2024年高考英语冲刺抢分训练集12
2024高考英语冲刺抢分训练集12
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1．diet n．日常饮食 vi. 节食
be/go on a diet
put sb. on a diet用规定的食谱，控制饮食
a diet of sth. 多得令人生厌的事物
[即学即练1] (1)___________________________ is not good for you.太油腻的食物对你不利。
(2)The doctors all suggest I _______________________ .医生们都建议我节食。
Too rich a diet
go on a diet
比较：diet 既可指习惯上常用的食品，又可指规定的食物，特指维持健康的定质定量的食物；food是“食物”的一般用语，指任何能吃的且有营养的东西。
2．balance vt.&vi.&n.平衡
balanced adj. 平稳的，安定的，和谐的
in the balance 悬而未决
the balance of forces 力量对比
out of balance 失去平衡
keep one's balance 保持平衡，保持镇静
lose one's balance 失去平衡，失去镇静
throw sb. off the balance 使某人失去平衡，使某人慌乱
balance the good and evil of things
权衡事物的好坏两方面
[即学即练2](1)We must ______________ the good and evil of things.我们必须权衡事物的好坏两个方面。
(2)The acrobat __________________ on the high rope.
杂技演员在高处的绳子上使自己保持平衡。
(3)It is difficult to __________________________ on an icy pavement.人行道上结了冰，要想不摔倒可不容易。
(4)How long can you _______________ on one foot?
你能单脚站立多久？
balance
,
balanced himself
,
keep one’s balance
,
balance
3．lie n．谎话；谎言 vt.&vi.说谎；躺，处于(某位置)
tell a lie/lies 说谎[反]tell the truth 说实话
a white lie 善意的谎言
a big lie 弥天大谎
lie to sb.向某人撒谎
lie in 在于；处于
lie down 躺下；屈服
lie on one's side/back/stomach 侧卧/仰卧/俯卧
There lies... 某地有……
提示：易混词形变化：
lie撒谎→lied→lied
躺→lay→lain→lying
lay 放；产卵→laid→laid→laying
[即学即练3](1)The boy must be a spy and was
__________________.这男孩子一定是个间谍且在说谎。
(2)You are ______ and lies cannot cover up facts.
你在说谎，但谎言掩盖不了事实。
(3)He was ______ in the shade of the tree.
他正躺在树荫下。
(4)The factory ____________ the west of the town.
工厂在镇的西边。
telling a lie ,
lying ,
lying
,
lies to
(5)Don't ______ your coat on the bed.
不要把你的外衣放在床上。
(6)Birds, fishes, and insects ____________________.
鸟下蛋，鱼和昆虫产卵。
lay
,
lay eggs
4．consult vt.&vi. 向……咨询；查阅
consultant n．会诊医生；顾问
consulting adj. 咨询的；顾问的
consult sb. about sth. 向某人请教某事
consult a book (a dictionary )查书(字典)
consult with sb. 同某人商量
a consulting engineer 顾问工程师
[即学即练4](1)You'd better ______ a doctor ______ your illness.你最好找医生咨询一下你的病情。
(2)Before a decision has been made, you'd better __________________. 在作决定之前，最好找你父亲商量一下。
(3)When you take a geography exam, you may
__________________.参加地理考试时，你可以查阅地图。
(4)He is ________________________ his advisor.
他正同他的顾问磋商事情。
consult
,
about
,
consult your father
,
consult a map
,
consulting with
5．limit n．界限；限度 v．限制；限定
limited adj. 有限的
limitation n. 限制；限制条件，不足之处
go beyond/over the limit 超过限度
within limits 在一定范围内；有限度的
within the limits of 在……的范围内
without limit 无限(制)地
set a limit to sth. 对……规定限度
be limited to sth. 受限制于……
limit sth. to sth. 把……限定在……的范围内
[即学即练5](1)I've ____________________ 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.
我试着减肥，限定自己每天摄入1 000卡的热量。
(2)A wise man knows his own ______________.
人贵有自知之明。
(3)As we all know, a person's life is ______， but knowledge is _________________.
＝As we all know, there is ____________________ a person's life but ____________________ knowledge.
我们都知道，人的生命是有限的，而知识却是无限的。
limited myself to
,
limitations
,
limited
,
unlimited
,
a limit to
,
no limit to
6．benefit n．利益，实惠；优越性
vt.&vi.得益；使……受益
benefit sb./someplace 使某人/某地受益
benefit from/by sth.
receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事
be of great/much benefit to sb.
＝be very beneficial to sb. 对某人有好处
for the benefit of...为了帮助……；为了……的利益
[即学即练6](1)The new hospital will ________the entire community.这所新医院将使整个社区受益。
(2)I __________ much ______ my father's advice.
我从父亲的建议中获益颇多。
(3)Moderate exercise will be _______________________ you.适度运动对你有很多益处。
(4)She went there _______________________________ her health.她为了健康而去了那里。
benefit
,
benefited
,
from
,
of much benefit to
,
for the benefit of
7．combine vt. & vi. (使)联合；(使)结合
combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物)
combine into... 联合成……
combine...with... 把……与……结合起来
a combination of... 一种……的结合(物)
in combination with 与……联合起来
[即学即练7](1)Some films _________ education ______ recreation.有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。
(2)The two small shops _________ to make a large one.
