2024届高考英语一轮复习精品课件：高频语法复习5

　　()9.The science and technology are developing rapidly, otherwise we ________ varieties of communication devices today. A．would not have

　　B．do not have

　　C．would have not

　　D．would not have had 9．A。因为句中上文语境指现在事实，otherwise (否则)表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以用would do, 否定式would not do。 ()10.________ your letter，I would have set off two days ago. A．If I could have received

　　B．If I received

　　C．Should I receive

　　D．Had I received

　　10．D。句意：如果我收到你的信，那两天前我就出发了。与过去事实不符，从句谓语动词用had＋done，如果had提前，if要省略。 ()11.If you ________ less money at that time, you ________ with so much trouble. A．wasted; would not meet

　　B．had wasted; would not have met C．would waste; would not meet

　　D．should waste; would not meet 11．B。由句中的时间状语at that time可知这是一个对过去事实进行假设的虚拟条件句。

　　()12.If Mary ________ free tomorrow, she ________ go to the space science show with you.But she will write her essay. A．is; would

　　B．were; would C．is; will

　　D．were; can 12．B。由于条件句中状语tomorrow 的提示，可知这是一个对将来事实进行假设的句子。

　　()13.________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off our sports meet. A．Were

　　B．Should C．Would

　　D．Will 13．B。 与将来事实可能不符的条件句。Should提前if省略。答案A中were可以提前省略If，但是此句应改为：Were it to rain tomorrow, we would have to put off our sports meet。

　　()14.________ come, what ________ you say to him? A．Were the teacher to; would

　　B．Would the teacher; will

　　C．Had the teacher; will

　　D．Should the teacher; do 14．A。考查的是对将来事实的虚拟条件句的省略，及主句的动词形式。

　　()15.What would have happened ________， as far as the end of the forest? A．Tina had run farther

　　B．if Tina should run farther

　　C．had Tina run farther

　　D．if Tina ran farther 15．C。考查对过去事实虚拟的条件句的省略。

　　()16.________ the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily. A．Had it not been for B．It were not for

　　C．If it had not been for D．Were it not for 16．D。were 提前if省略，对现在情况的虚拟。

　　()17.________ so busy，she would come to help you. A．Should my daughter

　　B．Was my daughter not

　　C．If my daughter were not

　　D．If my daughter isn't 17．C。这是与现在事实不符的句式结构。A答案少了be动词。Should my daughter not be so busy；B答案was不能引起if的省略。D答案没有用到虚拟语气。

　　()18.If I ________ plan to do anything I wanted to，I'd like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A．would

　　B．could

　　C．had to

　　D．ought to 18．B。could表示一种能力，或可行性。但实际情况是与之相反。

　　()19. Without the help of my English teacher, I ________ the English exam.

　　A．would not pass B．would not have passed

　　C．would pass D．would have passed 19．B。without的意思为“没有”，表示假设。使用虚拟语气。

　　()20.I did not regret saying what he had done with the money but felt I ________ it in another way.

　　A．could express

　　B．would express C．could have expressed

　　D．must have expressed 20．C。句子意思是“我不后悔说……但是觉得应该以不同的方式表达”，与事实相反。

　　()21. —Don’t you think it necessary that the meeting ________？ —I agree, but the problem is ________he has refused to. A．will not be put off; that B．not be put off; that C．should not put off; what D．should not put off; that 21．B。necessary作形式宾语it的宾语补足语，表示说话人的主观看法。that所引导的宾语从句中的谓语动词常用 “(should)＋动词原形”结构表示主观看法或愿望。使用虚拟语气。

　　()22.Thanks a lot for all your kindness, I don’t think we ________ it without you.

　　A．can manage

　　B．could have managed C．could manage

　　D．can have managed 22．B。“without”表示虚拟条件。使用虚拟语气。

　　()23.—Congratulations!

　　—Thank you. But for your help, we ________ in the experiment. A．will never succeed B．shouldn’t have succeeded C．couldn’t have succeeded D．mustn’t have succeeded 23．C。句子意思：——祝贺！——谢谢你！要不是你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。根据“But for your help”可知要使用虚拟语气，couldn’t have succeeded 意为“本来不可以成功”。

　　()24.________ the help from the doctor，the little boy ________ lost his mother. A．Apart from；should have B．Without；不填 C．But for；would have D．Except for；would have 24．C。含蓄虚拟句。“apart form”相当于“except / besides”；“except for”表示“排除，除了”。

