2024届高考英语阶段效果检测：21（含解析）
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2024·宁波模拟) to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.
A. Exposed B. Being exposed
C. To expose
D. Having exposed
2. When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, ________ in conversation.
A. absorbing
B. absorbed
C. to absorb
D. to be absorbed
3. (2024·西安模拟)The idea of traveling abroad really a lot of Chinese people. That’s why every year witnesses more people applying for passports.
A. sticks to B. contributes to
C. attends to
D. appeals to
4. (2024·吉林模拟)You’d better give up smoking, Tom, for many diseases areto smoking, you know.
A. linked B. ledC. exposedD. blamed
5. The doctoryou for your cough is sure toit.
A. curing; treat B. cures; treating
C. treating; cure
D. treats; cure
6. It was the boy, rather than his teachers, thatfor what the boy had done.
A. were to blame B. were to be blamed
C. was to blame
D. was to be blamed
7. I think you need some outdoor exercise. Plenty of fresh air will good health.
A. contribute to B. devote to
C. apply to
D. adjust to
8. (2024·东北三校模拟)—What are the workers talking about?
—They are discussing the idea the old worker at the meeting yesterday.
A. put forward B. came up
C. set off
D. brought out
9. The individual word may , but the sentence as a whole makes no sense.
A. take effect B. make sense
C. leave behind
D. let down
10. (2024·杭州模拟) providing entertainment, the website also turns out to be a helpful learning tool.
A. Far from B. Apart from
C. Instead of
D. Regardless of
11. (2024·吉林模拟)I suggested not only to the meeting but also give a speech there.
A. did he go B. his going
C. should he go
D. he should go
12. After all things had been discussed, the meeting waswith the applause.
A. completed B. contained
C. constructed
D. concluded
13. Don’t stop you come to a word or a phrase you don’t know.
A. for the first time B. because
C. every time
D. since
14. As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer tothe problem.
A. handleB. raiseC. faceD. present
15. (2024·唐山模拟)Her uncle made a film his story in his childhood.
A. based on B. was based on
C. basing on
D. to base on
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2024·三明模拟)
This is a story that can teach us a good lesson. One day, a man in rags begged from door to door along the street. With an old wallet in his hand, he was asking for a few coins to buy something to eat. He kept complaining about his bad fortune and kept 1 why those who had so much money were never 2 and were always desiring more.
“As far as I’m concerned, if I had only enough to 3 and to wear, I would not want anything more. ”
Just at that moment Goddess of Fortune, who came down the 4 saw the beggar and said to him,
“Hi, I have wished to 5 you for a long time. Now, open your 6 and I will pour my gold into it. But I will do that only on this 7 :All that falls into the wallet will be pure gold; but every piece falling upon the 8 shall become dust. Do you understand?”
“I see. ” said the beggar.
“Then you should 9 ! It’s obvious that your wallet is a(n) 10 one, so don’t load it too heavily, ” said the Goddess of Fortune.
The excited beggar could hardly 11 to have gold. He quickly opened his wallet, and a 12 of yellow coins was poured into it. The wallet grew heavier and heavier.
“Is that enough? Isn’t it cracking?” asked Goddess of Fortune.
“Never 13 . It’s still strong enough now. ” answered the beggar.
The wallet was filled with so many coins that the beggar’s hands began to 14 . “Ah, if only the golden stream would 15 forever! Just a little more, ” said the beggar,
“ 16 just a handful or two. ”
“There! It’s full. The wallet will 17 . ” warned the Goddess of Fortune, but the beggar requested,
“It will 18 a little more, just a little more. ”
One more piece was added and the wallet split. The 19 fell upon the ground and became dust. The greedy beggar now had 20 but his broken wallet. (338W)
1. A. showing B. explaining
C. proving
D. wondering
2. A. relaxed
B. satisfied
C. worried
D. depressed
3. A. learn B. watch C. eat D. play
4. A. street
B. bridge
C. yard
D. forest
5. A. praise
B. forgive
C. help
D. comfort
6. A. coat
B. pocket
C. box
D. wallet
7. A. occasion
B. suggestion
C. situation
D. condition
8. A. hand
B. feet
C. ground
D. street
9. A. look out
B. look after
C. look up
D. look down
10. A. small
B. empty
C. worn
D. full
11. A. stand
B. wait
C. breathe
D. think
12. A. stream
B. piece
C. pair
D. variety
13. A. stop
B. request
C. fear
D. insist
14. A. spread
B. close
C. loose
D. shake
15. A. pour
B. end
C. dry
D. melt
16. A. take
B. add
C. lend
D. send
17. A. flow
B. burst
C. disappear
D. change
18. A. attract
B. permit
C. include
D. hold
19. A. present
B. food
C. treasure
D. metal
20. A. nothing
B. anything
C. everything
D. something
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
Linus Pauling, the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes, was born in Portland, Oregon. He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962, long after he had received his Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Oregon State College in 1922. He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it.
He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substance. His interest in the “behavior” of molecules(分子)led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts, the amino acids(氨基酸), which are called the “building blocks of life” . In 1950, he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule, a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.
During World WarⅡ, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However, the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules, he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.
From then on, Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bombs and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. (315W)
1. From the first Paragraph, we learn that Linus Pauling.
A. didn’t study hard while in Washington High School
B. is the only scientist who has won two Nobel Prizes
C. was once badly treated in Washington High School
D. chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living
2. Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first?
