2024版高考英语北师大版《名师伴你行》一轮复习语法练习：专题1 名词和冠词 （含解析）

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．(2024·福建高考)It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first ________ (impress)while what you say just 7 per cent.

　　2．(2024·江西重点中学一联)In the USA the high school graduation ceremony is of great________(important)．

　　3．(2024·河南六市一联)Millions of chairs of this type have been bought since the

　　first one went on sale in________1930s.

　　4．(2024·东北三省四市一模)Some of these writers are doctors，and others are lawyers or ________ (educate)．

　　5．—How can I take the medicine，doctor?

　　—Just follow the________(instruct)on the bottle.

　　6．(2024·山东省实验中学一模)The public high schools often give you a________(choose) of whether you want to wear a uniform or not.

　　7．(2024·太原学段测评)My grandma has passed away，but her actions still encourage me to help________poor.

　　8．(2024·兰州诊断)Too much homework may not only fail to help the students，but on ________ contrary bore them so much that they may lose their interest in studying.

　　9．Smith asked you to repeat ________ phone number ________ second time so that he could set it down.

　　10．(2024·北京西城二模)—Have you seen the film before?

　　—Yes.I saw it on________Christmas Day，but I can't remember the exact year.

　　答案：1.impression　解析：考查名词。句意：据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。此处应填名词impression。

　　2．importance　解析：考查词性转换。is of great importance是固定用法，相当于is very important，意为“非常重要”。故填importance。

　　3．the　解析：考查冠词。固定搭配in the 1930s意为“在20世纪30年代”。

　　4．educators　解析：考查名词。or是并列连词，前面是名词“lawyers”，所以空处应用指人的名词的复数形式。故填educators。

　　5．instructions　解析：考查名词。句意：——医生，我该如何服用这个药？——就按照瓶子上的说明(服药)。定冠词the后接名词，instruct为动词，对应的名词形式为instruction。instruction作“用法说明”讲时，一般用复数。

　　6．choice　解析：考查词性转换。冠词后面常常接名词，且此处指公立高中常常会给你一个选择。故填choose的名词形式choice。

　　7．the　解析：考查冠词。句意：我的奶奶去世了，但是她的行为仍然鼓励我去帮助穷人。“the＋形容词”表示一类人。

　　8．the　解析：考查固定短语。on the contrary是固定短语，意为“相反，反而”。故填the。

　　9．the；a　解析：考查冠词。第一空特指双方都知道的东西，要用定冠词the；第二空表示“再一次”，要用a second time。

　　10．a　解析：考查冠词。句意：——你以前看过这部电影吗？——是的。我是在一个圣诞节看的，但是我不记得确切的年份了。根据句意可知，此处泛指某个圣诞节，没有具体指出是哪一年的，用不定冠词a。

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.________

　　2．(2024·浙江高考短文改错)My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass.________

　　3．(2024·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)One day，little Tony went to shopping center with his parents.________

　　4．(2024·辽宁高考短文改错)We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking.________

　　5．(2024·辽宁高考短文改错)Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.________

　　答案：1.countryside前加the　2.side→sides　3.shopping前加a　4.time→times　5.bark后的a改为an

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　Cold weather can be hard on pets，just like 1.________ can be hard on people.Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter as they are.Some owners will leave their animals outside for 2.________ long period of time,3.________ (think)that all animals are used to living outdoors.This can put their pets in danger of serious illness.4.________ are things you can do to keep your animals warm and safe.

　　Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad.If you have to take them out，stay outside with them.When you're cold enough to go inside，they 5.________(probable)are too.If you must leave them outside，make sure they have a warm，solid shelter 6.________ the wind，thick bedding，and plenty of non－frozen water.

　　If they 7.________ (leave)alone outside，dogs and cats can be very smart in search of warm shelter.They can dig into snow banks 8.________ hide somewhere.Watch them closely when they stay outdoors，and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pets' water.Sometimes 9.________ (own)don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pets can't get anything to drink.Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside,10.________ may contain something unhealthy for them.

　　答案：解题导语：本文讲述了寒冷对动物的影响。动物和人类一样都怕冷，所以不要总是把它们留在外面。

　　1．it　解析：考查代词。这里用it指代前面提到的Cold weather。

　　2．a　解析：考查冠词。a long period of time “很长一段时间”。

　　3．thinking　解析：考查非谓语动词。这里是动词－ing形式作伴随状语。

　　4．There　解析：考查There be句型。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处是There be句型，故填There。

　　5．probably　解析：考查副词。当你冷得要去室内的时候，它们很可能也是这样。修饰谓语，应用副词形式。

　　6．against/from　解析：考查介词。shelter against/from the wind“避风的藏身处”。

　　7．are left　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知，they与leave之间为动宾关系，由上下文的时态可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，即填are left。

　　8．or　解析：考查连词。根据句意可知这里表示选择关系。猫和狗可以钻进雪堆或藏在某处。故填or。

　　9．owners　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，且由空后的don't可知，应填owners。

　　10．which　解析：考查定语从句。先行词为dirty water，且此处为非限制性定语从句，故填which。

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．(2024·福建高考)It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first ________ (impress)while what you say just 7 per cent.

