2024届高考英语一轮专项复习训练 23

　　Unit 4　Earthquakes

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．(2024·南京名校阶段考试)—I wonder if I could make a living by writing.

　　—________？

　　A．Who cares B．How dare you

　　C．For whatD．Why not take a chance

　　2．(2024·山西太原部分中学高三统一检测)It came as________shock that ________fire broke out in Shanghai yesterday，killing at least 5 people.

　　A．a；a

　　B．a；/

　　C．/；a D．the；the

　　3．(2024·湖南师大附中一模)The first successful space walk in 2024 is an important historical________in Chinese history.

　　A．eventB．matter

　　C．affairD．incident

　　4．(2024·江苏两校联考)According to the agreement，you________be fined if you fail to meet the goal.

　　A．willB．must

　　C．mightD．shall

　　5．(2024·山东实验中学二模)You can never be________careful，the road is icy and slippery.

　　A．veryB．too

　　C．quiteD．rather

　　6．(2024·海口质检)I received his mother’s phone call at ten.Only then did I know that he was badly________in an accident the day before yesterday.

　　A．hurtB．injured

　　C．harmedD．wounded

　　7．You are so dependent that I’m afraid you can’t adjust yourself to________alone for a time.

　　A．leaveB．leaving

　　C．be leftD．being left

　　8．(2024·福建六校二模)His best movie，________won several awards，was about the life of Gandhi.

　　A．itB．that

　　C．whereD．which

　　9．The rescue team has saved more than ten people________under the collapsed buildings since the earthquake occurred in Ya’an.

　　A．trappingB．to be trapped

　　C．trappedD．having trapped

　　10．The space suits can be adjusted so that the team can reproduce different levels of gravity as if they________in space.

　　A．areB．has been

　　C．wereD．had been

　　11．He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found________of them again.

　　A．neitherB．either

　　C．eachD．all

　　12．(2024·山西太原五中模拟)Some parents are just too protective.They want to________their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.

　　A．spotB．dismiss

　　C．shelterD．distinguish

　　13．(2024·兖州模拟)—Why do you look so worried?

　　—My computer broke down last week and my essay has been left________since.

　　A．finishedB．prepared

　　C．doneD．unfinished

　　14．(2024·厦门模拟)You will________your chances of getting a pay rise if you don’t work harder than others.

　　A．injureB．wound

　　C．harmD．ruin

　　15．(2024·安徽皖西四校二模)—Hi，Mum.I got promoted for my wonderful performance in my work.

　　—________

　　A．Congratulations！B．Best wishes.

　　C．Good luck.D．Don’t mention it.

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2024·江西八校联考)

　　The forces that make Japan one of the world’s most earthquake­prone (有地震倾向的) countries could become part of its long­term energy solution.

　　Water from deep below the ground at Japan’s tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity.

　　Although Japanese high­tech companies are leaders in geothermal (地热的) technology and export it，its use is limited in the nation.

　　“Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy，” said

　　Yoshiyasu Takefuji，a leading researcher of thermal­electric power production.

　　The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11,2011 caused a reaction against atomic power，which previously made up 30 percent of Japan’s energy needs，and increased interest in alternative energies，which accounted for only 8 percent.

　　Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy，following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs.

　　For now，geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan，which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.

　　The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories.Another problem is that Japan’s potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden.

　　“We can’t even dig 10 cm inside national parks.” said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric，adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.

　　Researcher Hideaki Matsui said，“Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades­long project.We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term.”

　　The Earth Policy Institute in Washington，US，believed Japan could produce 80 000 megawatts (兆瓦) and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology.

　　Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology，with a 70 percent market share.In 2010，Fuji Electric built the world’s largest geothermal factory in New Zealand.

　　1．What would be the best title for the text?

　　A．Alternative energies in Japan

　　B．World’s largest geothermal plant

　　C．Japan takes the lead in geothermal technology

　　D．Japan thinks of geothermal energy

　　2．What percentage of Japan’s energy needs is geothermal energy?

