2024届高考英语一轮复习课件:第11讲 解读图表信息,稳固构建图表作文 写作素能培养(外研版)
路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 走向高考 · 英语 外研版 · 高考总复习 写作素能培养 第三部分 第十一讲 解读图表信息,稳固构建图表作文 第三部分
图表作文是高考书面表达较常见的考查形式之一,要求考生通过对数据、文字内容进行分析,对前后变化、正反观点进行对比,或者对某产品进行介绍,系统而准确地表达出图表所示内容,并得出令人信服的结论。从体裁看,主要有说明文、议论文和应用文。在该文体中常常使用一般现在时。 一、试题特征 1.表格式 表格式书面表达就是将统计数据或被说明的事物直接以统计表的形式呈现出来。这类题目往往是介绍某种情况或辩论某种观点与看法,体裁以说明文和议论文为主。 2.图形式 主要有以下三种形式: (1)表示数据变化的曲线图。 (2)表示数据大小或数量之间差异的柱状图。 (3)表示总体结构变化的饼状图。
二、写作步骤(三段论) 1.开门见山,点明图表要反映的主题。 2.中间段落对图表的内容进行分析,可采用分类或对比来表现主题,并阐明必要的理由。在叙述中切忌反复使用同一句型,忌反复出现图表中的数据。 3.发表自己的观点,对全文进行小结。 三、注意事项 1.认真阅读和掌握图表提供的信息,弄清设计者想通过图表来反映的信息、问题或现象。对于曲线图形式,要认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息,并密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位;对柱状图和饼状图,要通过宽度相等的柱形的高度差别和各部分所占比例来判断事物的动态发展趋势,关注坐标线的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明。 2.在掌握了全部信息的基础上,着手分析这些信息或数据,通过分析对比,找出不同点和相似点。
四、常用句式 1.描述图表中的变化与发展趋势 快速上升:rise(increase/go up)sharply(rapidly/ quickly/ dramatically) 缓慢下降:decrease(reduce/come down/decline/drop/fall) slowly(gradually) 2.阐述事实的句式 ①As is apparently shown in the pie chart/graph/table above... 正如上面饼状图/曲线图/表格所明显呈现的…… ②As far as...is concerned,much progress has been made. 就……而言,已经取得了很大进步。 ③There is an increase of about...percent,compared with... 与……相比较,大约增加了……。 ④50% of the people surveyed express the satisfaction with...,while only 40% of them are satisfied with... 在调查中有50%的人对……满意,而仅有40%的人对……满意。
⑤By comparison with...,it decreased(fell)/increased from...to... 和……相比,从……减少/增加到……。 ⑥It is obvious from the graph/chart that...rank the first /highest,while...turn out to be the lowest. 图中清楚显示……是排在第一位/最高的,而……结果最低。 3.表达原因的句式 ①The reason why/for...is that... ……的原因是……。 ②One may think of the change as a result of... 人们可能把这种变化认作是……的结果。 ③The change in...largely results from the fact that...
在……上的变化很大程度上是由……的事实造成的。
④First/Firstly/To begin with...;Second/Secondly/And then/Next...;Finally/Last but not least/Apart from the above reasons... 首先……;其次……;最后/最后但同样重要的是/除了上述原因……。 ⑤It is because of...that... 由于……才……。 4.归纳总结或发表评论的句式 ①in a
word(总之)/in short(简而言之)/generally speaking(总的说来)/to sum up(总之,概括地说)/in conclusion总之,最后/in summary总之 ②From what has been discussed above,we can draw the conclusion that... 从以上的讨论我们可以得出结论,……。 ③Obviously/Apparently,if we want to...,it is necessary to do/that... 很明显,如果我们想……,……是有必要的。
④There is no doubt that attention must be paid to... 毫无疑问,我们必须注意……。 ⑤I suggest the government take effective measures to... 我建议政府应该采取有效措施来……。 ⑥All in all,it is...that leads to the phenomenon. 总而言之,是……导致了这种现象。 【典例】 1995年联合国教科文组织宣布每年的4月23日为“世界读书日”。在今年的世界读书日来临之际,某中学的研究性学习小组分别对高一、高二和高三学生每周课外阅读所花费的时间情况进行了调查,下面的图表显示了他们的调查结果。 根据上图信息,请以“Senior High School Students' Outside Reading”为题目,用英语写一篇短文,内容包括: 1.简要描述图中信息; 2.分析产生这种结果的原因(如没有认识到阅读的重要性、课外作业多……); 3.谈谈你的看法。 注意:词数100~120,文章的题目和开头已经给出(不计入总词数)。 Senior High School Students' Outside Reading As is shown in the chart,________________________
解析:本文属于图表作文,考生的写作任务是首先陈述图表显示的对高中学生的课外阅读现状调查的结果,其次分析出现这种情况的原因,最后发表个人的看法。 根据表达的需要,文章应用一般现在时,分为三个段落:第一段陈述调查的结果,第二段分析原因,第三段表达个人的看法。
优美范文 Senior High School Students' Outside Reading As is shown in the chart, senior high school students spend less time on outofclass reading as their grade rises.
