2024届高考英语一轮复习课件：必修5 unit1 Great Scientists（新人教版）
答案：with 句意：当小组讨论接近尾声时，一定要以重点而结束。 答案：To stay 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在晚上保持温暖，我会往炉子里添柴，并把闹钟定到午夜以便我可以起来给炉火添柴。to stay为不定式在句中作目的状语。 答案：following 考查with的复合结构。句意：这对老夫妇经常在晚饭后带着他们的宠物狗在公园里散步。在with的复合结构中，宾语their pet dog与宾语补足语之间为主动关系，故用following作宾语补足语。 答案：To find 本题考查非谓语动词。句意：——我希望能上电脑课。——好主意。要想了解更多，浏览这个网站。动词不定式放于句首，作目的状语，符合语境。 答案：A; the 考查冠词。句意：12月6日，一位73岁的妇女死于呼吸衰竭，她被确诊携带H10N8病毒。第一空填不定冠词表泛指；第二空填定冠词表特指。 答案：exposed 考查非谓语动词。句意：处理该化学物质时一定要小心，因为暴露在阳光下，它会爆炸。when后省略了句子的主语it(this chemical)和动词be的形式is，所以填exposed。 答案：unless 考查连词。句意：一些老师抱怨说“许多孩子没有任何爱好，除非你把打电脑游戏叫做一项爱好”。 答案：made 考查非谓语动词作后置定语。观察句子结构，不难发现句子已经有了谓语has had effect on，故应填入非谓语动词。make与speech构成被动关系，结合时间状语so far，故选过去分词，即表被动又表完成。句意：老实说，迄今为止，这是对我最有影响的演讲。 答案：where 考查学生对定语从句关系代词、关系副词的掌握情况。句意：用来种庄稼的土地养活的人口数量比放牧牲口的土地所供养的人口数量要多五倍。先行词为land，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。 答案：that 本题考查定语从句。句意：请把所有申请这个职位的选手的信息发给我们。先行词为information在定语从句中充当动词have的宾语，且前有all修饰，故只能用that。 答案：absorbed 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他三个小时后回来时，他们仍坐在沙发上，聚精会神地交谈。be absorbed in为固定搭配，意为“专心于”，所以此处应用absorb的过去分词形式，作伴随状语。 答案：to blame 问句句意：谁要为发生在美国电影院的枪击案负责？be to blame为固定短语，意为“该受责备”。本身为被动含义，不用于被动语态。 答案：Reducing 句意：缩小贫富之间的差距是这届政府面临的主要挑战之一。 4．It can be foreseen that an organization will be set up so as to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(调查这起交通事故)． 5．Every time he went there, he hoped to find solutions to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(治愈他的疾病)． 6．________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(只有当他知道结果时) will he believe me. 7．The experts suggested that ________ ________ ________ ________(应该采取措施) to handle the water pollution immediately. 8．Some supporting evidence has been found from two other deaths ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(与这种病相关的)． 9．The drinking water ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(已经改善了很多以致人们不再担心) the factories in the neighborhood. 10．________ ________ ________ ________(已经宣布了) that two suspects were arrested in the area on the day of the robbery.
答案：1.put forward 2.are strict with him in his study 3.It can be said with certainty that 4.look into the traffic accident 5.curing him of his disease 6.Only when he knows the result 7.measures should be taken 8.linked to/with this kind of disease 9．has been improved so much that people are no longer worried about 10.It has been announced 5．It doesn't make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want.__________________ 6．Only if a teacher gives permission a student allowed to enter the room.__________________ 7．Your article is well written apart a few spelling mistakes.__________________ 8．The plan was put forward at yesterday's meeting, in my opinion, was quite practical.__________________ 9．That day Tom lost control himself and hit Jack, but later Tom made an apology.__________________
10．Tom suggested that we would not hold such a meeting, but Jenny insisted that it was of great importance.__________________ 答案：1.去掉was 2.draw后加上a 3.on→to 4.stared→staring 5.去掉a 6.permission后加上is 7.apart后加上from 8.去掉plan后的was 9.control后加上of 10.去掉would或would→should 答案： Simon's English teacher is every strict with him and he often puts forward questions for Simon to answer. Apart from this, he suggests Simon draw conclusions from some texts and in this way, Simon absorbs great knowledge from reading. In addition, Simon has his compositions checked and learns from the good articles. Every time Simon wants to give up, he always encourages him not to, because only in this way can he succeed. With the help of the teacher, Simon has made rapid progress.
答案：(1)①have been absorbed ②absorbed many experts' attention (2)①was so absorbed in his work ②So absorbed was Tom in his work ③Absorbed in his work
4．blame vt. 指责；责怪；归咎于 n. 责备；责任；过失 归纳拓展 be to blame应该受到责备(不定式的主动式表被动) the one to blame应该受到责备的那个人 blame ... on ... 把某事归咎于…… blame sb. for doing sth.因做某事责备某人 take/bear the blame for承担(对坏事应负的)责任 put/lay the blame on sb.把责任归咎于某人 ②The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the driver of lorry that should be to blame. →The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the driver of lorry that should ________ ________ ________ ________ it. 警方已经查明这起交通事故的起因，是那位卡车司机应为此事负责。 ③Don't always blame your own failure ________ others. Sometimes you yourself are ________ ________(blame)． 不要总把失败归咎于他人，有时该怪你自己。
④________(blame) for the breakdown of the computer systems, he was in low spirits. 因电脑系统发生故障受到责备，他情绪低落。 答案：①blaming ②take the blame for(＝be responsible for) ③on; to blame ④Blamed 5．defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫 辨析 defeat/beat/win 词汇 用法 defeat 侧重指在战场上打败敌人，其宾语为“人”或“一个团体” beat 可与defeat互换，常用于游戏或比赛中 win 尤指在竞争中获胜，其宾语多为game, war, battle, prize等词，不能是人 答案：①defeated ②beat ③win
6．cure n. 治愈；疗法 vt. 治愈；治疗 归纳拓展 cure sb. of sth.治好某人的(疾病/坏习惯等) a cure for sth.治疗……的方法 答案：cure for；cured of
7．link vt. 连接 n. 联系 归纳拓展 link ... to ... 把……与……连起来 类似表达方式：be related to, be connected with, be associated with
③The police suspected that ________ ________ ________ ________ ________between the two murders. 警方怀疑这两起谋杀案可能有联系。 答案：①linked the accident to speed driving ②are closely linked together ③there may be a link
8．contribute vt. & vi.捐款；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿 归纳拓展 (1)contribute...to...为……捐献……；投稿 contribute to有助于；促进；导致；对……做贡献 (2)contribution n．贡献，捐献 make a contribution/contributions to/towards...为……做贡献
③She ________ an article ________ our magazine. 她给我们的杂志投了一篇稿子。 ④Everyone should ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the environment. 每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。 答案：①contributed；to ②contribute to ③contributed; to ④make a contribution to protecting 1.put forward提出；推荐 归纳拓展 put up举起；张贴 put down 放下；写下；镇压 put on weight增重 put aside 放在一边；留出 put up with忍受；容忍 put off推迟 put on穿上；上演 put out扑灭
答案：①put out ②had put on weight ③put off ④put on ⑤put up ⑥put up with 2．make sense讲得通；有意义 归纳拓展 make sense of理解；明白 a sense of humor/duty/beauty/direction幽默感/责任感/美感/方向感 common sense常识 in a/one sense在某种意义上；在一定程度上 There is no sense(point)in doing sth.做某事无意义
③Dogs ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake. 狗有很好的嗅觉，经常被用于搜寻地震中的幸存者。 ④As far as I'm concerned, there is no sense ________ ________ upset about it now. 就我而言，现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。 答案：①make sense ②makes no sense ③have a very good sense of smell ④in getting
3．be strict with对……严格的 归纳拓展 be strict with sb.对某人严格要求 be strict in sth./in doing sth.对(做)某事严格要求 类似表达方式： be angry with sb.生某人的气 be angry at/about sth.因某事而生气 be tired of厌恶；厌倦
be tired with/from因……而疲倦 be good at擅长 be good for对……有益 be late for迟到 be hard on sb.对某人苛刻 be hard at work勤奋工作 Li Ming is strict with herself and ③________ her work and daily life. She is never ④________ for school, nor is she ⑤________ of her duty as a monitor. She is ⑥________ to every classmate and always ready to help others. She sets us all a good example.
答案：①good ②hard ③in ④late ⑤tired ⑥good/kind 1.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次暴发霍乱时，都有成千上万的惊恐的老百姓病死。 本句中的every time意为“每次”，作连词，引导时间状语从句。 归纳拓展 名词词组the first time, last time, each time, the moment, the instant, the minute, the day等均可作连词使用，引导时间状语从句。 答案：①the moment ②the first time ③every time
2．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的起因，也不知道它的治疗方法。 本句中的neither ... nor ...连接两个并列成分。 归纳拓展 neither ... nor ...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则。类似的还有：not only ... but also ..., either ... or ..., not ... but ...等。 答案：①was ②is ③are 基础知识巩固 答案：connected 本题考查非谓语动词。句意：对那些与家人离得比较远的人来说，个人电脑和电话在保持联系方面很重要。本句中的关键词是stay(保持)，它是一个连系动词，后接形容词作表语。connected是形容词，意为“有联系的，有来往的”，符合句意。stay connected是“stay＋形容词化的过去分词”构成的系表结构。本题中的staying connected和keeping in touch表达同一个意思。 答案：returned 本题考查非谓语动词。句意：生产商定期来收回那些因为质量问题而被退回到我们商店的照相机。return此处意为“退回”，cameras与return之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成的动作。 Unit 1 Great Scientists 必修五 第一部分 基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 课时规范训练 4 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记 1. ___________ n．特征；特性 2．________ vt.& n．连接；联系 3．________ n．柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵 4．________ vt.责备；谴责 n．过失；责备 5．________ vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n．失败 6．________ vt.分析→________ n．分析 7. ________ v．捐献；贡献；捐助→__________ n．贡献 8．________ v．结束；推断出→_________ n．结论；结束 characteristic
link
handle
blame
defeat
analyze
analysis
contribute
contribution
conclude
conclusion
9．___________ adj.热情的；热心的→________ n．热情；热心 10. ________ vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光→________ n．暴露；曝光 11．________ vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃→________ n．拒绝；抑制；驳回 12．________ vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加→________ n．出席者；参与人员 13．________ n．挑战 vt.向……挑战→__________ adj.挑战的；具有挑战性的 enthusiastic
enthusiasm
expose
exposure
reject
rejection
attend
attendee
challenge
challenging
14．________ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心→________ adj.被吸收的；全神贯注的 15．________ vt.污染；弄脏→________ n．污染→________ adj.受污染的；被玷污的 16．________ vt.认为；怀疑 n．被怀疑者；嫌疑犯→________________________ adj.值得怀疑的；可疑的 17．________ vt.宣布；通告→____________ n．公告；宣告；通告→________ n．播音员；广播员 18．________ adj.小心的；谨慎的→___________ n．小心；谨慎→________ n．谨慎；注意；警示 absorb
absorbed
pollute
pollution
polluted
suspect
suspectable/suspicious
announce
announcement
announcer
cautious
cautiousness
caution
19．________ adj.积极的；肯定的→________ n．积极性→(反义词)________ adj.消极的；否定的 20．________ n．治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗→________ adj.可治愈的；可医治的→(反义词)________ adj.不能治愈的；无可救药的 positive
positivity
negative
cure
curable
incurable
B．归类巧记 1．“照看/照顾某人”的多种表达 ①attend (to/on/upon) sb. ②care for sb. ③take care of sb. ④look after sb. 2．表示“观点；态度”的高频形容词荟萃 ①positive 积极的 ②subjective
主观的 ③neutral
中立的 ④objective
客观的 ⑤negative
消极的 ⑥critical
批评的 ⑦doubtful
怀疑的 ⑧approving
满意的
3．ic后缀形容词面面观 ①science→scientific
科学的 ②enthusiasm→enthusiastic
热情的 ③energy→energetic
精力充沛的 ④drama→dramatic
戏剧(性)的 ⑤sympathy→sympathetic
同情的 ⑥romance→romantic
浪漫的
4．名词用作动词的高频词汇集锦 ①handle n．把手→vt.处理 ②nurse n．护士→vt.护理；照顾 ③face n．脸→vt.面对 ④head n．头→vi.前往…… ⑤address n．地址；住处→vt.在……写上地址；对……发表演说 Ⅱ.高频短语 1．提出____________________________ 2．得出结论______________________ 3．使显露；暴露______________________ 4．将……和……联系/连接起来______________________ 5．除……之外；此外 __________________________________ 6．对……严格______________________ 7．讲得通；有意义______________________ 8．有助于；促成；导致______________________ 9．引起；造成；导致______________________ put forward
draw a conclusion
expose...to
link...to...
apart from (＝aside from/in addition to)
be strict with
make sense
contribute to
lead to
10．感染上；传染上______________________ 11．专心于；全神贯注于______________________ 12．该受责备；应承担责任______________________ 13．阻止/防止……免受……______________________ 14．做某事很积极______________________ 15．作进一步的调查______________________ 16．热衷于……；对……充满热情___________________ 17．调查______________________ 18．之后不久_______________________________ 19．慢下来；放慢速度______________________ 20．与……有关______________________ get/be infected with
be absorbed in
be to blame
prevent...from...
be positive in doing sth.
make further investigations
be enthusiastic about
look into
soon afterwards (＝shortly after)
slow down
be linked to(＝be related to)
Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．So many thousands of ________(terrify)people died every time there was ________ outbreak. 每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。 2．It seemed that the water ________ ________ ________. 看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了。 3．Only ________ you put the sun there ________ the movements of other planets in the sky ________ ________. 只有当你把太阳放在中心的位置上，天空中其他行星的位置才说得清。 4．He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets ________(go)round it and only the moon still going round ________ earth. 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。 5．Many retired people can still ________ ________ society with ________ rich experience. 许多退休的老人还能用他们丰富的经验为社会作贡献。 答案：1.terrified; an 2.was to blame 3.if; did; make sense 4.going; the 5. contribute to; their
Ⅳ.语法过关 过去分词作定语和表语 1．Children above 16 are encouraged to take part in these activities specially ________(design) for them. 答案：designed 考查非谓语动词。句意为：16岁以上的孩子应参加一些专门为他们设计的活动。activities与design之间为被动关系，因此用designed作后置定语。
2．The jobless rate remains ________(stick) at 9.6 percent, and the president says more work is needed. 答案：stuck 考查过去分词作表语。句意为：失业率仍然停留在9.6%，总统表示，还需要更多的努力。此处为过去分词作表语，remain为系动词。注意stuck已经形容词化，表示“卡住的，无法移动的，动不了的”。
3．Ang Lee's new film Life of Pi is based on a fantasy adventure novel by Yann Martel ________(publish) in 2001. 答案：published 考查非谓语动词。题干中的a fantasy adventure novel与publish之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词published作后置定语表示完成和被动之意，相当于定语从句that/which was published。 4．A special dance ________(call) horse dance becomes so hot that many famous people can't help copying that. 答案：called 考查非谓语动词。句意为：一种被叫做骑马舞的特殊舞蹈变得如此流行，以至于许多名人都情不自禁地去模仿它。call与A special dance之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用call的过去分词形式，另外“________ horse dance”可以转化为定语从句“which/that is called horse dance”。 5．The county, ________(locate) in the north of Shanxi, has a history of more than 1,400 years. 答案：located 本题考查过去分词作定语。此处应用过去分词短语作定语，修饰The county。 Ⅴ.语篇填空 First he marked on a map the exact places ①________ all the dead people had lived. This gave him ②________ valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the ③________(dead) were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made ④________(far) investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They bad been given free beer and so had not drunk the water ⑤________ the pump. It seemed that the water was ⑥________(blame)．