　　2．(2024·江西重点中学一联)In the USA the high school graduation ceremony is of great________(important)．

　　3．(2024·河南六市一联)Millions of chairs of this type have been bought since the

　　first one went on sale in________1930s.

　　4．(2024·东北三省四市一模)Some of these writers are doctors，and others are lawyers or ________ (educate)．

　　5．—How can I take the medicine，doctor?

　　—Just follow the________(instruct)on the bottle.

　　6．(2024·山东省实验中学一模)The public high schools often give you a________(choose) of whether you want to wear a uniform or not.

　　7．(2024·太原学段测评)My grandma has passed away，but her actions still encourage me to help________poor.

　　8．(2024·兰州诊断)Too much homework may not only fail to help the students，but on ________ contrary bore them so much that they may lose their interest in studying.

　　9．Smith asked you to repeat ________ phone number ________ second time so that he could set it down.

　　10．(2024·北京西城二模)—Have you seen the film before?

　　—Yes.I saw it on________Christmas Day，but I can't remember the exact year.

　　答案：1.impression　解析：考查名词。句意：据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。此处应填名词impression。

　　2．importance　解析：考查词性转换。is of great importance是固定用法，相当于is very important，意为“非常重要”。故填importance。

　　3．the　解析：考查冠词。固定搭配in the 1930s意为“在20世纪30年代”。

　　4．educators　解析：考查名词。or是并列连词，前面是名词“lawyers”，所以空处应用指人的名词的复数形式。故填educators。

　　5．instructions　解析：考查名词。句意：——医生，我该如何服用这个药？——就按照瓶子上的说明(服药)。定冠词the后接名词，instruct为动词，对应的名词形式为instruction。instruction作“用法说明”讲时，一般用复数。

　　6．choice　解析：考查词性转换。冠词后面常常接名词，且此处指公立高中常常会给你一个选择。故填choose的名词形式choice。

　　7．the　解析：考查冠词。句意：我的奶奶去世了，但是她的行为仍然鼓励我去帮助穷人。“the＋形容词”表示一类人。

　　8．the　解析：考查固定短语。on the contrary是固定短语，意为“相反，反而”。故填the。

　　9．the；a　解析：考查冠词。第一空特指双方都知道的东西，要用定冠词the；第二空表示“再一次”，要用a second time。

　　10．a　解析：考查冠词。句意：——你以前看过这部电影吗？——是的。我是在一个圣诞节看的，但是我不记得确切的年份了。根据句意可知，此处泛指某个圣诞节，没有具体指出是哪一年的，用不定冠词a。

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.________

　　2．(2024·浙江高考短文改错)My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass.________

　　3．(2024·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)One day，little Tony went to shopping center with his parents.________

　　4．(2024·辽宁高考短文改错)We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking.________

　　5．(2024·辽宁高考短文改错)Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.________

　　答案：1.countryside前加the　2.side→sides　3.shopping前加a　4.time→times　5.bark后的a改为an

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　Cold weather can be hard on pets，just like 1.________ can be hard on people.Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter as they are.Some owners will leave their animals outside for 2.________ long period of time,3.________ (think)that all animals are used to living outdoors.This can put their pets in danger of serious illness.4.________ are things you can do to keep your animals warm and safe.

　　Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad.If you have to take them out，stay outside with them.When you're cold enough to go inside，they 5.________(probable)are too.If you must leave them outside，make sure they have a warm，solid shelter 6.________ the wind，thick bedding，and plenty of non－frozen water.

　　If they 7.________ (leave)alone outside，dogs and cats can be very smart in search of warm shelter.They can dig into snow banks 8.________ hide somewhere.Watch them closely when they stay outdoors，and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pets' water.Sometimes 9.________ (own)don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pets can't get anything to drink.Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside,10.________ may contain something unhealthy for them.

　　答案：解题导语：本文讲述了寒冷对动物的影响。动物和人类一样都怕冷，所以不要总是把它们留在外面。

　　1．it　解析：考查代词。这里用it指代前面提到的Cold weather。

　　2．a　解析：考查冠词。a long period of time “很长一段时间”。

　　3．thinking　解析：考查非谓语动词。这里是动词－ing形式作伴随状语。

　　4．There　解析：考查There be句型。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处是There be句型，故填There。

　　5．probably　解析：考查副词。当你冷得要去室内的时候，它们很可能也是这样。修饰谓语，应用副词形式。

　　6．against/from　解析：考查介词。shelter against/from the wind“避风的藏身处”。

　　7．are left　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知，they与leave之间为动宾关系，由上下文的时态可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，即填are left。

　　8．or　解析：考查连词。根据句意可知这里表示选择关系。猫和狗可以钻进雪堆或藏在某处。故填or。

　　9．owners　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，且由空后的don't可知，应填owners。

　　10．which　解析：考查定语从句。先行词为dirty water，且此处为非限制性定语从句，故填which。