　　A．About 8%.B．Below 1%.

　　C．Around 30%.D．Over 80%.

　　3．According to Shigeto Yamada，the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs________.

　　A．a change of rules B．financial support

　　C．local people’s help D．high technology

　　4．Geothermal energy is considered as a long­term program by________.

　　A．Yoshiyasu Takefuji

　　B．Hideaki Matsui

　　C．Shigeto Yamada

　　D．Yoko Ono

　　5．It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that________.

　　A．the world’s biggest geothermal plant was built by America

　　B．Japan will not export its geothermal technology

　　C．the potential of Japan’s geothermal energy is great

　　D．it is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan

　　B

　　(2024·泰安复习质量检测)

　　University of Maryland student Ben Simon and his friends couldn’t stand to see good food thrown out on their campus.“We basically noticed that some of the extra food from the dining hall was going to waste at the end of the day.And we met with the dining services and asked them whether it would be okay if instead of throwing out the food we would donate it.And they were on board，” he said.

　　So 18 months ago，the students began what they call the Food Recovery Network.Each night，volunteers would show up at a campus dining hall to pick up leftovers and deliver them to area shelters and food banks.So far，they have donated more than 23 000 kilos of food that would otherwise have been thrown out.

　　Nationwide，$165 billion worth of food is wasted each year，according to the National Resources Defense Council.Spokesman Bob Keefe says that is about 40% of the country’s entire food production.“If we can reduce our waste in this country by 15%，we can feed 25 million hungry Americans.That is a huge benefit.That is what programs like this Food Recovery Network are doing，” he said.

　　Christian Life Center is one of the beneficiaries (受益者) of the students’ efforts.Ben Slye，the senior pastor (牧师)，said，“It has been just amazing to see these students take their own time，their own vehicles and own gas money and be able to make an effort like this.Each week we are able with this food probably to feed over hundred people.”

　　The University of Maryland’s Food Recovery Network now has 200 volunteers and the program has expanded to 18 schools across the country.“I want to grow 18 chapters to a thousand chapters within five years.And once we get to the Food Recovery Nation being at every college campus in America，we want to expand to restaurants and farms.” said Simon.

　　The volunteers are committed to making that happen.

　　6．The dining services in University of Maryland________.

　　A．threw out good food on the campus

　　B．supported the volunteers’ job

　　C．enjoyed the talk with the students

　　D．donated their leftovers to the poor

　　7．Volunteers from the Food Recovery Network________.

　　A．started the Food Recovery Network two years ago

　　B．delivered leftovers as well as money to shelters

　　C．helped to solve the hunger issues in America

　　D．donated leftovers to avoid food waste

　　8．Ben Slye’s attitude toward the volunteers’ effort was that of________.

　　A．unconcern B．doubt

　　C．appreciationD．opposition

　　9．We can learn from the text that________.

　　A．over 40% of the country’s entire food is wasted each year

　　B．altogether 25 million Americans suffer from hunger nowadays

　　C．Simon aims to expand the program to restaurants and farms

　　D．every college has started the Food Recovery Network

　　10．What can be the best title for the text?

　　A．College Students Rescue Leftover Food

　　B．Battles Against the Problem of Hunger

　　C．How to Pick up Leftovers on College Campuses

　　D．Waste Problems in University of Maryland

　　.书面表达

　　(2024·江西卷)

　　星光中学(Xingguang Middle School)近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括：

　　1．时间与地点：4月10日，大青山(Daqing Mountain)；2.活动的过程；3.你对于这次活动的评论。

　　注意：1.词数120左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。课时作业(四)

　　.单项填空

　　1．解析：　考查交际用语。句意为：——我想知道我是否可以靠写作谋生。——为什么不试一下？根据句意可知，应选D。

　　答案：　D

　　2．解析：　句意为：昨天发生在上海的一场火灾造成至少5人死亡，这真是让人震惊的事情。“a shock”表示“一件让人震惊的事情”，故第一空用不定冠词a；“a fire”泛指“一场火灾”，故第二空也用不定冠词a。

