2024届高考英语二轮复习专题（江苏专用）：书面表达

由雕龙文库 分享时间：2024-03-30 20:17:26 收藏本文

　　第五部分书面表达

　　《普通高中英语课程标准》对语言技能目标(八级)“写”的要求如下：(1)能根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要；(2)能根据文字及图表提供的信息写短文或报告；(3)能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度；(4)能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺。从要求来看，书面表达是综合性很强的题目，目的是考查学生的英语表达能力，看其是否能够运用所学的英语知识和掌握的技能进行思想交流。因此，考生应做到：(1)主题明确；(2)内容充实；(3)结构合理；(4)逻辑性强；(5)语言准确得体。

　　2024—2024高考江苏卷书面表达出题形式、体裁和话题等一览表

　　年份写作类型出题形式体裁话题词数要求

　　2024 材料＋图形＋提纲半开放文字提示、图形议论文交通现状及产生的原因 150左右

　　2024 提纲式文字信息类半开放文字提示议论文评价英语词汇进入中文词典的现象 150左右

　　2024 看图写作半开放图画夹叙夹议行动胜于语言 150左右

　　通过对近三年高考英语书面表达题的分析发现，考查内容在从传统的单纯知识型向现代创新能力型转变，写作文体以议论文为主，半开放类占主流。这充分体现了现代高考旨在考查考生能否在体验现代生活发展节奏、把握时代脉搏的同时，将所学知识与具体实践结合起来并灵活运用的能力。考查特点归纳如下：

　　1．写作体裁与知识的实际运用密切结合

　　近三年的江苏卷以议论文为主，对日常生活中发生的现象进行评析。写作话题贴近实际生活，突出了对考生处理现实生活实际问题的能力的考查。

　　2．突出考查考生的想象力和创新能力

　　近三年的书面表达的写作内容都是来自于生活的真实情景。需要考生根据自身的生活阅历展开合理想象，创设合情合理的语境。

　　3．半开放式已成主流

　　近几年来，江苏卷书面表达全部为半开放式写作。这种考查形式使考生不完全受“提示形式”和“内容要点”的限制可以适当发挥。但这同时也对考生的写作能力提出了更高的要求。

　　4．高考趋势

　　从高考书面表达的发展趋势看，2024年高考书面表达在体裁和题材上应该会保持相对稳定，写作类型及提示形式也不会有太大的变化。

　　一、13类常见失分点

　　1．主谓不一致

　　(1)Three years have passed before we knew it.[误]

　　Three years has passed before we knew it.[正]

　　(2)Every man and every woman like surfing the Internet here.[误]

　　Every man and every woman likes surfing the Internet here.[正]

　　(3)Many a student have chatted online.[误]

　　Many a student has chatted online.[正]

　　2．时态不一致

　　(1)They talked and talked and soon the bus comes.[误]

　　They talked and talked and soon the bus came.[正]

　　(2)He said that he will come to see me soon.[误]

　　He said that he would come to see me soon.[正]

　　(3)If you had come earlier，you would see the actress yesterday.[误]

　　If you had come earlier，you would have seen the actress yesterday.[正]

　　3．词类误用

　　(1)She seated herself in the sofa and went sleep.[误]

　　She seated herself in the sofa and went asleep.[正]

　　(2)After the work，we went home，tiredly and hungry.[误]

　　After the work，we went home，tired and hungry.[正]

　　(3)Her kind and generosity made me feel at home.[误]

　　Her kindness and generosity made me feel at home.[正]

　　4．逻辑不一致

　　(1)I’m eager to show you around some places of interest，but some culture centers.[误]

　　I’m eager to show you around some places of interest，or some culture centers.[正]

　　(2)He went to her and gave her the present he had bought，and she refused to take it and went away.[误]

　　He went to her and gave her the present he had bought，but she refused to take it and went away.[正]

　　(3)Next time you look at a person，see if his or her face is red and pale.[误]

　　Next time you look at a person，see if his or her face is red or pale.[正]

　　5．代词替代不一致

　　(1)There are so many flowers in the flower shop that I don’t know what to buy.[误]

　　There are so many flowers in the flower shop that I don’t know which to buy.[正]

　　(2)It is us that are to blame for the result because we are too careless.[误]

　　It is we that are to blame for the result because we are too careless.[正]

