2024届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解训练（5）及答案
2024高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（5）及答案
[故事型阅读理解]
I still remember—my hands and my fingers still remember—what used to lie in store for us on our return to school from the holidays. The trees in the school yard would be in full leaf again and the old leaves would be lying around like a muddy sea of leaves.
“Get that all swept up！” the headmaster would tell us. “I want the whole place cleaned up, at once！” There was enough work there, to last over a week. Especially since the only tools with which we were provided were our hands, our fingers, and our nails. “Now see that it's done properly, and be quick about it，” the headmaster would say to the older pupils, “or you'll have to answer for it！”
So at an order from the older boys we would all line up like peanuts about to cut and gather in crops. If the work was not going as quickly as the headmaster expected, the big boys, instead of giving us a helping hand, used to find it simpler to beat us with branches pulled from the trees. In order to avoid these blows, we used to bribe(贿赂) the older boys with the juicy cakes we used to bring for our midday meals.
And if we happened to have any money on us, the coins changed hands at once. If we did not do this, if we were afraid of going home with an empty stomach or an empty purse, the blows were redoubled. They hit us so violently and with such evil enjoyment that even a deaf and dumb person would have realized that we were being whipped not so much to make us work harder, but rather to beat us into a state of obedience(服从) in which we would be only too glad to give up our food and money.
Occasionally one of us, worn out by such calculated cruelty, would have the courage to complain to the headmaster. He would of course be very angry, but the punishment he gave the older boys was always very small—nothing compared to what they had done to us. And the fact is that however much we complained, our situation did not improve in the slightest. Perhaps we should have let our parents know what was going on, but somehow we never dreamed of doing so; I don't know whether it was loyalty or pride that kept us silent, but I can see now that we were foolish to keep quiet about it, for such beatings were completely foreign to our nature.
1．The statement “my hands and my fingers still remember” (Para.1) means that________．
A．the author's hands were severely injured in the cleaning up
B．the author seldom did such hard work as the cleaning up
C．the author was bullied by the big boys in the cleaning up
D．the author's hands were his only tool for the cleaning up
2．The headmaster would tell the students to clean up the school yard at the beginning of the term because________．
A．he was too lazy
B．there were many fallen leaves on the ground
C．the school yard was covered with mud
D．the students didn't finish their homework
3．The headmaster asked the older boys to________．
A．beat those who worked slowly
B．treat the small boys as peanuts
C．take charge of the process of the cleaning up
D．do the cleaning up all by themselves
4．According to Para. 3, if the author had any money on him, he most probably________．
A．gave it to the big boys so as to please them
B．gave it as a bride to the headmaster
C．spent it all on his midday meal
D．spent it buying midday meals for the big boys
5．When receiving complaints, the headmaster would deal with the big boys by means of ________．
A．slight punishment
B．harsh criticism
C．complete indifference
D．good beatings
【要点综述】本文为记叙文。文中作者回忆了早年读书期间，暑假返校清除落叶的一段经历。
1．D 细节理解题。作者一开始用了两个remember表明他对暑假返校要清除落叶一事记忆深刻。第二段提到在为学校清除落叶时没有别的工具，唯一的工具就是手，由此可推断“手和指尖都记得”是因为在大扫除中，作者的手作为唯一的清洁工具受了不少的罪。
2．B 细节理解题。第一段最后一句提到假期过后学校会堆满落叶，第二段校长发布学生大扫除的命令，两者之间的因果关系显而易见，因此本题应选B项。
3．C 细节理解题。第二段最后一句，特别是其中的see，表明校长让大孩子们做大扫除的“监工”，负责带领其他孩子把学校打扫干净。这也可以从该段最后一句的“or you'll have to answer for it(否则你们就要为此负责)”看出答案。
4．A 推理判断题。根据第三段第四句中的“…the coins changed hands at once.”可知“钱马上就会易主”，即到了大孩子们的口袋里。
5．A 细节理解题。根据题干中的complaints可定位到最后一段开头两句。该段第二句表明校长对大孩子的惩罚很轻微，因此本题应选A项。
阅读理解
Drunken driving—sometimes called America’s socially accepted form of murder—has become a national epidemic（流行病）. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past ten years. A drunken driver is usually referred to as one with 0.10-blood alcohol content or roughly three beer glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American manly image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken killing has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially concerning young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant（忍受）.
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend（逆转潮流）in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18—20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop “responsible attitudes” about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.
Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests in many areas already, to a marked drop in accidents, some states are also punishing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A bar in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was “obviously drunk” and later drove off the road, killing a nine-year-old boy.
As the accidents continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition（禁令）of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the “noble experiment”. They forgot that legal prohibition didn’t stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption（腐败）and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.