　　()25.It is strange that he ________ act toward his parents like that. A．could

　　B．might

　　C．should

　　D．would 25．C。It is necessary / important / strange that...，谓语动词用should＋动词原形。should在此句式中有表示“竟然”等惊讶的含义。

　　()26.What do you think of Mr. Smith’s proposal that we ________ have a get－together next Saturday? A．would

　　B．不填 C．will

　　D．can 26．B。that引导的从句用作proposal“建议”的同位语，谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”形式。

　　()27.If the safety precautions(措施) against the accidents ________taken in，the miners ________ a chance of surviving then. A．were；would have

　　B．were；will have

　　C．had been；didn't have

　　D．had been；would have had 27．D。句末then“那时”的出现表明事情应该是过去。句意：如果那时事故的安全措施被采纳矿工就有可能生还。

　　()28.—Given more money，we ________ the experiment better. —Don't complain any more. A．will do

　　B．would do

　　C．would have done

　　D．did 28．C。由后句“Don't complain any more”提示得知前面的语境应该是假设而来。且与过去事实不符。

　　()29.Even if he ________ here himself, he ________know what to do. A．were; did not

　　B．was; would not C．were; should not

　　D．was; seldom 29．C。even if引导的让步状语从句中，可用虚拟语气，主句、从句的结构与if所引导的条件从句结构相同。

　　()30.—The traffic was so bad.I ________ home by 6 o'clock，otherwise. —What a pity! Henry was here to see you. A．would be

　　B．might be

　　C．could be

　　D．should have been

　　30．D。“otherwise” 表示否则的含义。虚拟语气。 ()31.Thank you for giving me a hand.I________

　　in the experiment without your valuable help. A．have failed

　　B．will fail C．would have failed

　　D．must have failed 31．C。“without”含蓄虚拟条件句的一种。表示一种虚拟的情况。

　　()32.—Had we been more careful，the accident might not have happened. —But we ________ at that time. A．hadn't

　　B．didn't

　　C．weren't

　　D．might not 32．C。上句使用了虚拟语气“如果我们更小心些，这个事故就不会发生”。第二句but表示转折，相当于“But we were not careful”，陈述事实。故使用陈述语气。 ()33.—Do you mind if I open the window? —________ I feel a bit cold. A．Of course not.

　　B．I’d rather you didn’t. C．Go ahead.

　　D．Why not?

　　33．B。从上下文可以得知这里说话人表示不同意，在would rather 后使用虚拟语气。故选B。 ()34.The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ________ the rules. A．obeyed

　　B．obey

　　C．will obey

　　D．must obey 34．B。insist表示“坚持”，其后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，使用(should)＋动词原形。

　　()35.There was plenty of time.She ________. A．mustn't have hurried B．couldn't have hurried C．must not hurry D．needn't have hurried 35．D。needn't have done 意为“本不必”，即已经做了某事，而实际上不必要。mustn't have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn't have done “不可能已经”。must not do 不可以(用于一般现在时)。

　　()36.The latest data put forward by the states suggested that the business ________ improving. A．was

　　B．be

　　C．being

　　D．should 36．A。该句中suggest意为“表明，暗示”，不使用虚拟语气而是陈述语气。故选A。

　　()37.How I wish every family________ a large house with a beautiful garden! A．has

　　B．had

　　C．will have

　　D．had had 37．B。在wish后的宾语从句中表示与现在相反的事实，谓语动词使用过去式。

　　()17.Stan spent half a year ________ material for his new book. A．to collect

　　B．collect

　　C．collecting

　　D．collected 17．C。本题考查spend的用法。spend ＋时间/金钱＋(in) doing sth。所以答案为C。

　　()18.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ________ as the plane was making a landing. A．seat

　　B．seating C．seated

　　D．to be seating 18．C。因为seat是及物动词，表示“使某人坐下”，所以如果某人坐下，我们需要使用被动，所以答案为C。

　　()19.When they met，Leonards and his enemy were fighting ________ each other. A．killed

　　B．to kill C．killing

　　D．to be killed 19．B。本题考查动词不定式在句中作目的状语。由题意可以看出，他们打架的目的是为了把对方杀死，所以答案为B。

　　()20.Before the invention of aeroplanes，________ in the sky like a bird was only a dream. A．men fly

　　B．to fly C．for flying

　　D．man flew 20．B。本题考查动词不定式作主语的用法。

　　十六、虚拟语气 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ()1.Maybe if I________science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.(2011北京) A．studied

　　B．would study C．had studied

　　D．was studying 1．C。考查错综时间的虚拟语气。从句中的then标志着对过去的虚拟，因此用had studied，而不能被主句中的would be迷惑。 ()2.We________John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.(2011陕西) A．will put

