2024高考英语分类汇编：动词时态和语态
十年高考【2002-2011】英语分类汇编----动词时态和语态-
动词时态和语态在高考中的重点：对
一般现在时般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时
现在完成时现在完成进行时过去完成时过去时
3.考查动词的及物与不及物；
4.考查主动形式表示被动意义；
5.考查动词词组在被动语态中的介词问题；
6.对被动语态习惯句型的考查。
【2011全国卷,23】Planing so far ahead
no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.
A.made
B.is making
C.makes
D.has made
【答案】C
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义—到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示的特征或状态is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选C。
【2011全国卷,24】I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he
polite.
A.was just being
B.will just be
C.had just been
D.would just be
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“我不能确信他是真正感兴趣呢还是仅仅为了表示礼貌。”句前wasn’t sure表明说话的起点是过去时，was really interested和was just being polite都是相一致的过去时。
【2011全国卷,29】When Alice came to, she did not know how long she
there.
A.had been lying
B.has been lying
C.was lying
D.has lain
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“当Alice苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作came to苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选A。
【2011全国卷II,9】If you don't like the drink you
just leave it and try a different one.
A. ordered
B. are ordering
C. will order
D. had ordered
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“如果你不喜欢你所点的饮don't like the drink是现在时，点饮料是过去的动作，因此，用过去时或现在完成时，故选A。
【2011北京卷21】Experiments of this kind
in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
A. have conducted
B. have been conducted
C. had conducted
D. had been conducted
【答案】D
【考点】考查时态和语态首先考虑语态，主语experiment与conduct构成动宾关系，谓语使用被动形式。题干中出现the second war是过去的时间点，before the second war是过去的过去，因此使用过去完成时。2011北京卷23】Tom
in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works
B. worked
C. has been working
D. had been working
【答案】C
【考点】考动词的时态。句意为在过去的三个月里，Tom每天晚上都在图书馆里学习。题干中出现的over the last three months，明显用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。2011北京卷27】——That must have been a long trip.
——Yeah, it
us a whole week to get there.
A. takes
B. has taken
C. took
D. was taking
【答案】C
【考点】考查动词的时态句意为。题干中must have done是对过去的肯定推测，提示时间在过去，A和BD项was taking进行时态表将来，但事实上事情已发生，这与题意不符，因此2011北京卷32】——Bob has gone to California.
——Oh, can you tell me when he
?
A. has left
B. left
C. is leaving
D. would leave
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。句意为“——Bob已经去了加利福尼亚。——噢，你能告诉我他什么时候离开的？”Bob has gone to California，去的动作已经发生过，说明他离开的动作发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时。2011天津卷2011天津卷将来完成时表示持续到将来某时的动作或状态2011上海’m sure you will do better in the test because you
so hard this year.
A. studied B. had studied
C. will study D. have been studying
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“我确信你将在这次考试中取得更好的成绩，因为这一年里你一直用功学习。”前半句I’m sure you will do better交代了时间起点是现在。because引起的状语从句不能用将来时，只能用现在时。this year今年，是个时间段。D项 have been studying表示一直持续到现在的动作现在完成进行时D。
【2011上海
to test our communicative ability.
A. design B. are designed
C. are designing D. are being designed
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。
【解析】句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等时间状语连用。2011山东卷31】When I got on the bus, I
I had left my wallet at home.
A. was realizing
B. realized
C. have realized
D. would realize
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“当我上了车后，我才意识到我把钱包落在家里了。”I had left my wallet at home发生在realized之前，前一句When I got on the bus给出的时间起点是过去时，故选B。
【2011山东卷35】She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child
everything!
A. had been e ating
B. had eaten
C. have eaten
D. have been eating
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“她惊讶地发现冰箱里空空如也；她的孩子把里面的东西全吃光了！”“吃光”这个动作发生在“发现”之前，前一句交代了过去时间，因此选择过去的过去。故选B。
【2011江苏卷21】——I hear you
in a pub. what’s it like?
——Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind.
A.are working
B.will work
C.were working
D.will be working
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“——我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？——咳用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。
【2011江苏卷23】——Tommy is planning to buy a car.
——I know. By next month, he
enough for a used one.
A.
saves
B .saved
C.will save
D. will have saved
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“——Tommy将计划买车。——我知道，到下个月为止，他积攒的钱足够买一辆旧车了。”by next month是将来完成时的标志，全句表示在将来next month之前完成的动作，对将来时间next month产生影响。2011福建卷32】Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they
from China.