A. The “behavior” of molecules.
B. Physical chemistry.
C. Biological chemistry.
D. The human body.
3. During World WarⅡ, Linus Pauling.
A. had to stop his research because of the war
B. made great contributions to the safety of the country
C. joined the army to fight for the safety of the country
D. took part in researching nuclear bombs
4. Which of the following is legal according to The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty?
A. The use of nuclear weapons.
B. Testing hydrogen bombs on the ground.
C. Testing hydrogen bombs under the surface of the ground.
D. The production of the hydrogen bombs.
5. The main idea of the passage is to show.
A. Linus Pauling’s attitude towards nuclear weapons
B. Linus Pauling’s contributions to the world
C. Linus Pauling’s research on the structure of molecules
D. Linus Pauling’s getting the Nobel Prize for Peace
【语篇随练】
Ⅰ. 根据完形填空, 写出下面单词或短语的含义
1. in rags2. fortunen.
_________________
3. depressedadj.
_________________
4. load vt.
_________________
Ⅱ. 根据阅读理解, 翻译下列句子
Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.
Ⅲ. 用30个词左右概括阅读理解大意
Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】选B。考查expose的用法。句意:暴露于核辐射下哪怕很短的时间也可能影响到人体内的基因。be exposed to暴露于, 在句中用作主语, 故用动词-ing形式。
2.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意:当他三个小时后回来时, 他们仍坐在沙发上, 聚精会神地交谈。be absorbed in为固定搭配, 意为 “专心于” , 所以此处应用absorb的过去分词形式, 作伴随状语。
3.【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:出国旅游的想法的确吸引了许多中国人。这就是为什么每年都有更多的人申请护照的原因。appeal to对……有吸引力, 符合句意。stick to坚持; contribute to捐献, 促成, 为……作贡献; attend to处理, 对付, 照料。
【变式备选】
I always have so many things towhen I come back to the company after a trip abroad.
A. add to
B. stick to
C. attend to
D. appeal to
【解析】选C。句意:当我每次出国旅行回到公司时, 我总有很多事要处理。attend to处理。add to增加; stick to坚持; appeal to恳求, 请求; 吸引……, 这三项都不符合句意。
4.【解析】选A。句意:你最好把烟戒掉, 汤姆, 你应该知道, 很多疾病都与抽烟有关系。be linked to sth. 与某物有联系, 符合句意。lead to “导致” , 一般不用于被动语态; blame多用于be to blame结构, 表示 “应该受到指责” 。
【变式备选】
You can see programs broadcast by any station because television stations around the country areby satellite.
A. linked
B. combined
C. attached
D. associated
【解析】选A。link意为 “连接; 联系” , 表示 “全国的电视台通过卫星联系在一起” 。combine意为 “(使)联合, (使)结合” ; attach意为 “使附属, 使隶属” ; associate意为 “使联合” 。
5.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:给你治疗咳嗽的那个大夫保证给你治好病。treat治疗; cure治愈; treating you for your cough现在分词短语作定语。
6.【解析】选C。be to blame表示 “应该受责备” , 从结构分析主语应当为the boy, 因此选C。
7.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:我认为你需要些户外锻炼, 足够的新鲜空气有利于健康。contribute to有助于, 导致; devote to奉献; apply to适用; adjust to调节以适应。
8.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:——工人们在谈论什么?——他们在讨论那位老工人昨天在会上提出的想法。put forward提出, 符合句意。come up被提及, 发生; set off出发, 引起; bring out取出, 出版。
【变式备选】
The workers will go on strike if the demands theyare turned down.
A. put aside
B. put through
C. put forward
D. put away
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果工人们提出的要求被拒绝的话, 他们会继续罢工。put forward提出(主意、计划等), 符合句意。put aside把……放在一边; put through给……接通电话; put away把……收起来, 均不符合句意。
9.【解析】选B。句意:单个的单词可能有意义, 但是整个句子没有意义。make sense有意义, 讲得通, 符合句意。take effect生效; leave behind忘带, 留下; let down放下, 使失望。
【变式备选】
—What’s the main idea of the passage, Bob?
—Sorry, I can’t makeof it. It’s beyond my ability.
A. judgement
B. understanding
C. idea
D. sense
【解析】选D。句意:——Bob, 这篇文章的中心思想是什么?——对不起, 我看不懂(这篇文章)。它超出我的能力范围了。make sense of明白, 理解。
10.【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:除了提供娱乐的内容外, 该网站还是一个有用的学习工具。apart from在此处表示 “除……之外(还有)” 。far from远离, 远非; instead of代替, 而不是; regardless of不管, 不顾。
11.【解析】选C。考查suggest的用法和倒装句。句意:我建议他不但要参加这次会议, 而且还要在那儿作报告。not only. . . but also. . . 连接两个并列句子时, not only引导的句子要倒装。再根据前面主句是 “I suggested. . . ” 可以排除A项。因此C项为正确答案。
【变式备选】
Jane’s pale face suggested that sheill, and her parents suggested that she _______ a medical examination.
A. be; should have
B. was; have
C. should be; had
D. was; has
【解析】选B。句中第一个suggest意为 “表明” , 从句不用虚拟语气, 应用过去时态; 第二个suggest意为 “建议” , 从句应用虚拟语气, 本句省略了should。
