2024届高考英语一轮复习知识点专练：情态动词与虚拟语气
情态动词与虚拟语气
一、从下面方框中选择恰当的情态动词填空。
1.If you want to book tickets for the 2024 Olympic Games, just call 00952024. It ________ be simpler.
答案 couldn't
2.According to the school rules, no student ________ go out of the school after 23：00 sharp.
答案 shall
3.—I'm leaving now.
—It's so late. Better stay with me. Call a taxi if you ________.
答案 must
4.She was worried that we ________ get hurt.
答案 might
5.—I am really sorry to say that I ________ have shouted at you the other day.
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself too.
答案 shouldn't
6.—A medical team was sent to Japan by air five hours ago.
—So they ________ have arrived by now. The flight usually takes four hours or so.
答案 must
7.You ________ buy much wine—only three people will come.
答案 needn't
8.The driver tried everything he could think of, but the car just ________ move.
答案 wouldn't
9.It is important to know about the cultural differences that ________ cause problems.
答案 may
10.Don't play with the dog, Jack, for it ________ be dangerous at times.
答案 can
二、根据所提供的情景，用适当的情态动词完成句子。
1.You ________ (drive) if you are drunk, first because it's dangerous and second because it's against the law.
答案 can't/mustn't drive
2.As it turned out to be a small party, we ________ (not dress) up so formally.
答案 needn't have dressed
3.How ________ I help them to understand when they won't listen to me？
答案 can
4.Don't you think it essential that every person of Brazil ________ spare no effort to make contributions to the 2024 FIFA World Cup？
答案 should
5.She ________ comb her hair at the table, even though she knows I don't like it.
答案 will
6.—She looks very happy. She ________ (pass) the exam.
—I guess so. It's not difficult after all.
答案 must have passed
7.—________the new housemaid cook some supper for you, Tom？
—No, tell her I'll eat outside tonight.
答案 Shall
8.—Who has broken the window in my room？
—Who else ________ have done it but your naughty son！
答案 could
9.—My cat's really fat.
—You ________ (not) have given her so much food.
答案 shouldn't
10.I know that you are dieting but you ________ eat at least an apple.
答案 should
三、根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的单词完成句子。
1.包裹整整晚了一周。我多么希望我选择航空邮寄啊。
The parcel was a whole week late.How I wish I ________ airmail instead！(choose)
答案 had chosen
2.——我们需要一个有智慧的人来负责这个项目。——让那个哈佛大学毕业的年轻人试试怎么样？
—We need a man full of wisdom to take charge of the project.
—__________________the young man graduating from Harvard University ________ a try？(have)
答案 Shall; have
3.我很高兴你告诉我昨天的演出取消了。否则的话，我就会白跑一趟了。
I'm glad you told me about yesterday's show being cancelled.Otherwise I ________ all the way for nothing.(travel)
答案 would/could/might have travelled
4.若不是瓢泼大雨的话，我们上周末便会有一个愉快的旅程。
But for the pouring rain，we ________ a pleasant journey last weekend.(have)
答案 would/could have had
5.——知道他什么时候回来吗？——时间应该不会很长，他说只是去取些水果。
——Any idea when he might be back？
——Well, it ________ long.He said he was just going to get some fruit.(be)
答案 shouldn't be
6.Jack是个空谈家，现在应该是采取行动而非夸夸其谈的时候。
Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he ________ something instead of just talking.(do)
答案 should do/did
7.我姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见他了，所以他不可能参加了你的讲座。
My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he ________ your lecture.(attend)
答案 can't/couldn't have attended
8.你本不必亲自来，打一个电话就行了。
You ________ in person；a telephone would have been enough.(come)
答案 needn't have come
9.我真希望你昨天去听音乐会了。
I would rather you ________ to the concert yesterday.(go)
答案 had gone
10.真遗憾！考虑到他的能力和经验，他本来是可以做得更好的。
What a pity! Considering his ability and experience，he ________ better.(do)
答案 could have done
四、语法填空
(2024·大连一模)
One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__ (be) late for school.