　　答案：　A

　　3．解析：　考查名词词义辨析。event指“大事件、国际事件或历史上的事件”，符合句意。matter指“亟待考虑或解决的事情，也可称作问题”；affair指“个人或国家的杂事”；incident指“小事件或政治事变”。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　考查情态动词。句意为：按照协议，如果你没有达到目标，你将会被罚款。shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的承诺、警告、命令等，符合句意。

　　答案：　D

　　5．解析：　考查副词用法。否定词not、never等与too连用时，意为“再……也不为过，越……越好”，其他几项均无此用法。

　　答案：　B

　　6．解析：　在意外事故中受伤常用injure。句意为：十点钟时我接到他母亲的电话。直到那时我才知道他在前天的一次意外事故中伤得很严重。

　　答案：　B

　　7．解析：　考查非谓语动词。主语You与leave是逻辑上的动宾关系；且adjust oneself to中的to为介词。综合可知，应选D。

　　答案：　D

　　8．解析：　考查定语从句。句意为：他最好的(那部)电影，获得了好几个奖，内容是关于甘地的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处应为非限制性定语从句的引导词，从句缺少主语，且先行词为物，故用which。

　　答案：　D

　　9．解析：　考查非谓语动词。more than ten people与trap构成逻辑上的被动关系，需用被动语态，可选B、C；再根据句中的has saved，知trap动作已经完成，故用过去分词。句意为：自从雅安地震发生以来，这个救援小队已经从倒塌的建筑物下救出了10多个人。

　　答案：　C

　　10．解析：　考查虚拟语气以及as if的用法。根据句中的can be adjusted，知这些队员现在还没在太空，是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故用were。句意为：这些太空服可以调节以便队员们能模仿不同级别的引力，好像他们在太空似的。

　　答案：　C

　　11．解析：　句意为：战争中他发脾气且损害了健康；但现在两样都没有了。根据题干中的temper和health，可知设空处指的是两者，故排除D项；each指两者或两者以上的每个，不合句意；题干中出现了never，故排除表否定的neither；never与either连用，表示全部否定，故为正确答案。

　　答案：　B

　　12．解析：　考查动词辨析。根据前一句中的内容可知父母想给孩子提供“庇护”，让他们避免各种危险，无论是真实的，还是想象的。A项表示“认出；发现”，B项表示“开除；解散”，D项表示“区分”，都不符合语意。

　　答案：　C

　　13．解析：　考查leave的用法及动词词义的辨析。句式结构：leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语，由上文中“看起来很着急”可知，论文应该还未完成，故选D项。

　　答案：　D

　　14．解析：　考查动词辨析。ruin可用其引申含义，意为“毁坏”，此时其宾语通常是health，fame，chance等。injure侧重身体上的伤害；wound侧重战场上的刀伤、枪伤等；harm指“对……有害”。

　　答案：　D

　　15．解析：　考查交际用语。孩子因在工作中表现得好而得到提升，妈妈应该表示“祝贺”，所以选A。

　　答案：　A

　　.阅读理解

　　语篇解读　本文为一篇科普说明文。让日本经常地震的一些自然力有可能会被转化成日本长期可持续利用的清洁能源，即：地热。本文对其进行了详细介绍。

　　1．解析：　标题概括题。根据文章第三段的导入和倒数第三段最后一句“We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term”，以及对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲的“日本正在考虑如何使用地热”的问题，所以D项最适合做文章的标题。

　　答案：　D

　　2．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第七段“For now，geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan...”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　答案：　B

　　3．解析：　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第四段中的“adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow”可推知，答案A符合文意。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Researcher Hideaki Matsui said，Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades­long project...”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　答案：　B

　　5．解析：　推理判断题。根据对文章最后两段的整体理解可知，日本的地热能源潜力巨大。