　　(3)She took many photos during her stay in Beijing and showed it to me.[误]

　　She took many photos during her stay in Beijing and showed them to me.[正]

　　6．介词多余

　　(1)Work hard，and you will make it at some time.[误]

　　Work hard，and you will make it some time.[正]

　　(2)At the first time she came to see me，I was doing some reading.[误]

　　The first time she came to see me，I was doing some reading.[正]

　　(3)Considering about everything，the plan is quite practical.[误]

　　Considering everything，the plan is quite practical.[正]

　　7．连词多余

　　(1)She sent me an email，asking whether how I was getting along with my classmates.[误]

　　She sent me an email，asking how I was getting along with my classmates.[正]

　　(2)If one more minute，and we can do it easily.[误]

　　One more minute，and we can do it easily.[正]

　　(3)Because you gave us timely help，so we finished it on time.[误]

　　Because you gave us timely help，we finished it on time.[正]

　　8．冠词多余

　　(1)As we know，the Sunday is the first day of a week.[误]

　　As we know，Sunday is the first day of a week.[正]

　　(2)I prefer this kind of a fruit.[误]

　　I prefer this kind of fruit.[正]

　　(3)Our teacher usually tells us to behave well in the public places.[误]

　　Our teacher usually tells us to behave well in public places.[正]

　　9．句子成分短缺

　　(1)We all strongly against the suggestion put forward at the meeting.[误]

　　We are all strongly against the suggestion put forward at the meeting.[正]

　　(2)What known to all is that cars have become a popular means of transport.[误]

　　What is known to all is that cars have become a popular means of transport.[正]

　　(3)What puzzles you actually a puzzle for many parents in China.[误]

　　What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China.[正]

　　10．及物与不及物动词误用

　　(1)All flights this morning have put off because of the thick fog.[误]

　　All flights this morning have been put off because of the thick fog.[正]

　　(2)The teacher caught me cheating in the exam，but he didn’t punish for it.[误]

　　The teacher caught me cheating in the exam，but he didn’t punish me for it.[正]

　　(3)It is known that everything depends the sunlight for growth.[误]

　　It is known that everything depends on the sunlight for growth.[正]

　　11．非谓语动词误用

　　(1)He admitted to make a mistake.[误]

　　He admitted making a mistake.[正]

　　(2)She objects to be treated like a child.[误]

　　She objects to being treated like a child.[正]

　　(3)I regret saying that I can’t help you for I have many things to do.[误]

　　I regret to say that I can’t help you for I have many things to do.[正]

　　(4)The desk needs to repair.[误]

　　The desk needs repairing./The desk needs to be repaired.[正]

　　(5)My parents expect me to study science and becoming a scientist.[误]

　　My parents expect me to study science and become a scientist.[正]

　　(6)They were made work hard all day long.[误]

　　They were made to work hard all day long.[正]

　　(7)I find it easy to be done.[误]

　　I find it easy to do.[正]

　　(8)Comparing with you，I still have a long way to go.[误]

　　Compared with you，I still have a long way to go.[正]

　　(9)Everything taking into consideration，it is a good plan.[误]

　　Everything taken into consideration，it is a good plan.[正]

　　12．搭配错误

　　(1)As time going by，more and more people prefer a healthy diet.[误]

　　With time going by，more and more people prefer a healthy diet.[正]

　　(2)The bridge is in construction.[误]

　　The bridge is under construction.[正]

　　(3)So far as I am concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution.[误]

　　As far as I am concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution.[正]

　　(4)The thief ran to the direction of the hill.[误]

　　The thief ran in the direction of the hill.[正]

　　(5)It is no doubt that drinking too much is harmful to health.[误]

　　There is no doubt that drinking too much is harmful to health.[正]

　　(6)It wasn’t long when we got to the cinema.[误]

　　It wasn’t long before we got to the cinema.[正]

　　13．汉语式表达

　　(1)This is my first time visit to Beijing.[误]

　　This is my first visit to Beijing.[正]

　　(2)I like Taiji and it is my most favorite sport.[误]

　　I like Taiji and it is my favorite sport.[正]

　　(3)Our school is two miles far away from here，so you’d better take a taxi.[误]

　　Our school is two miles away from here，so you’d better take a taxi.[正]