57. What can be inferred from the fact of the traffic accidents in New Jersey?
A. Young drivers were usually bad.
B. The legal drinking age should be raised.
C. Some drivers didn’t surprise the legal drinking age.
D. Drivers should not be allowed to drink.
58. The underlined word “lenient” in the first paragraph means
.
A. merciful B. cruel C. serious D. determined
59. As regards drunken driving, public opinion has changed because
.
A. judges are no longer lenient
B. new laws are introduced in some states
C. drivers do not appreciate their manly image
D. the problem has attracted public attention
60. Which of the following statements best shows the writer’s opinion of drunken driving?
A. It is difficult to solve this problem.
B. It may lead to organized crime.
C. The new laws can stop heavy drinking
D. There should be no bars to serve drinks.
【答案】57—60、BADA
阅读理解
In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools,s urprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed 搕o give children a good start academically?as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the Ameriwecan respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.
In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. 62 percent of the more individually oriented（强调个性发展的）Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.
Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.
Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.
45. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe ____.
A. Japanese parents pay more attention to preschool education than American parents
B. Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements
C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction
D. Japan’s higher education is better than theirs
46. Most American respondents believe that preschools should also attach importance to____.
A. problem solving
B. group experience
C. parental guidance
D. individually oriented development
47. In Japan’s preschools education, the focus is on ____.
A. preparing children’s artistic interests
B. developing children’s artistic interests
C. tapping children’s potential
D. shaping children’s character
48. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?
A. They can do better in their future studies.
B. They can gain more group experience there.
C. They can be individually oriented when they grows up.
D. They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education
【参考答案】45-48 CBDD
[故事型阅读理解]----- (一)
War Horse is a historical story by Michael Morpurgo. It is written for kids aged 8 to 12. Now just sit and get through the introduction to the plot.
In 1914, a young horse named Joey is sold to a farmer. The farmer's son, Albert, is thrilled. He cares for Joey. When the family begins to feel the financial impact of war, Albert's father secretly sells Joey to an army officer named Captain Nicholls. Albert begs the captain to let him join the army. Albert is too young, but Nicholls promises to take good care of Joey for him.
Nicholls treats Joey well. Though Joey still remembers Albert, he grows to like his new master. He develops a friendship with another horse, Topthorn, who belongs to Nicholls' friend, Captain Stewart. The horses and men are shipped overseas for battle. They soon face their own battle in France, and Captain Nicholls is killed.
A young soldier named Warren becomes Joey's new owner. Joey and Topthorn do well in battle, but the Germans capture Warren and Stewart and their horses. The horses' duty of pulling carts full of wounded German soldiers earns them praise. An old farmer and his granddaughter, Emilie, dote_on the horses as well. When the German army moves out of the area, Emilie and her grandfather keep the two horses. Joey and Topthorn are content to work on the farm until another band of soldiers takes them. They become workhorses under bad conditions. Joey is very upset when Topthorn dies of exhaustion.
Alone and frightened, Joey wanders into “noman'sland” between the German and English camps. An English soldier takes him back to camp.
Joey is reunited with Albert. As the war ends, Albert's officer announces the horses will be sold in France. An old Frenchman buys Joey. The man, Emilie's grandfather, tells Albert how Emilie lost the will to live after the horses were taken. However, he eventually sells Joey to Albert for one penny, as long as Albert promises to share Emilie's story so her life will not be in vain. Joey and Albert return home.
1．Why does Albert's father secretly sell Joey?
A．Because he's in need of money.
B．Because Captain Nicholls is fond of Joey.
C．Because Albert is too young to care for Joey.
D．Because he believes Joey will contribute to the country.
2．Which of the following is TRUE about Captain Nicholls?
A．He's a rich man.
B．He's a Frenchman.
C．He's a man of his word.
D．He doesn't win Joey's trust.
3．The underlined phrase “dote on” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．train
B．ride
C．raise
D．love
4．Which of the following words can be used to describe Emilie's grandfather?
A．Brave.
B．Generous.
C．Hardworking.
D．Humorous.
(一)
【要点综述】本文叙述了一个英国农场少年阿尔伯特的父亲为了维持农场，无奈之下将马儿乔伊卖给军队，为前线运送军火物资。阿尔伯特和他心爱的马不得不分离。
1．A 细节理解题。根据“When the family begins to feel the financial impact of war，Albert's father secretly sells Joey to an army officer named Captain Nicholls.”可知选A。
2．C 细节理解题。根据“Albert is too young，but Nicholls promises to take good care of Joey for him.Nicholls treats Joey well.”可知Captain Nicholls是一个守信用的人。故选C。
3．D 词义猜测题。根据“When the German army moves out of the area，Emilie and her grandfather keep the two horses.”可知他们喜欢马。故选D。
4．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知选B。
