2024届高考英语(北师大版)一轮复习综合训练(课件):Module 3 Unit 8 Adventure

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2024届高考英语(北师大版)一轮复习综合训练(课件):Module 3 Unit 8 Adventure

  二、过去分词(done)常表被动,动作已完成 1.定语

  A.看作定语的分词与被修饰词之间的关系,①存在主动关系用

  现在分词doing;②存在被动关系用过去分词done(表动作已完

  成)或现在分词被动态being done(表被动动作正进行)

  a sleeping baby一个正在睡觉的婴儿

  spoken English英语口语

  the building being built now在建的大楼

  B.部分不及物动词的分词有进行与完成之分,无主动、被动意

  味。如:

  developing country

  发展中的国家

  developed country

  发达的国家

  changing world

  还在变化的世界 changed world

  变化了的世界 falling leaves

  正在下落的叶子 fallen leaves

  落叶 boiling water

  沸水 boiled water

  开过的水 rising sun

  初升的太阳 Risen sun

  升起了的太阳 C.表示人的心理活动的动词如:amuse,surprise,interest,excite,move,please,satisfy,disappoint,worry,tire,frighten,relax,puzzle等,现在分词常修饰物(表使人如何),过去分词常修饰人(表本身如何)。此时的动词已失去动作意义,是形容词。

  excited people激动的人们

  exciting news令人激动的消息 2.表语

  The cup is broken.杯子是破的。

  I am very tired.我很累。 3.宾补

  A.现在分词doing作宾补,常表主动动作正在进行或某一动作或

  状态一直在持续。

  I found him sleeping.我发现他在睡觉。

  We have the lights burning.我们让灯一直开着。

  B.过去分词(done)作宾补强调一被动动作已完成或一种状态,现

  在分词被动态(being done)强调一被动动作正在进行。

  I have my bike repaired.我把自行车拿去修理了。

  We saw shop windows being painted by two workers.

  我看见两个工人正在油漆橱窗。 4.状语

  多表伴随、条件、时间、原因、结果、方式,分词作状语要看

  作状语的动词与句子主语之间的关系。

  A.存在主动关系,用①现在分词一般式doing;②现在分词的完

  成式having done(时间上有先后关系)

  B.存在被动关系用①过去分词done(强调动作已完成);②现在分

  词的被动态being done(强调一被动动作正在进行);③现在分词

  完成式的被动态。having been done(强调一被动动作发生在句子

  谓语动词所表示的动作时间之前)。

  They came into the classroom,singing and dancing.

  他们又唱又跳地进了教室。 Being a student,I must study hard.因为我是学生,我得努力学习。 Having time,I’ll come to see you.有时间的话我会来看你。 Having finished the work,we went out for a walk. 完成工作后我们就出去走了走。 Built in 1900,the bridge is over 100 years old. 这桥建于1900年,有100多年的历史了。 Being repaired now,the car can’t be used.车还在修,现在用不了。 Having been criticized by his teacher,the boy decided to correct his mistakes. 那个小孩受到老师的批评后决定改正错误。 语法专练 1.While watching television,________.

  A.the doorbell rang

  B.the doorbell was rung

  C.I heard the doorbell ring

  D.the doorbell was ringing

  解析:句意为:“我看电视时听到了门铃响了”。watching

  television的逻辑主语只能是人。

  答案:C 2.________from the tallest building,the whole city looks more

  beautiful.

  A.See

  B.Saw

  C.Seeing

  D.Seen

  解析:句意为:站在最高的大楼看整个城市,它显得更美了。

  seen短语作状语与the whole city成被动关系。

  答案:D 3.When we got back,we found the gas________but the door

  remained________.

  A.burned;locked

  B.burned;locking

  C.burning;locked

  D.to burn;locking

  解析:句意为:当我回去时,我发现煤气还是开着的而门仍是

  锁的。burning作宾补与gas成主动关系,而locked作表语与the

  door成被动关系。

  答案:C 4.The radio________tomorrow is Mary’s.