On average, students in Senior One spend seven hours on reading per week and those in Senior Two four hours, with Senior Three students spending only two hours on reading. There are several reasons for this. First, most students don't attach enough importance to outside reading. As a consequence, their spare time is often taken up by other activities.
Second, with their grade becoming higher, they have more homework to do, leaving less spare time for reading.
In my opinion, it is very important for students to do more reading to broaden their horizons.
Meanwhile, teachers should encourage their students' outofclass reading by offering them a list of good books.
2.Some riders of ebikes and bicycles come and go in all directions,ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles. Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic.Thus the avoidable road accidents become unavoidable.
3.From
2005 to 2024,the total number of private cars in China rose sharply from 32 million to 154 million.Currently,China had 15% of the world's total vehicles. 【写作内容】 1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容; 2.结合上述信息,简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因; 3.根据你的分析,从社会规范(rules and regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。 【写作要求】 1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句; 2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称; 3.不必写标题。 【评分标准】 内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。 ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
参考答案: The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack. It not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten people's lives. The three selections presented above are typical examples. Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem. In spite of the largescale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years. What' s worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules. In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order. Without them, people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos. But rules alone don't secure an orderly society. It is the people who obey the rules that matter. It is everybody's duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right track.
解析:今年江苏高考英语采用了“材料类+图形+提纲类”形式,综合考查考生阅读材料,识图和写作能力,较往年有所创新,也增加了难度。材料分为三部分:第一部分讲述了一位老奶奶阻止车辆停放引发的争议。第二部分讲述了行人和自行车不遵守红绿灯,导致交通事故发生的现象。第三部分是图表和文字,反映近几年车辆的数量激增现象。要求第一段用30个单词概括材料内容;第二段分析导致交通问题的原因;第三段从社会规则和个人行为谈谈启示(不少于两点)。 点评:范文严格按照“三步走”的格局,第一段用短短26字(不含标点)概括了所给材料,得益于使用了“not only...but also...”这一经典句型;第二段分析了导致交通问题的原因,使用了“give rise to, largescale construction of, the increasing number of, (be) vital to”等高级词汇,同时“what's worse”衔接词的恰当使用使该段条理清晰。第三段句型多样,变换使用了“Without虚拟语气,It is...who...强调句型,It is one's duty to do sth.”等句型,为文章增色不少。
路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 走向高考 · 英语 外研版 · 高考总复习 写作素能培养 第三部分 第十一讲 解读图表信息,稳固构建图表作文 第三部分
图表作文是高考书面表达较常见的考查形式之一,要求考生通过对数据、文字内容进行分析,对前后变化、正反观点进行对比,或者对某产品进行介绍,系统而准确地表达出图表所示内容,并得出令人信服的结论。从体裁看,主要有说明文、议论文和应用文。在该文体中常常使用一般现在时。 一、试题特征 1.表格式 表格式书面表达就是将统计数据或被说明的事物直接以统计表的形式呈现出来。这类题目往往是介绍某种情况或辩论某种观点与看法,体裁以说明文和议论文为主。 2.图形式 主要有以下三种形式: (1)表示数据变化的曲线图。 (2)表示数据大小或数量之间差异的柱状图。 (3)表示总体结构变化的饼状图。
二、写作步骤(三段论) 1.开门见山,点明图表要反映的主题。 2.中间段落对图表的内容进行分析,可采用分类或对比来表现主题,并阐明必要的理由。在叙述中切忌反复使用同一句型,忌反复出现图表中的数据。 3.发表自己的观点,对全文进行小结。 三、注意事项 1.认真阅读和掌握图表提供的信息,弄清设计者想通过图表来反映的信息、问题或现象。对于曲线图形式,要认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息,并密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位;对柱状图和饼状图,要通过宽度相等的柱形的高度差别和各部分所占比例来判断事物的动态发展趋势,关注坐标线的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明。 2.在掌握了全部信息的基础上,着手分析这些信息或数据,通过分析对比,找出不同点和相似点。
四、常用句式 1.描述图表中的变化与发展趋势 快速上升:rise(increase/go up)sharply(rapidly/ quickly/ dramatically) 缓慢下降:decrease(reduce/come down/decline/drop/fall) slowly(gradually) 2.阐述事实的句式 ①As is apparently shown in the pie chart/graph/table above... 正如上面饼状图/曲线图/表格所明显呈现的…… ②As far as...is concerned,much progress has been made. 就……而言,已经取得了很大进步。 ③There is an increase of about...percent,compared with... 与……相比较,大约增加了……。 ④50% of the people surveyed express the satisfaction with...,while only 40% of them are satisfied with... 在调查中有50%的人对……满意,而仅有40%的人对……满意。
⑤By comparison with...,it decreased(fell)/increased from...to... 和……相比,从……减少/增加到……。 ⑥It is obvious from the graph/chart that...rank the first /highest,while...turn out to be the lowest. 图中清楚显示……是排在第一位/最高的,而……结果最低。 3.表达原因的句式 ①The reason why/for...is that... ……的原因是……。 ②One may think of the change as a result of... 人们可能把这种变化认作是……的结果。 ③The change in...largely results from the fact that...
