2024高考英语人教版一轮学案：必修四 Unit1 Women of achievement
Unit1 Women of achievement
1、condition n.
根据语境猜词义
(1) We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.
(2) My car is old but in good condition.
(3) I'll do it on condition that you pay for everything.
根据语义找匹配：A. 状况 B. 环境 C. 条件
(1) B (2) A (3) C
be in (good) condition 健康，状况良好
be out of condition 健康不佳，状况不佳
on condition that… 如果；在……条件下
on/under no condition 无论如何都不，决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
完成句子
(1)The old house is out of condition.
这座老房子状况不好。
(2)I will come on condition that Peter is invited, too.
如果Peter也被邀请，我才会去。
2、argue v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) They were arguing about how to spend the money.
(2) I argued that we need a larger office.
(3) She argued him out of his decision.
根据语义找匹配：A. 据理力争 B. 说服 C. 争论
(1) C (2) A (3) B
argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵；论点；论据
argue for (sb. /sth.)为(某人/某事)而辩护
argue against (sb. /sth.) 反对(某人/某事)而辩护
argue with sb. (about/over sth.) 与某人(为某事)而争吵
argue that…主张……
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 通过争论使某人做/不做某事
have an argument about/over sth. 辩论某事
settle an argument解决争端
beyond argument无可争辩
根据语境填入恰当的介词
(1)We are always arguing with each other about/over money.
(2)They argued me into buying a new bike.
(3)He argued against smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.
3、inspire
v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) Her experiences abroad inspired her and she made up her mind to create a new kind of TV station for Chinese viewers.
(2) The story was inspired by a chance meeting with an old Russian duke.
根据语义找匹配：A. 赋予……灵感 B. 鼓舞，激励
(1) B (2) A
inspiration n. 灵感；启发；鼓舞人的事或人
inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的；有灵感的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，激励的
inspire sb. 鼓励某人；赋予某人灵感
inspire sb. to sth. 鼓励某人某事
inspire sb. to do sth. (＝encourage sb. to do sth.) 鼓励某人做某事
inspire sth. in sb. ＝ inspire sb. with sth. 使某人产生……；鼓励某人……
根据汉语提示，完成下列句子
(1) The teacher's words inspired him with hope.
＝ The teacher's words inspired hope in him.
老师的话使他产生了希望。
(2)The students were all inspired by the inspiring song.
学生们都被这首振奋人心的歌曲所鼓舞。
4、intend v.
根据语境猜词义
(1)I intend you to take over my career.
(2)The school is intended for the children whose parents are doing odd work outside.
根据语义找匹配：A. 专供……使用 B. 打算
(1) B (2) A
be intended for 专供……使用，专为……而设计
intend to do/doing 打算……
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
intend sth. for sb. / be intended for sb. 打算供某人使用；打算送给某人
It's intended that… 按计划……
单项填空
()— Does your brother intend to study German?
— Yes, he intends______.
A. /
B. to
C. so
D. that
B 考查省略。省略了to后面的do 也就是study German。
你知道intended to do和intended to have done sth.的内在含义吗？
___________________________________________
___________________________
intended to do表示“过去打算做某事(可能做了，也可能没做)”，而intended to have done sth.表示“过去打算做某事而实际上没做”，是虚拟语气的一种表达形式，相当于had intended to do sth.。
5、observe v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) The car I_observed earlier was no longer there.
(2) The police have been_observing his movements.
(3) I sat in a corner, observing what was going on.
(4) It is our duty to observe the traffic rules.
根据语义找匹配
A. 看到 B. 观察 C. 监视 D. 遵守
(1) A (2) C (3) B (4)D
observer n．目击者、观察员、观测员、旁听者
observation n. 观测、评论
observe sb. do sth. 注意到某人做某事
observe sb. doing sth. 注意到某人在做某事
单项填空
()The patients were ______ over a period of several weeks.