　　(4)After he returned back，he began to work at once.[误]

　　After he returned，he began to work at once.[正]

　　(5)Of the two objects，I prefer the blue one better.[误]

　　Of the two objects，I prefer the blue one.[正]

　　二、高分技巧

　　1．恰当使用连词、连接副词等连接句子，可使文章逻辑性强，结构紧凑，层次清晰，意义贯通。

　　Last Sunday，when my parents went out shopping，I suddenly got an idea: why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning？Firstly I collected all the books，newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place.Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture.After that，I swept and mopped the floors.(2024·陕西)

　　2．恰当选用“贴切、地道的高级词汇”。

　　从书面表达的评分标准可知，运用高级词汇对提高书面表达的“档次”和得分至关重要。通过构词法变化来的新词、使用同(近)义词或反义词来代替常见的词语是选用恰当词汇的有效途径。如下表所列近义词，用高级词汇代替普通词汇，会取得比较好的效果。

　　普通词汇高级词汇普通词汇高级词汇

　　think of come up with，occur to，have an idea explain account for

　　thank appreciate most the majority of

　　should be supposed to look after attend to

　　be＋adj. be of＋n. least the minority of

　　like be crazy about，be absorbed in，be addicted to as long as on condition that

　　different various，a variety of tired be worn out

　　busy be engaged in during in the course of

　　tell inform sb.of，inform sb.that sometimes occasionally，once in a while

　　3.适当使用含有“较为丰富的语法结构”的高级句式。

　　感叹句、独立主格结构、特殊句式、名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等都属于较复杂的“语法结构”。这些结构的正确、交替使用，可以使文章的语言充满层次感，从而较好地反映作者的语言运用能力。此外，正确使用一些谚语也能给文章增色不少。

　　(1)感叹句

　　①What a meaningful day it was！(2024·北京，书面表达二)

　　这是多么有意义的一天啊！

　　②How happy I will be！How I wish I could be younger than now！(2024·重庆，写作一)

　　我太开心了！我多么希望能够比现在年轻一点！

　　(2)独立主格结构

　　In the picture，a boy is fully absorbed in a book made of bamboo，with several more scrolls lying on one end of his desk.(2024·福建)

　　图画中，一个男孩在全神贯注地读一本由竹子做成的书，桌子的一边放着很多卷书。

　　(3)特殊句式

　　①Can you tell us when and where？(2024·安徽)

　　你能告诉我们什么时间以及在哪里吗？

　　②It shows that it is hard work and determination rather than outer conditions that play a vital role in shaping a great mind.(2024·福建)

　　这表明成为一个伟大人物的决定因素是艰苦的工作及毅力而不是外部条件。

　　③It is the people who obey the rules that matter.(2024·江苏)

　　重要的是遵守这些规则的人们。

　　④Not only do they offer you joy and excitement，but also they encourage you to think critically.(2024·天津)

　　它们不仅可以让你们开心和兴奋，而且还激励你们进行批判性思考。

　　(4)名词性从句

　　①I wonder if you’d like to go with me.(2024·北京，书面表达一)

　　我想知道你是否愿意和我一起去。

　　②With the development of medical technology，we can detect whether people have major illnesses and predict whether people have a preference for food by using saliva sample，and remind people to take appropriate exercise.(2024·广东，基础写作)

　　随着医疗技术的发展，我们能诊断人们是否得了什么重要疾病并能通过唾液样本预测人们对食物的偏好，同时提醒人们进行适当的锻炼。

　　③It is just what I want.(2024·四川)

　　这正是我想要的。

　　④I would appreciate it if you could give me more information.(2024·重庆，写作二)

　　如果你能提供更多的信息我将不胜感激。

　　(5)定语从句

　　①If they often cheat in the exams，they will form a bad habit，which will have a bad effect on their life.(2024·广东，读写任务)

　　如果他们在考试中经常作弊，他们就会养成一个坏习惯，这将会对他们的生活产生坏的影响。

　　②From this experience I have learned that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.(2024·湖北)

　　这次经历使我明白了质疑是帮助我们探寻真理的桥梁。

　　③My teacher may think I am excellent and that I can do well in my study，which can make me more confident.(2024·湖南)

　　我的老师可能认为我优秀并能学好习，这样能使我更加自信。