There were many people waiting there, __2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __7__ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an exciting conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It's __9__.” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__ (sudden) became friendly to one another.
答案与解析
语篇解读 一个男孩儿追赶公交车，归还一位乘客落下的手提箱……
1.being 考查非谓语动词。about是介词，后面接动词时，动词用动名词形式，故填being。
2.and 考查并列连词。所填词连接并列分句，表示顺承关系，故填and。
3.disappointed 考查词类转换。由空前的and以及anxious可知，此处应填disappoint的形容词形式disappointed (失望的)。
4.to 考查介词短语。next to意为“贴近，紧挨着”，符合语境。
5.caught 考查动词的语态和时态。主语与catch为主谓关系，且此处应用一般过去时表示过去的情况，故填caught。
6.to stop 考查固定用法。refuse to do (sth.)表示“拒绝做某事”，故填to stop。
7.riding 考查keep的用法。keep doing (sth.)表示“一直做某事”，故填riding。
8.Did 考查助动词。句子是一般疑问句，且表示过去的情况，再结合lose可知应填Did。
9.me/mine 考查人称代词/名词性物主代词。由问句可知，此处应填me/mine。“It's me/It's mine.”表示“是我(丢东西了)/是我的箱子”。
10.suddenly 考查词类转换。修饰动词became应用副词，故填suddenly。
五、阅读理解
(2024·重庆卷)
There are many places to go on safari (观赏野生动物) in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana's Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world's most exciting wildlife journeys.
Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.
The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face, it is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.
In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace, with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.
Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，介绍了在非洲骑着马近距离观赏野生动物的奇妙之处。
1.What does the underlined word “They” refer to？
A. Flooded waters.
B. Wildlife journeys.
C. Safari camps.
D. Unique rides.
答案与解析 C 考查代词指代。上两句中谈到了“Several safari camps”给游客提供的服务以及它们的特点，本句又说明它们因为给游客提供美妙的骑马的经历而闻名，因此They指的是上文提到的“Several safari camps”。
2.What does the author find most exciting about a horseback safari？
A. Seeing and feeling the real African life.
B. Enjoying good food and wine at the camp.
C. Hunting large animals just as our ancestors did.
D. Being part of the scene and getting close to animals.
答案与解析 D 考查细节理解。依据第三段的第四、五、六句可知，作者认为坐在马背上近距离接触那些野生动物最让人激动。
3.What does the underlined word “Sedate” probably mean？
A. Wild and romantic.
B. Slow and peaceful.
C. Hungry and thirsty.
D. Active and excited.
答案与解析 B 考查词义猜测。依据上一句中的“a more relaxed and unhurried pace”可知，傍晚的旅程是缓慢的、平静的，故选B项。
4.The author introduces the riding experience in the Okavango Delta mainly by ________.
A. following space order
B. following time order
C. making classifications
D. giving examples
答案与解析 B 考查写作手法。作者在第三段中先说了早上的旅程，第四段涉及晚上的旅程，尾段谈到回到营地，由此可知作者是按时间顺序写的。
六、短文改错
(2024·广西桂林月考)
One day my uncle had been riding a horse in rain when he reached a small restaurant. Wet and cold, and he wanted to warm him very much. However, the restaurant was too crowded with people that he could not get near the fire. “Taking some fish to my horse！” he called out to the waiter. “Sorry, sir. But a horse didn't eat fish！” the waiter answered. “Never mind, just do as I tell you，” my uncle said. The crowd of people felt surprising at the strange order. To see a horse eat fish, all of whom ran out. Have the whole room to himself, my uncle sat down besides the fire and began warming himself.
答案
One day my uncle had been riding a horse in
rain when he reached a small restaurant. Wet and cold,
he wanted to warm
very much. However, the restaurant was
crowded with people that he could not get near the fire. “ some fish to my horse！” he called out to the waiter. “Sorry, sir. But a horse
eat fish！” the waiter answered. “Never mind, just do as I tell you，” my uncle said. The crowd of people felt
at the strange order. To see a horse eat fish, all of
ran out.
the whole room to himself, my uncle sat down
the fire and began warming himself.