A. watched
B. noticed
C. observed
D. stared
C 考查动词词义辨析。observe观察(某一行为或现象); watch 观看，注意，留心看(活动，娱乐节目，事件)等； notice 是指无意识的注意到； stare是指凝视，盯住。根据语境：病人被观察了好几个星期，所以答案是C。
6、respect v．&n.
根据语境猜词义
(1) We all should respect_our parents and teachers.
(2) Mr. Smith always show respect_to his children's opinions.
(3) Molly always told us exactly what she thought, and we respected_her for that.
根据语义找匹配：A. 重视、尊重 B. 尊敬 C. 敬佩
(1) B (2) A (3) C
respectable adj. 可敬的、值得尊敬的、体面的、正派的
respectful adj. 有礼貌的、恭敬的
respected adj. 受尊敬的
respective adj. 各自的，分别的
单项填空
()He drove them both to their ______homes.
A. respectable
B. respectful
C. respective
D. respected
C 考查形容词的词义辨析。respectable可敬的、值得尊敬的、体面的、正派的； respectful有礼貌的、恭敬的； respective各自的，分别的；respected受尊敬的。根据语境：他开车送他们回各自的家，所以答案是C。
7、carry on
根据语境猜词义
(1) Let's carry_on_our homework.
(2) We must carry_on_until the rescue team arrived.
根据语义找匹配：A. 坚持 B. 继续
(1) B (2) A
carry out 执行，实施；带出去
carry away 带走，冲走
carry off 夺去，赢得，获得
单项填空
()The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to ______ their discussion.
A. carry on
B. put away
C. take down
D. look through
A 考查动词短语的辨析。 carry on继续；put away收起来；take down 拿下来；look through浏览。根据语境：饭后，经理们回到会议室继续他们的讨论。所以答案是A。
() (2010·湖北) Mistakes don't just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes______.
A. favourable
B. precious
C. essential
D. worthwhile
D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：错误并不仅仅是发生，它们因为某个原因而产生。找出原因，让错误变得值得。favourable “赞成的，有利的，良好的”；precious “珍贵的”；essential “基本的”；worthwhile“值得的”。
However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. (P2)
Unit1 Women of achievement
1、condition n.
根据语境猜词义
(1) We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.
(2) My car is old but in good condition.
(3) I'll do it on condition that you pay for everything.
根据语义找匹配：A. 状况 B. 环境 C. 条件
(1) B (2) A (3) C
be in (good) condition 健康，状况良好
be out of condition 健康不佳，状况不佳
on condition that… 如果；在……条件下
on/under no condition 无论如何都不，决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
完成句子
(1)The old house is out of condition.
这座老房子状况不好。
(2)I will come on condition that Peter is invited, too.
如果Peter也被邀请，我才会去。
2、argue v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) They were arguing about how to spend the money.
(2) I argued that we need a larger office.
(3) She argued him out of his decision.
根据语义找匹配：A. 据理力争 B. 说服 C. 争论
(1) C (2) A (3) B
argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵；论点；论据
argue for (sb. /sth.)为(某人/某事)而辩护
argue against (sb. /sth.) 反对(某人/某事)而辩护
argue with sb. (about/over sth.) 与某人(为某事)而争吵
argue that…主张……
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 通过争论使某人做/不做某事
have an argument about/over sth. 辩论某事
settle an argument解决争端
beyond argument无可争辩
根据语境填入恰当的介词
(1)We are always arguing with each other about/over money.
(2)They argued me into buying a new bike.
(3)He argued against smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.
3、inspire
v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) Her experiences abroad inspired her and she made up her mind to create a new kind of TV station for Chinese viewers.
(2) The story was inspired by a chance meeting with an old Russian duke.
根据语义找匹配：A. 赋予……灵感 B. 鼓舞，激励
(1) B (2) A
inspiration n. 灵感；启发；鼓舞人的事或人
inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的；有灵感的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，激励的
inspire sb. 鼓励某人；赋予某人灵感
inspire sb. to sth. 鼓励某人某事
inspire sb. to do sth. (＝encourage sb. to do sth.) 鼓励某人做某事
inspire sth. in sb. ＝ inspire sb. with sth. 使某人产生……；鼓励某人……
根据汉语提示，完成下列句子
(1) The teacher's words inspired him with hope.
