2024届高考英语一轮复习单元课件：必修2Unit 3《Amazing people》
It was in this room that we held the meeting.
我们是在这个房间里举行会议的。(强调句型) (去掉It was 和that后, 句子成分齐全。) It was this room where (= in which) we held the meeting. (定语从句) It was Li Hua who came from Beijing that was elected chairman of the meeting. 是来自北京的李华被选为会议主席。(第一个who引导的是定语从句) (2)强调句型与时间状语从句 It was at three o’clock in the afternoon that he arrived.
他是下午三点钟到达的。(强调句型) It was three o’clock in the afternoon when he arrived. (时间状语从句) It is two years since he went to college. 他上大学有两年了。(时间状语从句, since不可改为that。) It will be two hours before he returns. 还要过两个小时他才能回来。(时间状语从句) (3)强调句型与“It is + adj. + that从句”(主语从句) It is clear that you are wrong. 很明显你错了。(主语从句) It is true that he once worked as a doctor. 他以前真的做过医生。(主语从句) 【要点拾遗】 1. within prep. 在……之内, 不超过 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①We’re afraid we can’t finish the task ______ ____ ______.
恐怕我们在这个月内无法完成这项任务。 ②The hotel is ______ ____ _____ of the beach.
这家旅馆离海滨很近。 within this month within easy reach 【记一记➡构建知识】 within easy reach of离……很近, 在……附近 within one’s reach
在某人够得着的地方 within three days 在三天之内 *My uncle lives within ten minutes’ walk.
我叔叔住在离这儿步行十分钟的地方。 *Keep the dictionary within your reach.
把词典放在你够得着的地方。 2. superior n. 上级, 上司
adj. 更好的, 更高的 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①You should get on well with _____ ________.
你应该与你的上司相处融洽。 ②The cloth is ________ __ that one.
这块布比那块好。 your superior superior to 【记一记➡构建知识】 be superior to优于/高于 *The army was superior in number to its enemies.
该部队在数量上超过了它的敌人。 【悟一悟➡参透误区】 进行比较时, 用to而不用than的常见短语:
be junior to sb. 比某人小/地位低 be superior to. . . 优于/高于…… be inferior to. . .
比……差 be senior to sb. 比某人年长/资历深 3. be in control (of something)掌管, 控制(某物) 【填一填➡激活思维】 一句多译。 他掌管着医院医疗事务方面的所有决策。 ①He is __ _______ __all medical decisions at the hospital.
②All medical decisions at the hospital are __ ___ _______ __
him.
in control of in the control of 【记一记➡构建知识】 beyond/out of control失去控制; 无法控制 under control 受到控制, 处于控制之下 lose control of 失去对……的控制 take/gain/get control of 控制 control oneself
自我控制 *If you don’t change your mind, the situation will be out of control/beyond control.
如果你不改变主意, 形势将失去控制。 【拓展延伸】常见的“in +名词+of”词组 in case of
假设, 万一 in charge of
掌管; 负责 in favour of
赞成; 有利于 in honour of 为向……表示敬意 in memory of
纪念 in need of
需要 in place of 代替 in search of
寻找 in spite of
不管; 不顾 in consequence of 由于……的缘故 4. fortune n. 大笔的钱, 财富; 运气 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①He has _____ __ _______ from mining.
他开矿发了大财。 ②They went to America to ____ _____ _______.
他们去了美国寻求发财的机会。 ③I ____ ___ _____ _______ __ be chosen for a trip abroad.
我真幸运, 被选中出国旅行。 made a fortune seek their fortune had the good fortune to 【记一记➡构建知识】 make a fortune
发财, 赚大钱 try one’s fortune 碰运气 seek one’s fortune
寻找发财机会 have the fortune to do sth. 有幸做某事 tell one’s fortune 给某人算命 *(2024·安徽高考)In China, children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year.
在中国, 给小孩装在红色信封里的压岁钱是希望在新年中给他们带来好运。 *The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune was to be made.
澳大利亚金子的发现使数以千计的人相信发财的机会来了。 5. preserve vt. 保存, 保护, 保持 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①The society works to ________ the district’s historic
buildings.
协会致力于维护该地区的历史建筑。 ②As we all know, salt helps to ________ _____.
众所周知, 盐有助于肉的保存。 ③With the limited natural resources, we should take action
to ________ them _____ being wasted.