  A.repairing

  B.repaired

  C.to be repaired

  D.being repaired

  解析:句意为:明天要修的收音机是Mary的。repaired表“已修

  了的”,being repaired表“正在被修理的”而to be repaired(不

  定式的被动态)表“被动动作将要进行”。

  答案:C 5.________good,the food sold out soon.

  A.Taste

  B.Tasting

  C.Tasted

  D.To taste

  解析:句意为:这食物味道好,很快就卖光了。taste是系动

  词,没有被动态,故用现在分词作状语。

  答案:B 6.You can’t catch me!Mary shouted,________away.

  A.run

  B.running

  C.to run

  D.ran

  解析:现在分词作伴随状语与Mary成主动关系。

  答案:B 7.________from his accent,he is from Beijing.

  A.Judging

  B.Judged

  C.To judge

  D.Judge

  解析:句意为:根据口音判断,他是北京人。judging from

  (根据……判断),是评注性状语为一固定结构,作状语时,不

  考虑其与主语的关系。

  答案:A 8.________more time,I can do it better.

  A.Given

  B.To give

  C.Be given

  D.Give

  解析:句意为:给我多点时间的话,我会做得更好,given作条

  件状语与I成被动关系。

  答案:A 9.Anyone________to vote must come to the meeting.

  A.wishing

  B.desiring

  C.wished

  D.hoped

  解析:句意为:任何想投票的人必须来参加会议。现在分词短语

  作定语修饰anyone成主动关系,wishing常表不大能实现的愿望。

  答案:B 10.Things________never come again.

  A.lost

  B.losing

  C.lose

  D.have lost

  解析:句意为:覆水难收。lost过去分词作定语修饰things,

  与其成被动关系。

  答案:A 1.________many times,but he still couldn’t understand it.

  A.Having been told

  B.Having told

  C.He had been told

  D.Though he had been told

  解析:but连接的应是两个表转折关系的并列句。选A作状语,

  必须将but去掉。

  答案:C 2.________,I went out for a walk.

  A.There was nothing to do

  B.There being nothing to do

  C.There had nothing to do

  D.I had nothing to do

  解析:句意为:由于没事可做,我出去走了走。C项的句型有错。

  A、D两项均为两完整的句子,与后面句子没有连接词连接成并列

  句或主从句。B项为分词作状语构成了独立主格结构。

  答案:B 3.________an answer,he decided to write another letter to her.

  A.Having not received

  B.Not received

  C.Not having received

  D.Having not received

  解析:句意为:由于没有收到回信,他决定再写一封信给她。

  分词的否定式是在其前面加not。动词receive与主语he成主动

  关系,且时间发生在决定写另一封信这一动作之前。

  答案:C 4.There was a ______expression on his face at the______news.

  A.puzzling;puzzling

  B.puzzled;puzzled

  C.puzzling;puzzled

  D.puzzled;puzzling

  解析:句意为:听到那条令人感到困惑的消息时他脸上显示出

  了迷惑的表情。puzzled表“(自身)困惑的,迷惑的”。Puzzling

  表“令人迷惑/困惑的”。

  答案:D 5.China is a ________ country ________to the Third World.

  A.developing;belonging

  B.developed;belonged

  C.developing;belonged

  D.developed;belonging

  解析:句意为:中国是一个发展中国家,属于第三世界;

  developing表“发展中的”作定语修饰country,现在分词

  belonging也是作定语修饰country,存在主动关系。

  答案:A 【例1】 There are plenty of jobs ________in the western part of

  the country.

  (2008·浙江,12)

  A.present

  B.available

  C.precious

  D.convenient 【解题方法指导】 句意:在那个国家的西部地区有许多工作供你

  选择。present目前的,现在的(作前置定语);出席的,在场的

  (作后置定语);available可用的,可得到的,可达到的;

  precious宝贵的,珍贵的;convenient方便的,便利的。

  答案:B

  教材原文对照

  There were inventions and developments in China which were

  not available in Europe at that time.

  (P26) 【例2】 —How about your journey to Mount Emei?