　　B．will have put C．would put

　　D．would have put 2．D。语意：要不是他目前的伤情，我们昨天就会把约翰的名字列到比赛的名单中了。but for表示“要不是”，与含虚拟语气的句子连用。根据yesterday可知此处表示与过去的事实相反，结合选项可知主句中应用would＋have done，故选D。

　　()3.I________sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.(2011天津) A．had come

　　B．was coming C．would come

　　D．would have come 3．D。由句意可知，前半句要表达对过去的虚拟，因此用 would＋have done结构。

　　()4.If Newton lived today，he ________ by what has been discovered in science and technology. A．would have been surprised

　　B．will be surprised

　　C．would be surprised

　　D．is surprised 4．C。句意：如果牛顿现在还活着，他一定会为科学和技术上的发现而感到惊奇。由此可见这是一个虚拟句。对现在的虚拟，主句的谓语动词用would / could / might ＋动词原形。

　　()5.If you had come to the party last night you ________ seen the famous singer. A．had

　　B．has C．will have

　　D．would have 5．D。句意：如果昨晚你来参加晚会的话，就能看见那位著名的歌手了。真实的情况并非如此。所以这是一个虚拟句，对过去情况的虚拟。主句的谓语动词为would / could / might＋have done。 一、英语句子成分概述： 虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望或假设的虚拟情况。虚拟语气中的说话者所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的或是其现实的可能性微乎其微，甚至没有实现的可能性，但有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉，也使用虚拟语气。 二、英语虚拟语气用于条件句中： 1．英语虚拟语气用于条件状语时，主语与从句的动词形式： 四、“虚拟语气”在高考试卷中的考点体现： 高考对虚拟语气考查直接表现在特定语言环境中的用法，名词性从句中的虚拟语气以及在阅读文章中的理解。 中译英：(注意使用虚拟语气) 1．如果你早听取了我的建议，你在英语学习上应该也早取得进步了。 _______________________________________ 2．要是我当时认识你的话，我就借钱给你投资了。 _______________________________________ 1．If you had followed my advice earlier，you would have make great progress in English (learning)． 2．If I had known you，I would have lent you some money to do the investment.

　　3．如果Jason在这儿，我们可以征询他的意见。 _______________________________________ 4．万一发生地震，我们怎么办？ _______________________________________ 5．如果有机会的话，我会去美国继续学习语言的。 _______________________________________ 3．If Jason were here，we could ask him for advice. 4．Should there be an earthquake，what should we do? 5．If I had a chance，I would go further study of language in America. 6．奇怪的是他竟然没告诉我们就走了。 _____________________________________ 7．要是我们邀请了她，她会来的。 _____________________________________ 8．如果我是你，我就会去找他的。 _____________________________________ 6．It was strange that he should leave without telling us. 7．She would have come，if we had invited her. 8．If I were you，I would go to find him. 9．我那天生病了，否则我就参加游行了。 _______________________________________ 10．没有音乐，世界会很沉闷。 _______________________________________ 9．I was ill that day.Otherwise，I would have taken part in the parade. 10．Without music，the world would be a dull place. 十六、虚拟语气 Directions：For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. ()1.________，I would take an umbrella with me. A．Had I been you

　　B．I were you

　　C．I had been you

　　D．Were I you 1．D。句意：如果我是你，我就会带伞去。从后半句判断此句为对现在或将来情况的虚拟，且用到了虚拟条件句的省略和倒装原则。省略if，将 were 前提。

　　()2.I ________ you a more valuable present for your birthday gift.I was short of money at that time. A．would buy

　　B．had bought

　　C．bought

　　D．would have bought 2．D。后一个简单句“I was short of money...time”为真实的情况，而前一个简单句 “I...for your birthday gift”是与过去情况不相符的情况。谓语动词套用了主句虚拟与过去相反的谓语动词形式。

　　()3.It would be impossible for him to leave hospital tomorrow if he ________ first aid when the accident happened. A．hadn’t been given

　　B．wasn’t be given

　　C．shouldn’t be given

　　D．wouldn’t be given

　　3．A。与过去事实相反，if从句的谓语常用过去完成时。 ()4.________ the present unemployment continue, the society would face a more troublesome situation. A．Would

　　B．Should

　　C．Might

　　D．Could 4．B。该题考查虚拟语气if条件从句的省略与倒装的情况，可以还原为：If the present unemployment should continue...。

　　()5.If it ________ for the snow，we ________ the mountain yesterday. A．were not；could have climbed