2024届高考英语一轮复习课时作业12：Unit 2《Healthy eating》（人教版必修3湖北专用）
课时作业(十二) [必修3 Unit 2 Healthy eating]
[限时：30分钟]
Ⅰ.多项选择
1．The children who are addicted to playing computer games are all driven by ________ at first.
A．curiosity
B．benefit
C．surprise
D．satisfaction
2．We are quite sure that we can________our present difficulties and guarantee enough supply of pork in markets.
A．get across
B．get over
C．get away
D．get off
3．A good teacher should leave some time for the students to ________ the knowledge.
A．introduce
B．receive
C．digest
D．accept
4．She looked out of the window, ________ for her lost youth.
A．sighing
B．shouting
C．striving
D．longing
5．My aunt is good at bargaining and she always buys things at a ________.
A．discount
B．cost
C．price
D．benefit
6．I'm very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to ________ my debt in return for certain services.
A．take away
B．cut out
C．write off
D．clear up
7．The man who thought of ________a gas engine with wheels was the inventor of the automobiles.
A．comparing
B．combining
C．competing
D．connecting
8．For the most part, schools are ________ to produce people who fit into society, not people who set out to change it.
A．established
B．designed
C．admitted
D．signed
9．For them, it was very difficult to ________ the town from the hand of the enemy.
A．win out
B．win over
C．win back
D．win through
10．I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we ________fine.
A．look out
B．stay up
C．carry on
D．get along
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
What would you think if I told you I could eat 40 percent more food than other people—eating boxes of ice cream, bowls of noodles and plates of meat—all while losing weight?
You might hate me, thinking I have one of those annoyingly good metabolisms(新陈代谢)that just burn up fat the instant it enters my body.You might wonder if I have an intestinal(肠的)worm, or perhaps an eating disorder.Or maybe you'd just shrug your shoulders and figure I have a rich fantasy life.
You'd be wrong.
For my body to finish such a surprising task, I would have to be a mouse.Not just any mouse, but one lucky enough to be involved in a new study at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
After identifying an enzyme(酶)that allows fat to be stored in the body, scientists fed mice without those enzymes, and found those mice were able to consume far more food than other mice—and still weigh 10 to 15 percent less.
Best of all, the mice that had no enzymes were in very good health, producing baby mice with no problem and generally acting like any other mouse.That's great news for obesity researchers, who think that scientists may figure out a way to prevent the fatmetabolizing(脂肪代谢)enzyme in humans and control weight gain.And such a pill would be very exciting for many people who are struggling to get rid of dangerous extra pounds.
But don't start planning any big dinner just yet. At this point, of course, any pill for humans is but a twinkle(闪烁) in the eye of every medicine company's CEO.More tests are to be made, and eventually humans will be introduced in the test.
But for now，unfortunately，control in diet is still the key.
11．What does “such a surprising task” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Eating a lot of food while losing weight.
B．Burning up fat very quickly.
C．Controlling the diet.
D．Having a rich fantasy life.
12．Why did the author say he/she had to be a mouse in Paragraph 4?
A．Because a mouse can lose weight no matter how much it eats.
B．Because the weight losing tests were made on the mouse.
C．Because the mouse has a very good metabolism.
D．Because the author wants to try the food without the enzyme.
13．In the experiment, the mice without those enzymes
________.
A．were in good condition
B．put on weight
C．became weak
D．could not have baby mice
14．What does the author want to show through the last two paragraphs?
A．You can be free of guilt when having big dinners.
B．Scientists cannot find the key to identifying the
enzyme.
C．Don't overeat before the test is made on humans.
D．It is unnecessary to control weight at present.
B
These fast food restaurants constantly remind us of the American fondness with hamburgers，chips and pizza.But America's reputation as the home of fast food is under threat from the British，according to a research carried out by the BBC in 13 nations among 9,000 people.
Despite fears over obesity，the study found the British are more obsessed with junk food than any other nation.
