2024届高考英语二轮复习专用素材：Module 4 Great Scientists（外研版必修4）
Module 4 Great Scientists
话题词汇
1.progress n.进步，发展；前进
2.outstanding adj.杰出的；显著的
3.personality n.个性；品格
4.educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的
5.determine vi.确定；决定；下定决心
6.explore v.探索；探测；探险
7.make great contributions to对……做出巨大贡献
8.be honored as被誉为……
9.make efforts to do sth.努力做某事
10.devote oneself to献身于，专心于
经典语篇
根据提示用英语介绍二十世纪杰出的女性之一：海伦·凯勒(Helen Keller)。
内容要点如下：
1.海伦·凯勒：1880年6月出生于美国。她19个月大时，由于生病变得又聋又盲。从此她就生活在黑暗、寂静的世界里。
2.七岁时，她的父母给她找了一名老师——Miss Sullivan。Miss Sullivan在教海伦的过程中遇到了许多困难。由于海伦的坚强意志和智慧以及Miss Sullivan的技巧和耐心，她们克服了种种困难，取得了成功。
3.她完成了大学教育，获得了英语文学学位；致力于盲聋儿童的社会工作；著有多本著作，其中《我的一生》(The Story of My Life)最为著名。
注意：1.介绍须包括所有内容要点，但不要逐条翻译；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使内容连贯；
3.词数100左右。
参考词汇：意志和智慧will and intelligence；技巧和耐心skill and patience；英语文学学位a degree in English literature
佳作欣赏
Helen Keller was one of the greatest women in the 20th century.① She was born in America in June,1880.② When she was nineteen months old，she became blind and deaf because of a serious illness.From then on she lived in darkness and silence.
Her parents were greatly worried.When she was seven，they found a teacher，Miss Sullivan，for her.Miss Sullivan had a lot of difficulties in teaching Helen Keller，who was blind and deaf.With Helen’s strong will and intelligence，combined with her teacher’s skill and patience，they overcame all the difficulties.③ Helen Keller became an able student and graduated from a college.She finally received a university degree in English literature.Later on she devoted all herself to helping the blind and deaf children.She wrote many books and The Story of My Life is a remarkable one.④
思维发散
1.用分词结构连接第①、②两句
Born in America in June,1880，Helen Keller was one of the greatest women in the 20th century.
2.用强调句型改写第③句
It was with Helen’s strong will and intelligence，combined with her teacher’s skill and patience，that they overcame all the difficulties.
3.用非限制性定语从句改写第④句
She wrote many books, among which The Story of My Life is a remarkable one.
Ⅰ.重点单词
A.写作单词
1.leading (adj.)主要的
2.figure (n.)人物
3.breakthrough (n.)突破
4.support (vt.& n.)支持
5.replace (vt.)取代；以……代替
6.quantity (n.)数量
7.quality (n.)质量
8.career (n.)生涯；经历
9.brief (adj.)简短的；简洁的
10.personal (adj.)个人的
11.escape (vi.)逃跑；逃避
12.clear (vi.)(烟雾) 消散
13.educate (vt.)教育
education (n.)教育
14.publish (vt.)出版
publisher (n.)出版人(或机构)
publishing (n.)出版(业)
15.graduate (vi.)毕业
graduation (n.)毕业
B.阅读单词
16.species (n.)(动物或植物的)种
17.yield (n.)产量
18.convert (vt.)改变；转换
19.export (vt.)出口
20.bestseller (n.)畅销书
21.diagnose (vt.)诊断
22.victim (n.)受害者
23.brilliant (n.)聪颖的；才华横溢的
24.partly (adv.)部分地；在一定程度上
25.physical (adj.)身体的
26.rocket (n.)火箭
27.arrow (n.)(弓)箭
28.straight (adj.)直的
29.producer (n.)生产者
production (n.)产量
30.agriculture (n.)农业
agricultural (adj.)农业的
31.original (adj.)原来的；最初的
origin (n.)起源
32.explode (vi.)爆炸
explosion (n.)爆炸；爆炸声
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.bring in引进；带来
2.convert...to...把……转变为……
3.earn one’s living谋生
4.come to power掌权
5.be diagnosed with被诊断患有……疾病
6.as a result of由于……的结果
7.be known for因……而出名/闻名
8.bring up培养；养育
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.
他想，养活世人的关键是更多更快地生产水稻。
2.He thought there was only one way to do this—by crossing different species of rice plant，and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants.
他认为，唯一的办法是使不同种类的水稻杂交，这样就能生产比原先任何一种水稻产量都要高的新品种。
3.Moving in a wheelchair and speaking through a special computer，he has become the voice of science.
靠轮椅来移动并且通过特殊的电脑说话，他(霍金)成为了科学的代言人。
4.Or was he carried miles into space，becoming the world’s first astronaut?
还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航员？
5.The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.
竹管被绑在一根帮助火箭直线运动的长棍上。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Yuan Longping is a 1.leading(lead) figure in the ricegrowing world in China.He was interested in plants from 2.an early age，and he went to study agriculture in college and began crop breeding experiments 3.as a young teacher.Then he brought up a plan to produce 4.more(much) rice by crossing different species of rice plant.He put his plan 5.into practice and the results 6.were published(publish) in China in 1966.In 1970，he discovered a 7.naturally(natural) sterile male rice plant,8.which was a breakthrough.
As a result of Yuan Longping’s discoveries，Chinese rice production rose 9.by 47.5% in the 1990’s,10.and 50,000 square kilometres of rice fields were converted to growing vegetables and other cash crops.Besides，some other countries shared the result of his discoveries.