由于自然资源有限, 我们应该采取行动保护它们不被浪费。 preserve preserve meat preserve from 【记一记➡构建知识】 preserve historic buildings
保护历史建筑 preserve traditions
保留传统 preserve the public order 维护公共秩序 preserve food保鲜食品/贮存食品 preserve. . . from. . . 保护……免于…… *(2024·湖北高考)After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?
毕竟, 难道沉淀记忆不是保存往事的一种方式吗?
【猜一猜➡熟词生义】观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。 Sailing is increasingly popular, and no longer the preserve of
the rich. (
) 独有活动 【拓展延伸】类似结构:
protect. . . from/against. . . 保护……免受……(伤害) prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 =stop sb. (from) doing sth.
=keep sb. from doing sth.
=discourage sb. from doing sth.
prevent/stop/keep sth. from being done
阻止某事被做 4. inspire vt. 启迪, 赋予灵感; 激励, 鼓舞 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①His excellent performance ________ the rest of us __ greater
efforts.
他出色的表演激励我们其余的人更努力。 ②What ________ the taxi drivers in this city __ _____ English?
是什么激励该市出租车司机学英语的?
inspired to inspired to learn 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)inspire sb. to sth.
激励某人某事 inspire sb. to do sth.
激励某人做某事 inspire sth. 赋予……的灵感 be inspired by 受……激励 (2)inspiring
adj. 激励人心的 inspiration
n. 灵感 have an inspiration 有灵感 5. discourage vt. 使灰心, 使泄气; 劝阻
【填一填➡激活思维】 ①Don’t __________ ___; she’s trying her best.
别泄她的气, 她正尽力呢。 ②The heavy rain ___________ __ ___________ for a picnic.
大雨打消了我们去野餐的念头。 discourage her discouraged us from
going 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)discourage sb.
使某人灰心/泄气 discourage sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事 (2)discouraging
adj. 令人沮丧的 discouraged adj. 灰心的, 泄气的 be discouraged by
因……灰心 (3)discouragementn.
泄气; 灰心; 使人泄气的事物 to one’s discouragement 使某人沮丧的是 *He is easily discouraged by difficulties and obstacles.
他遇到困难和障碍很容易气馁。 6. desire n. 愿望, 欲望, 渴望
vt. 渴望, 期望 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①He ___ __ ______ ______ ___ success. 他有强烈的成功欲望。 ②Sometimes, while living in a foreign country, one ______ a
special dish from home.
有时, 一个人生活在国外, 很渴望能吃到家乡的特色菜。 ③She ______ __ ___ a singer. 她渴望成为一名歌手。 ④We ______ ____ __ _____ in your homework this afternoon.
我们希望你今天下午交上作业。 has a strong desire for desires desires to be desire you to hand 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)have a desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 have a desire for sth. 渴望得到某物 a desire +that-clause
……的愿望 (2)desire sth.
渴望某物 desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth.
渴望(要求, 期望)某人做某事 desire+that-clause
希望, 要求…… 【悟一悟➡参透误区】 desire后接同位语从句(作名词)和宾语从句(作动词)时, 从句中用虚拟语气, 即谓语为“should + 动词原形”结构。 *She desired that you (should) not chat online too often.
她要求你不要经常上网聊天。 *It is everybody’s desire that every effort (should) be made to reduce the pollution in our city.
努力减少我市的污染是每一个人的愿望。 7. apply vi. 申请 vt. 使用, 应用 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①After 15 years in China, he finally decided to _____ ___
Chinese citizenship.
在中国生活了15年后, 他最终决定申请中国国籍。 ②In this way they can better _____ ______ __ practice.
这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。 apply for apply theory to 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)apply for
申请 apply to do sth.
申请做某事 apply A to B
把A应用到B中 apply to sb.
适用于某人 apply oneself to致力于 (2)application
n. 申请 applicant
n. 申请人 *The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.
这些安全行驶规则适用于每一个人。 *Students should apply themselves to their study.
学生们应该专心致志地学习。 【核心短语】 8. come across (偶然)遇见; 发现; (感觉、想法等)被 表达清楚 【填一填➡激活思维】观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。 ①(2024·湖北高考)During the trip, I was busy recording
every incident, name and place I came across. (
) ②He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not really
come across. (
) 遇见 被表达清楚 【记一记➡构建知识】 come about发生 come true
(梦想等)被实现 come up 出现; 走近, 长出, 提出 come on 快点; (用于鼓励)振作起来 come out 出版 come up with 想出, 提出(想法、计划等) 9. result in 导致, 结果是…… 【填一填➡激活思维】一句多译。 他们的粗心导致了失败。 ①Their carelessness _______ __ the failure.