情态动词与虚拟语气
一、从下面方框中选择恰当的情态动词填空。
1.If you want to book tickets for the 2024 Olympic Games, just call 00952024. It ________ be simpler.
答案 couldn't
2.According to the school rules, no student ________ go out of the school after 23：00 sharp.
答案 shall
3.—I'm leaving now.
—It's so late. Better stay with me. Call a taxi if you ________.
答案 must
4.She was worried that we ________ get hurt.
答案 might
5.—I am really sorry to say that I ________ have shouted at you the other day.
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself too.
答案 shouldn't
6.—A medical team was sent to Japan by air five hours ago.
—So they ________ have arrived by now. The flight usually takes four hours or so.
答案 must
7.You ________ buy much wine—only three people will come.
答案 needn't
8.The driver tried everything he could think of, but the car just ________ move.
答案 wouldn't
9.It is important to know about the cultural differences that ________ cause problems.
答案 may
10.Don't play with the dog, Jack, for it ________ be dangerous at times.
答案 can
二、根据所提供的情景，用适当的情态动词完成句子。
1.You ________ (drive) if you are drunk, first because it's dangerous and second because it's against the law.
答案 can't/mustn't drive
2.As it turned out to be a small party, we ________ (not dress) up so formally.
答案 needn't have dressed
3.How ________ I help them to understand when they won't listen to me？
答案 can
4.Don't you think it essential that every person of Brazil ________ spare no effort to make contributions to the 2024 FIFA World Cup？
答案 should
5.She ________ comb her hair at the table, even though she knows I don't like it.
答案 will
6.—She looks very happy. She ________ (pass) the exam.
—I guess so. It's not difficult after all.
答案 must have passed
7.—________the new housemaid cook some supper for you, Tom？
—No, tell her I'll eat outside tonight.
答案 Shall
8.—Who has broken the window in my room？
—Who else ________ have done it but your naughty son！
答案 could
9.—My cat's really fat.
—You ________ (not) have given her so much food.
答案 shouldn't
10.I know that you are dieting but you ________ eat at least an apple.
答案 should
三、根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的单词完成句子。
1.包裹整整晚了一周。我多么希望我选择航空邮寄啊。
The parcel was a whole week late.How I wish I ________ airmail instead！(choose)
答案 had chosen
2.——我们需要一个有智慧的人来负责这个项目。——让那个哈佛大学毕业的年轻人试试怎么样？
—We need a man full of wisdom to take charge of the project.
—__________________the young man graduating from Harvard University ________ a try？(have)
答案 Shall; have
3.我很高兴你告诉我昨天的演出取消了。否则的话，我就会白跑一趟了。
I'm glad you told me about yesterday's show being cancelled.Otherwise I ________ all the way for nothing.(travel)
答案 would/could/might have travelled
4.若不是瓢泼大雨的话，我们上周末便会有一个愉快的旅程。
But for the pouring rain，we ________ a pleasant journey last weekend.(have)
答案 would/could have had
5.——知道他什么时候回来吗？——时间应该不会很长，他说只是去取些水果。
——Any idea when he might be back？
——Well, it ________ long.He said he was just going to get some fruit.(be)
答案 shouldn't be
6.Jack是个空谈家，现在应该是采取行动而非夸夸其谈的时候。
Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he ________ something instead of just talking.(do)
答案 should do/did
7.我姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见他了，所以他不可能参加了你的讲座。
My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he ________ your lecture.(attend)
答案 can't/couldn't have attended
8.你本不必亲自来，打一个电话就行了。
You ________ in person；a telephone would have been enough.(come)
答案 needn't have come
9.我真希望你昨天去听音乐会了。
I would rather you ________ to the concert yesterday.(go)
答案 had gone
10.真遗憾！考虑到他的能力和经验，他本来是可以做得更好的。
What a pity! Considering his ability and experience，he ________ better.(do)
答案 could have done
四、语法填空
(2024·大连一模)
One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__ (be) late for school.
There were many people waiting there, __2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __7__ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an exciting conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It's __9__.” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__ (sudden) became friendly to one another.
答案与解析
语篇解读 一个男孩儿追赶公交车，归还一位乘客落下的手提箱……
1.being 考查非谓语动词。about是介词，后面接动词时，动词用动名词形式，故填being。
2.and 考查并列连词。所填词连接并列分句，表示顺承关系，故填and。
3.disappointed 考查词类转换。由空前的and以及anxious可知，此处应填disappoint的形容词形式disappointed (失望的)。
4.to 考查介词短语。next to意为“贴近，紧挨着”，符合语境。
5.caught 考查动词的语态和时态。主语与catch为主谓关系，且此处应用一般过去时表示过去的情况，故填caught。
6.to stop 考查固定用法。refuse to do (sth.)表示“拒绝做某事”，故填to stop。
7.riding 考查keep的用法。keep doing (sth.)表示“一直做某事”，故填riding。
8.Did 考查助动词。句子是一般疑问句，且表示过去的情况，再结合lose可知应填Did。
9.me/mine 考查人称代词/名词性物主代词。由问句可知，此处应填me/mine。“It's me/It's mine.”表示“是我(丢东西了)/是我的箱子”。
10.suddenly 考查词类转换。修饰动词became应用副词，故填suddenly。
五、阅读理解
(2024·重庆卷)
There are many places to go on safari (观赏野生动物) in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana's Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world's most exciting wildlife journeys.
Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.
The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face, it is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.
In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace, with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.
Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，介绍了在非洲骑着马近距离观赏野生动物的奇妙之处。
1.What does the underlined word “They” refer to？
A. Flooded waters.
B. Wildlife journeys.
C. Safari camps.
D. Unique rides.
答案与解析 C 考查代词指代。上两句中谈到了“Several safari camps”给游客提供的服务以及它们的特点，本句又说明它们因为给游客提供美妙的骑马的经历而闻名，因此They指的是上文提到的“Several safari camps”。
2.What does the author find most exciting about a horseback safari？
A. Seeing and feeling the real African life.
B. Enjoying good food and wine at the camp.
C. Hunting large animals just as our ancestors did.
D. Being part of the scene and getting close to animals.
答案与解析 D 考查细节理解。依据第三段的第四、五、六句可知，作者认为坐在马背上近距离接触那些野生动物最让人激动。
3.What does the underlined word “Sedate” probably mean？
A. Wild and romantic.
B. Slow and peaceful.
C. Hungry and thirsty.
D. Active and excited.
答案与解析 B 考查词义猜测。依据上一句中的“a more relaxed and unhurried pace”可知，傍晚的旅程是缓慢的、平静的，故选B项。
4.The author introduces the riding experience in the Okavango Delta mainly by ________.
A. following space order
B. following time order
C. making classifications
D. giving examples
答案与解析 B 考查写作手法。作者在第三段中先说了早上的旅程，第四段涉及晚上的旅程，尾段谈到回到营地，由此可知作者是按时间顺序写的。
六、短文改错
(2024·广西桂林月考)
One day my uncle had been riding a horse in rain when he reached a small restaurant. Wet and cold, and he wanted to warm him very much. However, the restaurant was too crowded with people that he could not get near the fire. “Taking some fish to my horse！” he called out to the waiter. “Sorry, sir. But a horse didn't eat fish！” the waiter answered. “Never mind, just do as I tell you，” my uncle said. The crowd of people felt surprising at the strange order. To see a horse eat fish, all of whom ran out. Have the whole room to himself, my uncle sat down besides the fire and began warming himself.
答案
One day my uncle had been riding a horse in
rain when he reached a small restaurant. Wet and cold,
he wanted to warm
very much. However, the restaurant was
crowded with people that he could not get near the fire. “ some fish to my horse！” he called out to the waiter. “Sorry, sir. But a horse
eat fish！” the waiter answered. “Never mind, just do as I tell you，” my uncle said. The crowd of people felt
at the strange order. To see a horse eat fish, all of
ran out.
the whole room to himself, my uncle sat down
the fire and began warming himself.