Almost half of British respondents(参与调查者)said they enjoyed fast food too much to give it up. About 44 percent in the US claimed they would be unable to stop eating burgers，pizzas and chicken wings，making the country second in the world's junk food league. The third place went to the United Arab Emirates，where 35 percent are junkfood lovers.
The research also found that attitudes to food and weight vary wildly around the world. Those in the UK and US believed lack of selfdiscipline was the main factor behind growing waistlines(腰围). They can't deny themselves that hamburger or extra piece of pizza，but “make themselves feel better by washing it down with a diet coke”，the study suggested.
The French，on the other hand，seem to keep a watchful eye on their weight. They get on the scales every day. Only 19 percent of the French surveyed admitted a fondness for fast food.
Thierry Pailleux，of France，from the market research firm that conducted the poll，said the French valued the combination of good food and company. Sharing classic food and time with loved ones is key to the French sensibility. “French people take care of their image as a matter of course. Being thin is part of our culture and a point of pride. We are known for it，” said Pailleux.“On top of this，there is increasing awareness of the devastation(伤害)that obesity can cause to one's health.”
15．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．A study of different attitudes towards fast food.
B．How popular fast food is in foreign countries.
C．Different countries' attitudes towards food and body weight.
D．A study of how popular fast food is in foreign countries.
16．The research shows that ________.
A．Americans are proud of the fast foods they eat
B．those British who love fast foods do not care about their body weight
C．the British would like to think that other foods they eat make up for eating occasional fast food
D．most Americans believe the enjoyment of food is more important than its possible effect on their waistlines
17．What's the meaning of the underlined word “obsessed” in the second paragraph?
A．Crazy.
B．Obese.
C．Opposed.
D．Neutral.
18．Why are，according to Thierry Pailleux，the French less obsessed with fast food than the British and Americans？Because ________.
A．they value their image
B．they have better foods than other countries
C．they value selfdiscipline
D．they are afraid of having an unhealthy diet
Ⅲ.完成句子
阅读下列各小题，根据每句后的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
19．____________________he comes back as he will stay in the USA for a long holiday. (before)
他将在美国度个长假，所以他三个月后才能回来。
20．Since the young man fell into gambling(赌博), the whole family ____________________these years. (debt)
自从那个年轻人迷上赌博，这几年来他的整个家庭都一直负债。
21．____________________in junk shops is an interesting and unforgettable experience sometimes. (pick)
有时，在旧货商店淘旧货是非常有趣和难忘的经历。
22．Mr Black ____________________at 7：30 for the meeting, but he didn't turn up. (ought)
布莱克先生七点半就应该到达会场的，但是他并没有出现。
23．Many of our dreams ____________________ have come true. (consider)
许多过去我们认为不可能的梦想都实现了。
24．He was seen crying when he was coming out of the teacher's office. He ____________________ by the teacher. (scold)