②The failure _______ _____ their carelessness.
resulted in resulted from 【记一记➡构建知识】 result from 由……引起, 由……造成 as a result
结果, 因此 as a result of 由于……的结果; 由于 *(2024·山东高考) As a result, I had no choice but to completely focus on my study.
结果, 我别无选择, 只好全身心地投入到学习中去。 *He didn’t work hard. As a result, he failed the exam.
=He didn’t work hard, which resulted in his failure in the exam.
=He failed the exam, which resulted from his laziness.
他没有努力学习, 因此考试不及格。 【悟一悟➡参透误区】 (1)result in的主语是“起因”, 宾语是“结果”; result from的主语是“结果”, 宾语是“起因”。 (2)表示“导致”的词(短语)还有: cause, lead to, contribute to等。 【看一看➡巧学助记】 巧记因果 10. pay off 成功, 带来好结果; 还清, 付清 【填一填➡激活思维】观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。 ①His hard work finally paid off with a gold medal.
(
) ②Ten years later, they paid off all their debts. (
) 带来好结果 还清 【记一记➡构建知识】 pay back
偿还(钱); 报答(某人) pay sb. for sth.
为某物付给某人钱 pay for sth.
付某物的钱 pay attention to
注意 pay a visit to 参观, 访问 *(2024·山东高考)All in all, every road leads to Rome, but I believe hard work pays off.
总而言之, 条条大路通罗马, 但是我相信勤奋会带来好结果的。 *(2024·四川高考)As students, we should pay more attention to our habits which we develop in our study.
作为学生, 我们应该更多地关注我们在学习中养成的习惯。 11. look up to敬佩; 尊重, 尊敬 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①We should ____ ___ __ him for his devotion to the work.
我们应该尊重他对工作的奉献。 ②She ______ ___ and saw me. 她抬头看见了我。 look up to looked up 【记一记➡构建知识】 look up
向上看; 查阅 look back upon/on回顾 look down upon/on
瞧不起; 轻视 look forward to 盼望 look out for
留心 *We shouldn’t look down upon women. 我们不应该瞧不起女性。 *I’m really looking forward to working with you.
我一心期待着与你共事。 【经典句式】 12. By the 1920s, he had become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.
到了20世纪20年代, 他已成为一名探险家, 致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。 【填一填➡激活思维】 仿写句子。 ①By the time we ___ to the cinema, the film __________.
我们到电影院时电影已经开始了。 ②By the time you ______, we _____________our lunch.
到你到达时, 我们将已吃过午饭了。 got had started arrive shall have had 【记一记➡构建知识】 “by +时间状语”作状语, 句子时态如下:
a. “by +过去时间”, 主句常用过去完成时 b. “by +将来时间”, 主句常用将来完成时 13. Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut.
虽然杨利伟并非每项测试都得了最高分, 但他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。 【填一填➡激活思维】 仿写句子。 ①__________________________met her at the airport.
是她的丈夫在机场接她的。 ②__________________________________I came home late.
我回家迟了是因为雨下得很大。 ③__________________________I learned it.
直到昨天我才知道这件事。 It was her husband who (that) It was because it was raining hard that It was not until yesterday that 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)强调句型的基本形式: It is/was+被强调部分+that/who +句子的其他成分。 (2)一般疑问句形式: Is /was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他成分?
(3)否定疑问句形式: Isn’t /Wasn’t it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他成分?
(4)特殊疑问句形式:
疑问代词/疑问副词+is/was+it+that/who+句子的其他成分?
(5)not. . . until用于强调句的句式:
It is/was not until. . . that. . .
*Is it an English dictionary that you want to buy?
你想买的是本英语词典吗?
*Wasn’t it he that/who had made a mistake?
难道不是他犯了个错误吗?
*Where was it that you saw her cellphone yesterday?
昨天你是在什么地方看到她的手机的?
【悟一悟➡参透误区】 (1)强调结构用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分, 不能用来强调谓语。 (2)that只起连接作用, 不作成分, 但不能省略。只有当强调部分为人时, 才可以用who。that/who后的谓语动词应与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 (3)强调结构的判断: 如果把it is/was和that/who去掉, 句子成分完整, 则是强调句。 【拓展延伸】强调句型与其他相似句型的区别 (1)强调句型与定语从句 注意不要将表示地点的被强调部分看成是定语从句的先行词, 从而将强调句型当成定语从句。检验的方法是试着将It is/was 和 that/who去掉, 如句子成分仍齐全, 则为强调句型。例如:
