高三英语词法精练：情态动词和虚拟语气（一）

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　　Tom, you _____ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!

　　A. wouldn’t

　　B. mustn’t

　　C. needn’t

　　D. may not

　　It is a good example of a site that many people think _____ to change.

　　A. need

　　B. to need

　　C. needs

　　D. needing

　　I _____ you would come today. You _____ me a phone call in advance.

　　A. don’t expect; should have given

　　B. didn’t expect; could have given

　　C. hadn’t expected; ought to give

　　D. didn’t expect; can have given

　　—Could I borrow your dictionary?

　　-—Yes, of course you _____.

　　A. could

　　B. will C. can

　　D. might

　　If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _____ now.

　　A. wouldn’t be smiling

　　B. couldn’t have smiled

　　C. won’t smile

　　D. didn’t smile

　　Why _____ you always interrupt me?

　　A. must

　　B. may

　　C. can

　　D. will

　　He _____ without saying good-bye to them, for he always has good manners.

　　A. mustn’t have left

　　B. may not leave

　　C. shouldn’t have left

　　D. can’t have left

　　—Don’t forget to take the message to my teacher.

　　—_____.

　　A. Yes, I will

　　B. No, I won’t

　　C. I don’t’ think so

　　D. Sorry, I don’t

　　The poor boy _____ the test again; in that case, his mother will be very disappointed.

　　A. must have failed

　　B. might fail

　　C. could have failed

　　D. should fail

　　— Write to me when you get home.

　　— __________.

　　A. I must

　　B. I should

　　C. I will

　　D. I can

　　Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried chicken just now.

　　A. shouldn’t eat

　　B. mustn’t have eaten

　　C. shouldn’t have eaten

　　D. mustn’t eat

　　I have lost one of my gloves. I _____ it somewhere.

　　A. must drop

　　B. must have dropped

　　C. must be dropping

　　D. must have been dropped

　　The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it ______ be very slow.

　　A. should

　　B. must

　　C. will

　　D. can

　　This cake is very sweet. You _____ a lot of sugar in it.

　　A. should put

　　B. could have put

　　C. might put

　　D. must have put

　　If you listen to me, you ____have some candies, Tommy.

　　A. are able to

　　B. shall

　　C. must

　　D. need

　　In the summer vacation we____ often take a walk along the river.

　　A might

　　B could

　　C would

　　D should

　　--What will you do during winter vacation?

　　--I don’t know, but it’s about time ____ something.

　　A I’m deciding

　　B I’ll decide

　　C I’d decided

　　D I decided

　　I’ve tried several times, but the car just _______.

　　A. doesn’t start

　　B. wouldn’t start

　　C. won’t start

　　D. didn’t start

　　Sorry I’m late. I ______ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.

　　A. might

　　B. should

　　C. can

　　D. will

　　—We need a person badly to think up such an idea.

　　—_______ the new comer have a try?

　　A. Shall

　　B. May

　　C. Should

　　D. Need

　　—Is there any flight to Tokyo today?

　　— I think there _____, for the weather is too bad.

　　A. mustn’t be

　　B. mightn’t be

　　C. needn’t be

　　D. can’t be

　　—Is there a fog in the evening?

　　—There _______ be. I’ll make a phone call to find it out.

　　A. must

　　B. would

　　C. will

　　D. might

　　—I hear you have written a novel.

　　—Yes, the book ________ be out in a month or so.

　　A. can

　　B. dare

　　C. should

　　D. need

　　—Why didn’t you attend the lecture yesterday?

　　—I didn’t think that we _______ on Sundays.

　　A. should

　　B. ought to have

　　C. shouldn’t have

　　D. will have to

　　He _______ Shanghai, for I saw him talking with the headmaster a moment ago.

　　A. must have gone to

　　B. can’t have gone to

　　C. mustn’t have been to

　　D. can’t have been to

　　She is too slow. She ________ pass the test, but she __________ too little.

　　A. would; knew

　　B. will; knows

　　C. would; knows

　　D. will; knew

　　--What do you think of it?

　　--I think it is a thing of importance that it ____ done soon.

　　A. is

　　B. is to be

　　C. be

　　D. to be

　　Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _____ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?

　　A. can

　　B. should

　　C. may

　　D. must

　　You _____ pay your library fines. If not, you _____ not be allowed to graduate.

　　A. may; should

　　B. should; need

　　C. must; will

　　D. will; can

　　The pilot kept calm in the terrible storm, otherwise the accident ______.

　　A. couldn’t be prevented

　　B. mustn’t have prevented

　　C. wouldn’t have been prevented

　　D. shouldn’t prevent

　　My aunt _____ here by now, for she took the early bus.

　　A. must arrive

　　B. can arrive

　　C. may arrive

　　D. ought to have arrived

　　You _____ phone him if you want to, but you _____! He will surely phone you.

　　A. may; mustn’t

　　B. have to; needn’t

　　C. can; needn’t

　　D. can; doesn’t need

　　— Is John coming by train?

　　— He should, but he ______ not. He likes driving his car.

　　A. must

　　B. can

　　C. need

　　D. may

　　I ______ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.

　　A. shouldn’t

　　B. couldn’t

　　C. mustn’t

　　D. needn’t

　　We ____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.