＝ The teacher's words inspired hope in him.
老师的话使他产生了希望。
(2)The students were all inspired by the inspiring song.
学生们都被这首振奋人心的歌曲所鼓舞。
4、intend v.
根据语境猜词义
(1)I intend you to take over my career.
(2)The school is intended for the children whose parents are doing odd work outside.
根据语义找匹配：A. 专供……使用 B. 打算
(1) B (2) A
be intended for 专供……使用，专为……而设计
intend to do/doing 打算……
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
intend sth. for sb. / be intended for sb. 打算供某人使用；打算送给某人
It's intended that… 按计划……
单项填空
()— Does your brother intend to study German?
— Yes, he intends______.
A. /
B. to
C. so
D. that
B 考查省略。省略了to后面的do 也就是study German。
你知道intended to do和intended to have done sth.的内在含义吗？
___________________________________________
___________________________
intended to do表示“过去打算做某事(可能做了，也可能没做)”，而intended to have done sth.表示“过去打算做某事而实际上没做”，是虚拟语气的一种表达形式，相当于had intended to do sth.。
5、observe v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) The car I_observed earlier was no longer there.
(2) The police have been_observing his movements.
(3) I sat in a corner, observing what was going on.
(4) It is our duty to observe the traffic rules.
根据语义找匹配
A. 看到 B. 观察 C. 监视 D. 遵守
(1) A (2) C (3) B (4)D
observer n．目击者、观察员、观测员、旁听者
observation n. 观测、评论
observe sb. do sth. 注意到某人做某事
observe sb. doing sth. 注意到某人在做某事
单项填空
()The patients were ______ over a period of several weeks.
A. watched
B. noticed
C. observed
D. stared
C 考查动词词义辨析。observe观察(某一行为或现象); watch 观看，注意，留心看(活动，娱乐节目，事件)等； notice 是指无意识的注意到； stare是指凝视，盯住。根据语境：病人被观察了好几个星期，所以答案是C。
6、respect v．&n.
根据语境猜词义
(1) We all should respect_our parents and teachers.
(2) Mr. Smith always show respect_to his children's opinions.
(3) Molly always told us exactly what she thought, and we respected_her for that.
根据语义找匹配：A. 重视、尊重 B. 尊敬 C. 敬佩
(1) B (2) A (3) C
respectable adj. 可敬的、值得尊敬的、体面的、正派的
respectful adj. 有礼貌的、恭敬的
respected adj. 受尊敬的
respective adj. 各自的，分别的
单项填空
()He drove them both to their ______homes.
A. respectable
B. respectful
C. respective
D. respected
C 考查形容词的词义辨析。respectable可敬的、值得尊敬的、体面的、正派的； respectful有礼貌的、恭敬的； respective各自的，分别的；respected受尊敬的。根据语境：他开车送他们回各自的家，所以答案是C。
7、carry on
根据语境猜词义
(1) Let's carry_on_our homework.
(2) We must carry_on_until the rescue team arrived.
根据语义找匹配：A. 坚持 B. 继续
(1) B (2) A
carry out 执行，实施；带出去
carry away 带走，冲走
carry off 夺去，赢得，获得
单项填空
()The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to ______ their discussion.
A. carry on
B. put away
C. take down
D. look through
A 考查动词短语的辨析。 carry on继续；put away收起来；take down 拿下来；look through浏览。根据语境：饭后，经理们回到会议室继续他们的讨论。所以答案是A。
() (2010·湖北) Mistakes don't just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes______.
A. favourable
B. precious
C. essential
D. worthwhile
D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：错误并不仅仅是发生，它们因为某个原因而产生。找出原因，让错误变得值得。favourable “赞成的，有利的，良好的”；precious “珍贵的”；essential “基本的”；worthwhile“值得的”。
However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. (P2)