1
[应试指导] 主谓一致的考查
in quantity大量
quantities of＋名词＋复数谓语动词 许多……
a quantity of＋ 大量……
(1)Quantities of food and tents were sent to earthquakestricken areas from Shandong.
大量的食品和帐篷从山东运往了地震灾区。
(2)My brother bought a large quantity of books.
我弟弟买了大量的书。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①A large quantity of beer was sold(sell) yesterday.
②Large quantities of food are wasted(waste) because of the way it looks.
③—Why does the river around the village smell terrible?
—Because large quantities of water have been polluted(pollute) already.
(2)完成句子
①It’s a lot cheaper if you buy it in quantity(大量地).
②There are large quantities of(大量的) rain in this area.
2
1graduate from从……毕业
graduate in毕业于……专业
2graduation n.毕业
(1)Many college graduates were anxious about the results of the national civil service exam.
很多大学毕业生担忧全国公务员考试的成绩。
(2)I’m 18 years old and will be graduating from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July.
我18岁了，今年七月即将从新星外语学校毕业。
(3)It was my first job after graduation.
这是我毕业后的第一份工作。
多维训练
单句语法填空
(1)On the graduation(graduate) day students will have pictures taken in caps and gowns.
(2) He graduated from Taipei University.
(3)The university graduated(graduate) 500 students last year.
(4)My son hopes to graduate in law so as to become a lawyer.
3 escape v.逃跑，逃离，逃脱get away from；避免，避开avoid；被遗忘to be forgotten，被忽视；n.逃离，逃脱
[应试指导] (1)后跟非谓语动词的考查；(2)熟词新义的考查
1escape＋n./doing sth.逃脱了/避免了……
escape from/out of...从……逃脱
sth.escapes/escaped sb.某事被某人遗忘；未被注意
2a narrow escape九死一生
(1)He escaped from the enemy’s prison.
他从敌人的监狱中逃了出来。
(2)Yesterday，I came across my former classmate，but his name escaped me，which made me embarrassed.
昨天，我碰见了我以前的同学，但是我记不起来他的名字了，这让我很尴尬。
(3)He had a narrow escape.
他九死一生。
[特别提醒]
注意下面两个短语的区别：
escape from prison越狱，指的是一直在监狱中服刑，但是从服刑中逃跑了。
escape prison逃过牢狱之灾，指的是根本就没有进监狱，幸运逃脱了。
多维训练
(1)写出下列句子中escape的汉语意思
①A prisoner has escaped from a jail in northern England.逃离
②The two officers were extremely lucky to escape serious injuries.避开
③It was an actor whose name escaped me for the moment.被忘记
(2)单句语法填空
①She managed to escape from the burning car.
②There is no way to escape doing (do) the work.
4
多维训练
同义句改写
I will support you forever whenever it is.
(1)I will stand by you forever whenever it is.(用stand短语改写)
(2)I will be in favor of you forever whenever it is.(用favor短语改写)
(3)I will be in support of you forever whenever it is.(用support作名词的短语改写)
5
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Briefly (brief) speaking，I’m in support of your idea.
②Here again are today’s headlines in brief.
③Because of its briefness (brief)，autumn in the four seasons of life just had its special rhyme.
(2)完成句子
①Let me tell you briefly what happened.
让我来简要地讲一下所发生的事情吧。
②His remarks were brief and to the point.
他的评论简明扼要。
6
多维训练
(1)短语填空
His not studying hard resulted in his failure in exams and as a result，he was expelled(开除).Though he tried every means to save it，his attempts were without result and he had to drop out of school.
(2)同义句改写
His carelessness resulted in his death.
①His death resulted from his carelessness.
②He died as a result of his carelessness.
③He was careless.As a result，he died.
7 He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.他想，养活世人的关键是更多更快地生产水稻。
本句中的key作“关键”讲，常与介词to搭配，后跟名词或动名词。此外，常与to搭配的名词还有answer，reply，entrance，note，change，solution等。
(1)The key to the whole affairs was his jealousy.
整个事情的症结是因为他忌妒。
(2)He finally got the answer to the algebra problem.
他终于算出了这道代数题的答案。
(3)Scientists are doing their best to find out the solution to this environmental problem.
科学家们正在尽力找到这个环境问题的解决方法。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①The key to solving(solve) the problem between the company and the consumers is to meet(meet) the demands made(make) by the consumers.
②He told us the key to his success in winning the first prize was hard work.
(2)单句改错
I don’t know the key of the puzzle.of→to
8 The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.竹管被绑在一根帮助火箭直线运动的长棍上。
keep的意思为“使处于某种状态”，宾语补足语可以是形容词短语、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、名词及方位副词等。
(1)The other students in the class keep their eyes closed.
班上其他同学都闭着眼睛。
(2)Please keep our classroom clean and bright.
请保持我们的教室干净明亮。
(3)Her illness kept her in bed for a week.
她的病使她卧床一周。
多维训练
单句语法填空
(1)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded(remind) of his own dreams.
(2)Jack is late again.It is typical of him to keep others waiting(wait).
(3)Keep your mouth shut(shut) and your eyes open(open).
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading(主要的) early canal engineers.(2024·全国Ⅰ)
2.Volunteer work at home and abroad with the physically(身体上) and mentally handicapped，the homeless，the elderly and orphans.(2024·广东)
3.We are now looking for volunteers to support(支持) people with learning disabilities to live active lives！(2024·四川)
4.I felt very tired when I got home，and I went straight(直接) to bed.(2024·重庆)
5.On the other hand，soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes(爆炸) out of control.(2024·浙江)
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time.(2024·全国Ⅱ)
2.Most people said this accent sounded “educated(educate)” and “soft”.(2024·广东)
3.It was also much more than we could afford，but far less than the original(origin) asking price.(2024·天津)