这两个小店合并起来成为了一个大商店。
(3)Pink is ________________________ red and white.
粉红色是红色与白色的混合色。
combine
,
with
,
combined
,
a combination of
8．get away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚
get rid of 摆脱；除去
get about 走动；旅行；(消息等)传开来
get across (使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚
get on/along well with... 与……相处得好；进展得好
get away from 逃脱；离开
get down (从……)下来；写下；使沮丧
get down to doing sth. 开始认真地做某事
get in 收获；插话
get in touch with 与……取得联系
get into the habit of 染上……的习惯
get into trouble 陷入困境
get out (of...) (使)出去；离开；逃脱；摆脱
get over 爬过(墙等)；克服(困难等)；从……中恢复过来
get through 办完；花完(钱、时间等)；(使)通过；接通电话
[即学即练8](1)I won't have you _______________________ cheating in the exam.
我不能容忍你考试作弊而不受惩罚。
(2)He was so lucky to __________________________ only a fine for such a serious mistake.
他犯了如此严重的错误，侥幸只被罚款了事。
(3)How can I _________________________________ the flies in the kitchen？我怎样才能把厨房里的苍蝇消灭掉？
(4)He's not very good at __________ his ideas _________.
他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想。
getting away with
,
get away with
,
get rid of
,
getting
,
across
9．in debt负债
be in heavy debt负债累累
be in debt to sb.欠某人债
pay off all the debts还清债务(动作)
be out of debt不欠债(状态)
get/run into debt陷入债务
[即学即练9](1)In my opinion, the elegant woman with long hair can’t have been _______________________.
在我看来，那位优雅的长发女士不可能负债累累。
(2)Being __________________________ makes Tom a light mood.还清了债务使得汤姆心情轻松。
(3)The couple worked hard day and night in order to ________________________________.
为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。
in heavy debt
,
out of debt
,
pay off all their debts
10．cut down 砍倒，使倒下；削减，压缩；减价
[即学即练10](1)He used to _______________ trees, but he plants trees now.他过去砍树，而现在植树。
(2)I have to __________________________.我得少抽烟。
(3)AIDS __________________________ at an early age.
艾滋病较早地夺去了他的生命。
(4)He was asking $100 for the vase, but I
____________________________________ $75.
这个花瓶要价100美元，但我砍到了75美元。
cut down
,
cut down smoking
,
cut him down
,
cut him down to
拓展：cut across走捷径，穿过去
cut in插话；让某人分享利润
cut off中止，切断；隔绝
cut out删除；裁剪
cut up劈碎，切碎；使难过；(严重地)割伤
cut short突然停止，中断(活动)
cut through穿过；克服；避开；剪断
易 错 点 拨 自我完善•误区备考
1. strength/force/energy/power
(1)strength 指固有的潜力。说人时，指“力气”；说物时，指“强度”。也可指“强项，长处”。
(2)force 主要指自然界的力量，暴力，势力以及法律、道德或感情的力量，军事的力量等。
(3)energy 主要指人的精力或自然界的能量。
(4)power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能；也可指人或机器等事物潜在的或所能发挥出来的力量；还可指职权、权力或政权。
[应用1] 用 energy/power/force和 strength 填空。
(1)Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of __________.
(2)The party came to __________ at the last election.
(3)Gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles, not by ___________.
(4)Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ___________.
energy
,
power
,
force
,
strength
2. join/combine/unite/connect
(1)join 侧重把原来不相连接的事物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。也指把分散的人或几个部分的人联合起来，或加入到某团体中去。短语：join up联合起来；join...to/and...连接。
(2)combine 指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起。短语： combine with 与……结合。
(3)unite 指联合、团结、结合在一起，构成一个整体。
(4)connect 指两事物在某一点上相连接，但彼此又保持独立。短语：connect...to/with 与……相连；be connected with与……有关系。
[应用2] 用 join, combine, unite, connect的恰当形式填空。
(1)__________， we'll stand; divided, we'll die.
(2)Efforts and confidence _________ to make a full man.
(3)This path __________ the highway up ahead.
(4)This railway ____________ London and Edinburgh.
United
,
combine
,
joins
,
connects
3. glare/glance/stare/gaze/glimpse
(1)glare侧重含有敌对情绪的“怒视”。
(2)glance指快速地“一扫”“一瞥”。
(3)stare指睁大眼睛出神地看或注视，凝视，多出于惊讶、好奇、羡慕等，有时是粗鲁无礼的。
(4)gaze多指由于喜爱、憧憬或快乐而长时间无意识地注视。
(5)glimpse无意识地一瞥，看到粗略印象，强调结果。
[应用3] (1)The policeman ____________ the thief as he drove past.
(2)They ___________ at each other for a long time, after the quarrel.
(3)It’s impolite to ___________ at foreign guests in the street.
(4)He __________ at her and left hurriedly.
(5)The girl likes lying on her back and __________ at the stars above.
glimpsed
,
glared
,
stare
,
glanced
,
gazing
自我测评•技能备考
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．If you have a good d____________， you may always feel fit and healthy.
2．Sorry, this box is too heavy. I don't have the s________ to lift it.
3．Out of c_____________， I asked an impolite question, “May I know your age？”