  —Everything was wonderful except that our car________twice

  on the way.

  (2009·四川,8)

  A.slowed down

  B.broke down

  C.got down

  D.put down 【解题方法指导】 句意:——峨眉山之游感觉如何啊?——其他

  都很好,就是我的车抛锚了两次。slow down放慢(速度),(使)

  减速;break down损坏,(健康等)垮掉,崩溃;get down下来,

  写下,使沮丧;put down记下。

  答案:B

  教材原文对照

  First his two sledges broke down,and then the horses began to

  have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.

  (P28) 【例3】 Some parents are just too protective.They want

  to________their kids from every kind of danger,real or

  imagined.

  (2009·湖北,24)

  A.spot

  B.dismiss

  C.shelter

  D.distinguish 【解题方法指导】 句意:有些父母太保护孩子了。他们极力想为

  他们的孩子顶住来自各方面的危险,无论是真实的还是想象的危

  险。spot看出、注意到;dismiss打发走,解散;shelter袒护,

  庇护,避难;n.庇护所;distinguish区别,辨别。又如:We

  all think we should help the poor and shelter the

  homeless.我们都认为我们应该帮助贫困者,庇护无家可归者。

  答案:C

  教材原文对照

  We’ll teach you survival skills and you’ll learn how to make a

  fire and build your own shelter.

  (P31) 重点单词 1.risk vt.冒……的危险,冒险干 n.冒险,风险;危险的人/事物

  【精讲拓展】

  risk sth.冒……的危险

  risk doing sth.冒险做某事

  at the risk of doing sth.冒着……的风险

  take a risk(to do sth.)冒险做某事

  take the risk of/in sth./doing sth.甘冒(做)某事的风险 Module 3 Unit 8 Adventure 

  【典型例句】

  He risked his life to save the drowning boy.

  他冒着生命危险去救那个溺水的男孩。

  [朗文当代]

  He who risks nothing gains nothing.

  不入虎穴,焉得虎子。

  [朗文当代]

  Whoever you are,don’t take the risk of doing a job like that.

  无论你是谁,都不要冒险做那样一份工作。

  [朗文当代]

  He risked losing his house when his company went bankrupt.

  他的公司破产时,他差点连自己家的房子都保不住了。[剑桥高阶]

  即学即用

  ①He thinks we shouldn’t go ahead with this plan because of the

  ________ of failure.  

  A.future

  B.pressure

  C.worry

  D.risk

  解析:句意:他认为我们不应该执行这个计划,因为失败的风险

  很大。risk指可能存在的危险。

  答案:D 2.differ vi.不同,有区别

  【精讲拓展】

  differ from...in...在……方面与……不同

  differ (with sb.) about/on /over sth.(和某人)就某事意见不同

  be different from sb./sth.in sth.在某方面不同于某人或某物

  make a difference有影响,起主要作用

  make no difference不起作用,没影响,不重要 【典型例句】

  Economists differ on the cause of inflation.

  经济学家们对通货膨胀的原因看法不一。[剑桥高阶]

  His opinion differs entirely from mine.

  他的意见与我的意见完全不同。[朗文当代]

  It makes a great difference to me.这对我很重要。[朗文当代]

  Is there any significant difference in quality between these two

  items?这两件东西在质量方面有显著的差别吗?[剑桥高阶] 即学即用 ②They are different________nature.

  A.in

  B.on

  C.of

  D.with

  解析:句意为:他们本质上有区别。be different in表在……

  方面有所不同。

  答案:A 3.tire vt.疲倦,(使)厌烦,(使)厌倦

  【精讲拓展】

  tire sb.out使某人筋疲力尽

  tiring adj.引起疲劳的,累人的

  tired adj.疲劳的,厌烦的

  be tired of厌烦

  be tired from/with因……而疲倦

  be tired out累坏了 【典型例句】

  I am tired of living in the same area.

  我厌倦了生活在同一地区。

  [朗文当代]

  I am tired from overwork.过度工作使我很疲倦。

  [朗文当代]

  Let the kids run around in the garden and that’ll soon tire them