在……上的变化很大程度上是由……的事实造成的。
④First/Firstly/To begin with...;Second/Secondly/And then/Next...;Finally/Last but not least/Apart from the above reasons... 首先……;其次……;最后/最后但同样重要的是/除了上述原因……。 ⑤It is because of...that... 由于……才……。 4.归纳总结或发表评论的句式 ①in a
word(总之)/in short(简而言之)/generally speaking(总的说来)/to sum up(总之,概括地说)/in conclusion总之,最后/in summary总之 ②From what has been discussed above,we can draw the conclusion that... 从以上的讨论我们可以得出结论,……。 ③Obviously/Apparently,if we want to...,it is necessary to do/that... 很明显,如果我们想……,……是有必要的。
④There is no doubt that attention must be paid to... 毫无疑问,我们必须注意……。 ⑤I suggest the government take effective measures to... 我建议政府应该采取有效措施来……。 ⑥All in all,it is...that leads to the phenomenon. 总而言之,是……导致了这种现象。 【典例】 1995年联合国教科文组织宣布每年的4月23日为“世界读书日”。在今年的世界读书日来临之际,某中学的研究性学习小组分别对高一、高二和高三学生每周课外阅读所花费的时间情况进行了调查,下面的图表显示了他们的调查结果。 根据上图信息,请以“Senior High School Students' Outside Reading”为题目,用英语写一篇短文,内容包括: 1.简要描述图中信息; 2.分析产生这种结果的原因(如没有认识到阅读的重要性、课外作业多……); 3.谈谈你的看法。 注意:词数100~120,文章的题目和开头已经给出(不计入总词数)。 Senior High School Students' Outside Reading As is shown in the chart,________________________
解析:本文属于图表作文,考生的写作任务是首先陈述图表显示的对高中学生的课外阅读现状调查的结果,其次分析出现这种情况的原因,最后发表个人的看法。 根据表达的需要,文章应用一般现在时,分为三个段落:第一段陈述调查的结果,第二段分析原因,第三段表达个人的看法。
优美范文 Senior High School Students' Outside Reading As is shown in the chart, senior high school students spend less time on outofclass reading as their grade rises.
On average, students in Senior One spend seven hours on reading per week and those in Senior Two four hours, with Senior Three students spending only two hours on reading. There are several reasons for this. First, most students don't attach enough importance to outside reading. As a consequence, their spare time is often taken up by other activities.
Second, with their grade becoming higher, they have more homework to do, leaving less spare time for reading.
In my opinion, it is very important for students to do more reading to broaden their horizons.
Meanwhile, teachers should encourage their students' outofclass reading by offering them a list of good books.
2.Some riders of ebikes and bicycles come and go in all directions,ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles. Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic.Thus the avoidable road accidents become unavoidable.
3.From
2005 to 2024,the total number of private cars in China rose sharply from 32 million to 154 million.Currently,China had 15% of the world's total vehicles. 【写作内容】 1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容; 2.结合上述信息,简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因; 3.根据你的分析,从社会规范(rules and regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。 【写作要求】 1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句; 2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称; 3.不必写标题。 【评分标准】 内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。 ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
参考答案: The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack. It not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten people's lives. The three selections presented above are typical examples. Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem. In spite of the largescale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years. What' s worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules. In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order. Without them, people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos. But rules alone don't secure an orderly society. It is the people who obey the rules that matter. It is everybody's duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right track.
解析:今年江苏高考英语采用了“材料类+图形+提纲类”形式,综合考查考生阅读材料,识图和写作能力,较往年有所创新,也增加了难度。材料分为三部分:第一部分讲述了一位老奶奶阻止车辆停放引发的争议。第二部分讲述了行人和自行车不遵守红绿灯,导致交通事故发生的现象。第三部分是图表和文字,反映近几年车辆的数量激增现象。要求第一段用30个单词概括材料内容;第二段分析导致交通问题的原因;第三段从社会规则和个人行为谈谈启示(不少于两点)。 点评:范文严格按照“三步走”的格局,第一段用短短26字(不含标点)概括了所给材料,得益于使用了“not only...but also...”这一经典句型;第二段分析了导致交通问题的原因,使用了“give rise to, largescale construction of, the increasing number of, (be) vital to”等高级词汇,同时“what's worse”衔接词的恰当使用使该段条理清晰。第三段句型多样,变换使用了“Without虚拟语气,It is...who...强调句型,It is one's duty to do sth.”等句型,为文章增色不少。