A.receive
B.are receiving
C.have received
D.had received
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“上个月，日本政府对来自于中国的援助表示了感谢。”expressed是过去时，接受中国的援助发生在expressed之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。选D。
【2011安徽卷 32】——I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ______on my desk?
——I put it there just now in case you needed it.
A. does it land
B. has it landed
C. will it land
D. had it landed
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“——我并没有要这份名单。为什么我的桌子上放着这东西？——这是我刚刚放的，以备你需要。”I didn’t ask for和I put it there just now都表示过去的动作，很有迷惑性，但Why has it landed on my desk？是到说话时为止的情况，名单在桌面上。现在完成时表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作15】The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant
in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.
A. gave
B. gives
C. was giving
D. had given
【答案】C
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“经理担心着他的助手代替他所举办的资讯发布会。幸运的是，一切进展顺利。”was worried about和everything was going on smoothly都是过去时，排除B选项。经理担心的时候正是助手举办资讯发布会之时，过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作gave表示过去的动作发生过，这与后面everything was going on smoothly不符，因为事情还在进展中，故选C。
【2011四川卷9】All visitors to this village
with kindness.
A. treat
B. are treated
C. are treating
D. had been treated
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。
【解析】句意为“所有到这个村子的来访者都会受到善意的接待。”表示经常性或习惯性的动作，had been treated过去的过去不能用。因此选B。
【2011四川卷19】——What a mistake!
——Yes. I
his doing it another way, but without success.
A.was suggesting
B.will suggest
C.would suggest
D.had suggested
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“——多么严重的错误呀！——是的，我曾经建议他换个方法做，但他没听。”他犯错误发生在过去，我提建议发生在他犯错误之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。这里不是再现当时提建议的情景，故不用was suggesting。选D。
【2011重庆卷21】That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who
the piano upstairs?
A. has played
B. played
C. plays
D. is playing
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“那首乐曲听起来相当熟悉。是谁在楼上弹钢琴？”在听的过程中才发出谁在弹钢琴的疑问，sound用的是现在时，故选D。2011重庆卷31】Look at the pride on Tom’s face. He
to have been praised by the manager just now.
A.seemed
B.seems
C.had seemed
D.is seeming
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。句意为“看Tom脸上骄傲的表情，他似乎刚才受到了经理的表扬。”look at祈使句交代了时间是现在，seem表心理判断，没有进行时态，故选B。2011陕西卷12】His first novel
good reviews since it came out last month.
A.receives
B.is receiving
C.will receive
D.has received
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“他的第一本小说自上个月出版以来受到了好评。”since自从…以来，引导含有过去时的从句时，主句用现在完成时。故选。
in your hand?
——Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.
A had you held
B are you holding
C do you hold
D will you hold
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“——John，你手里拿的是什么？——看，这是给我奶奶的生日礼物。”两人对话以现在时间为参考点，现在(说话人说话时)正在发生
on one of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off India.
A. lands
B. landed
C. has landed
D.had landed
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“在1492年，哥伦布登上了巴哈马群岛，但他误以为是印度的岛屿。”in 1492是过去时的标志，后面叙述的是在这一年里发生的事情。题目没有明确说明登陆是发生在误解之前的动作，排除DIt is the most instructive lecture that I
since I came to this school.
A. attended
B. had attended
C. am attending
D. have attended
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“自从我到这个学校以来，这是我所听到的最有教育意义的演讲。”since自从…以来，引导过去时的从句时，主句用现在完成时。选D。
【2011湖南卷,34】In the near future, more advances in the robot technology
by scentists.
A. are making
B. are made
C. will make
D. will be made
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。
【解析】句意为“在不久的将来，科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进展。”in the near future表明了将来的时间，more advances与 make主谓关系上存在着被动，故选D。
【2011辽宁卷28】I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I
.
A. was doing
B. am doing
C. have done
D. had been doing
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“我一完成眼下正在做的事情就去图书馆。”主句是将来时，时间状语从句用现在时。finish与选项C的have done矛盾，故选B。
【2011辽宁卷34】By the time Jack returned home from England, his son
from college.
A. graduated
B. has graduated
C. had been graduating
D. had graduated
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的时态。
【解析】句意为“当杰克从英国返回家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。”by the time到…时候为止，一般与完成时连用。选D。