　　A must have studied

　　B might study

　　C should have studied

　　D would study

　　Jane’s pale face suggested that she ____ ill, and her parents suggested that she ____ a medical examination.

　　A be; should have

　　B was; have

　　C should be; had

　　D was; has

　　Haven’t I told you that you __________ have the answer tomorrow morning?

　　A. will

　　B. shall

　　C. should

　　D. would

　　—I went to work on foot yesterday, though it _________ cats and dogs.

　　—You __________ by bus. It was likely to get a cold.

　　A. is raining; must have gone

　　B. rained; would go

　　C. was mining; should have gone

　　D. have rained; could have gone

　　—Mum, I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf.

　　—My goodness! You _______ yourself. You ______ do that next time.

　　A. must have hurt; mustn’t

　　B. should have hurt; can’t

　　C. may have hurt; mustn’t

　　D. might have hurt; won’t be able to

　　—Look, John’s fallen asleep.

　　— Oh, he _______ too late last night.

　　A. might sit up

　　B. should have sat up

　　C. could sit up

　　D. must have sat up

　　—Why hasn’t the speaker turned up?

　　—He _________ the flight. I’ll find it out at once.

　　A. must have missed

　　B. might have missed

　　C. would have missed

　　D. could have missed

　　The biggest problem for most plants, which ______ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.

　　A. shan’t

　　B. can’t

　　C. needn’t

　　D. mustn’t

　　My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where

　　I have put it?

　　A. can

　　B. must

　　C. should

　　D. would

　　—Why am I so slow at doing the cloze test?

　　—I guess you didn’t realize the use _____ the contexts.

　　A. you should have made of

　　B. you must have made from

　　C. of which you could have from

　　D. out of which you need make

　　—May I speak to the patient now?

　　—No, you _____. He is too weak now.

　　A. needn’t

　　B. may not C. mustn’t

　　D. oughtn’t

　　—You know that you were driving at 100 kilometers per hour, don’t you?

　　—No, officer, I _____ have been. This car can’t do more than 80.

　　A. mustn’t

　　B. shouldn’t C. may not

　　D. couldn’t

　　—I didn’t see her yesterday.

　　—Of course, you _____, because she had gone to a trip.

　　A. can’t

　　B. may not have

　　C. can’t have

　　D. mustn’t have

　　The boy stood there without _____ a word.

　　A. dare to say

　　B. daring to say

　　C. dared to say

　　D. dare say

　　His homework______, but it _____.

　　A. needs correcting; needn’t rewriting

　　B. need be corrected; doesn’t need to be rewriting

　　C. needs correcting; needn’t be rewritten

　　D. needs to be corrected; needn’t to be rewritten

　　--- Why is Jenny still standing there? It’s so cold.

　　—She _____ for someone.

　　A. can wait

　　B. might have waited

　　C. must be waiting

　　D. should have waited

　　He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ______ a goal.

　　A. had scored

　　B. scored

　　C. would score

　　D. would have scored

　　Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter _____ go and do the opposite!

　　A. may

　　B. can

　　C. must

　　D. should

　　If I ________ plan to do anything I wanted to. I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.

　　A. would

　　B. could

　　C. had to

　　D. ought to

　　-Is there any flight to New York today?

　　--I think there ____ be, for the weather is too bad.

　　A mustn’t

　　B may not

　　C shouldn’t

　　D can’t

　　参考答案与解析

　　本句是一个主从复合句，主句含有情态动词can，动作go还未发生，属于将来时；因此，when引导的时间状语从句要用现在时；当go动作发生时，finish动作已经完成了，故选 C。当然，空格出还可以用finish。如：

　　She will go to bed when she has done/ finishes her homework.

　　You can go to play football if you have finished your work.

　　此题考查need的用法，还要理清句子结构。that前是个主句，that引导的是个定语从句，其先行词是a site，定语从句中谓语动词应该用单数needs，many people think是插入语，空格处是谓语部分。插入语经常被出题人放在题目中，使句子复杂化，增加句子的难度，做题时可以把插入语去掉，便于理解句子结构。

　　need既可用作情态动词也可用作行为动词，主要用法如下：

　　①作情态动词时表示“需要；必须”，后面当然跟动词原形，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，否定式是needn’t，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should代替，如：

　　You needn’t buy the book.

　　—Need I finish the work today?

　　—Yes, you must.

　　② 作行为动词时，有时态、人称和数的变化，后面跟to do，否定形式要用don’t/doesn’t/didn’t need，如：

　　He needs to finish it this evening.

　　③ need用作行为动词时，后面还可以跟动名词或名词，此时含义跟need后面用不定式的含义不一样。“need +动名词”含有被动意义，类似这样的用法还有有want, require，如：

　　Our classroom needs cleaning. = Our classroom needs to be cleaned. 既可用作情态动词也可用作行为动词的还有dare。

　　考查情态动词时态。题干意思是“我没料到你今天会来。你该事先打电话来”，表示“本没料到”用过去时，后面用情态动词+完成时表示对过去的虚拟，本来可以做某事而实际上没有做。情态动词+进行时表示目前正在进行的动作或状态。

　　本题中的could也表示请求（而非表示过去时），语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应该用can（即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中），如：

　　—Could I come to see you tomorrow morning?