走出老师办公室的时候有人看见他正在哭。他肯定是受到了老师的责骂。
25．I was really anxious about you. You ________________without a word. (leave)
我非常担心你。你不应该一句话都不说就离开家。
26．Our government knows that by no means ____________________ by some satellite. (spy)
我们的政府知道没有办法能够使军队不被某些卫星监视。
27．After so many years of hard work, he ____________________， so he decided to move to the countryside after his retirement. (get)
在这么多年的辛苦工作之后，他厌倦了在城市居住，因此他决定退休后搬到乡村去。
28．Can you imagine him ____________________causing such a big loss to the company? (get)
你能想象在给公司造成这么大的损失之后他没有受到惩罚吗？
答案
课时作业(十二)
Ⅰ.1.A 考查名词词义辨析。curiosity好奇心；benefit利益，好处；satisfaction满意；surprise惊讶。根据句意可知应选A。
2．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们非常确信我们能够克服目前的困难并保证市场有足够的猪肉供应。此处get over表示“克服”。get across被理解，把……讲清楚；get away逃脱，离开；get off从……下来，离开，出发；都与所给句意不符。
3．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个好老师应该留些时间让学生消化知识。digest消化；introduce介绍；receive收到；accept接受。
4．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她看着窗外，为她失去的青春而惋惜。sigh意为“叹气”。
5．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我姑姑擅长讨价还价，她买东西总是能够打折。at a discount意为“打折”。
6．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意： 得知老板同意我可以通过做一些事情来一笔勾销我的债务，我很高兴。write off the debt是指“一笔勾销债务”。
7．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个想到把轮子和马达结合在一起的人就是发明汽车的人。combine…with…意为“把……和……结合在一起”。
8．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大致来说，学校是用来培养能适应社会的人才，而不是培养改造社会的人的。这里用design的被动语态be designed to do sth表示“设计/计划让某人做某事”。
9．C 考查动词短语辨析。win out在竞争中取胜，战胜对方；win over说服；win through克服障碍。win back“赢回，夺回”，符合句意。
10．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我以前常和父母吵架，但现在我们关系融洽了。look out当心；stay up熬夜；carry on继续做，坚持做；get along(on)(与某人)相处得……
Ⅱ.A
想品尝美味又害怕体重增加？休斯敦贝勒医学院的一项实验将会帮你消除这个顾虑。
11．A 信息指代题。此处所说的任务是指第一段中作者指出的大量进食体重还不增加，故选A。
12．B 细节理解题。作者在第四段指出要想多吃还不胖，除非变成休斯敦贝勒医学院减肥实验中所用的那只老鼠，故选B。
13．A 细节判断题。根据第六段第一句话可知，没有酶的老鼠的身体仍然健康如故，能繁育后代，行为与其他老鼠并无两样，故选A。
14．C 推理判断题。文章最后两段说明此类药物仍在开发过程中，还未在人类身上进行实验，目前要想保持体重，关键还是在于不要过量饮食，故选C。
B
全文都在谈论由BBC进行的调查，内容是各国迷恋快餐的人口比例及背后的原因，最后还说了不太喜欢快餐的法国人并分析了原因。
15．D 主旨大意题。全文都在谈论“a research carried out by the BBC”，内容是各国迷恋快餐的人口比例还有背后的原因，最后还说了不太喜欢快餐的法国人并分析了原因，所以D项正确。
16．C 细节理解题。文章开始说了美国式快餐的发源地，但并没表明他们对吃快餐很自豪，所以A项错误。根据第二段可排除B项。根据第四段“They can't deny themselves that hamburger or extra piece of pizza，but ‘make themselves feel better by washing it down with a diet coke’，the study suggested.”看出C项是正确的。原文只是说美国人觉得(忍不住要吃快餐)缺乏自律才导致肥胖，但并不是觉得从吃快餐得到的快乐比对体重的影响更重要。所以D项错误。
17．A 词义猜测题。从本段的前半部分猜出词义。
18．A 细节理解题。由最后一段的“French people take care of their image as a matter of course.”看出答案。
.19.It will be three months before It is/will be＋一段时间＋before…表示“多久以后才能……”，此处用将来时。
20．have been in heavy debt be in heavy debt负债累累。因为有since短语，此处用现在完成时。
21．Picking up some junk 此处动名词作主语。
22．ought to have arrived should/ought to have done“本应该做的事情没有做”，含责备、责难之意。
23．(which were) considered impossible in the past considered sth impossible“认为……不可能”，此处可用定语从句或者过去分词作定语。
24．must have been scolded 对过去的肯定推测用must have done句式。
25．shouldn't have left home
26．can our army avoid being spied on by no means在从句句首，所以用倒装句。“avoid＋v.ing”是固定结构，所以用avoid being spied on。
27．got tired of living in the city get/be tired of对……腻了，厌倦了，烦了。
28．getting away with “imagine＋v.ing”是固定结构；get away with侥幸成功，侥幸逃脱。
