2024高考英语总复习(江苏专用牛津译林版)语法专项智能闯关:六、情态动词和虚拟语气

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2024高考英语总复习(江苏专用牛津译林版)语法专项智能闯关:六、情态动词和虚拟语气

  Ⅰ.单项填空

  1.(2024·临沂质量检测)—You didn’t wait for Elizabeth last night,did you?

  —Yes,but we __________.She didn’t come at all.

  A.don’t have toB.needn’t have

  C.need to

  D.should have

  解析:选B。考查情态动词。句意为:——你昨天晚上没有等到伊丽莎白,是吗?——是的,但是我们本没有必要等。她根本就没来。根据语境可知,此处表示本没有必要做某事,故用needn’t have done。即B项正确。

  2.(2024·青岛市统一检测)—We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.

  —Sorry,I __________.I have another appointment.

  A.won’t B.shan’t

  C.can’t

  D.mustn’t

  解析:选C。考查情态动词用法。根据下文“I have another appointment”可知,我不可能留下来吃午饭。can’t意为“不可能”,符合题意。

  3.(2024·淄博模拟)You __________ read a book in the sun—it’ll do harm to your eyes.

  A.couldn’t

  B.wouldn’t

  C.needn’t

  D.mustn’t

  解析:选D。考查情态动词用法。句意为:你不要在太阳下看书,那样对眼睛不好。couldn’t意为“不能;无法”;wouldn’t表示不会;needn’t意为“不必”;mustn’t表示不允许。故D项正确。

  4.(2024·山东省实验中学诊断)Do you know Herbie?I’m always running into him;he __________ live nearby.

  A.would

  B.need

  C.must

  D.should

  解析:选C。考查情态动词。句意为:你认识Herbie吗?我总是遇见他,他肯定住在附近。表示比较肯定的推测用must。故选C。

  5.(2024·泰安一轮质量检测)When he was there,he __________ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.

  A.must

  B.should

  C.would

  D.might

  解析:选C。考查情态动词。句意为:当他还在那儿时,每天下班后都会去街角的咖啡店。根据语境可知此处应用过去将来时,即would正确。

  6.(2024·德州模拟)A hiking trip really sounds very exciting.However,it __________ be very tiring and even dangerous sometimes.

  A.will

  B.should

  C.must

  D.can

  解析:选D。考查情态动词。句意为:远足旅游听起来真是让人兴奋不已。然而,它有时也非常累人甚至很危险。can表示一时的可能性。故D项正确。

  7.(2024·济宁模拟)—Tom is very upset.I wish I __________ him the disappointing news.

  —I told you not to,but you wouldn’t listen.

  A.didn’t tell

  B.hadn’t told

  C.haven’t told

  D.wouldn’t tell

  解析:选B。当wish后面的宾语从句中,表示与过去的事实相反的假设时,谓语动词要用“had done”的形式。而本题正是表示与过去的事实相反的假设,故选B。

  8.(2024·滨州模拟)—Jane didn’t show up last night,did she?

  —No.She __________.We had changed our plan.

  A.shouldn’t have come

  B.didn’t need to come

  C.needn’t have come

  D.needn’t come

  解析:选B。shouldn’t have done意为“(过去)本不该做某事(实际做了)”needn’t have done意为“(过去)本不必做某事(实际做了)”。根据语境知我们早改变了计划,因此她没必要来的。故B项正确。needn’t do中need是情态动词,时态与语境不符。

  9.(2024·临沂期中)—I ________ thank you enough for what you have done for me.

  —You’re welcome.

  A.may not

  B.will not

  C.must not

  D.cannot

  解析:选D。句意:——你为我所做的一切我感激不尽。——别客气。cannot...enough/cannot...too...再……也不为过,固定搭配。

  10.(2024·宁波十校联考)What a pity!If I had caught that flight,I________over the Pacific Ocean now.

  A.would fly

  B.would have flown

  C.would be flying

  D.were flying

  解析:选C。句意:真遗憾。如果我赶上了那趟航班,我现在正在太平洋上空飞行呢。根据句意可知该句用虚拟语气;根据主句中的now可知,主句用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气;根据句意可知,是对“此刻”情况的推测,所以C项正确。

  Ⅱ.选词填空

  1.You __________ not park your car here.It is in the way.

  答案:must

  2.My father was playing football on the playground just now.He __________ be home now.

  答案:can’t

  3.You are late again.You __________ go to school earlier next time.

  答案:should

  4.It was very dark.Lily didn’t __________ to go by herself.

  答案:dare

  5.I __________ prefer not to go out today.

  答案:would

  6.—I have been standing all the day.

  —__________ I get a chair for you?

  答案:Shall

  7.—Are you able to use the computer skillfully?

  —Yes,sir.I __________.

  答案:can

  8.Lily __________ go to America next year,but I am not sure.

  答案:might

  9.As we all known that oil __________ float on water.

  答案:will

  10.You __________ tell him what happened today.I will tell him in person.

  答案:needn’t

  Ⅲ.单句改错

  1.He feels as if he is floating on a cloud.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  2.The law says that drivers can’t drive after drinking.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  3.He will recover soon.You can’t worry about him.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  4.You can be tired—you’ve been working for four hours.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  5.Our suggestion is that you are the first to go.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  6.The poor little boy could never able to see or hear again.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  7.A few years ago I might afford to bring my wife to this place for dinner.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  8.Why can he do it that way?

  ________________________________________________________________________

  9.I felt very lonely when I traveled in Chengdu alone.I must have taken my family.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  10.We may not thank you too much for what you’ve done for us.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  11.You mustn’t do the exercise if you don’t want to.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  12.He mustn’t have been to Beijing before because he knows nothing about it.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  13.You can’t return the dictionary now.You can keep it till next week if you like.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  14.Dare you to tell your parents about your school records?

  ________________________________________________________________________

  15.She told him he ought not do it.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  1.解析:as if引导的表语从句表示与现在正在发生的事实相反时,用过去进行时。

  答案:is改为were

  2.解析:can’t表示“不能”,但这里是表示“严禁”酒后驾车,故用语气更强烈的mustn’t。

  答案:can’t改为mustn’t

  3.解析:由句意可知,这里要表达“你没必要担心”。

  答案:can’t改为needn’t

  4.解析:表示肯定的推测用must,can表示推测时,常用于否定句和疑问句。

  答案:can改为must

  5.解析:suggestion后的表语从句中要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。

  答案:are改为be

  6.解析:could不能与able to连用,could相当于was/were able to。

  答案:could改为was

  7.解析:afford与can,could,be able to连用,表示“能负担得起……”。

  答案:might改为could

  8.解析:must在句中表示强烈的语气,意为“偏偏、偏要”。

  答案:can改为must

  9.解析:根据句意可知应用should have done,表示本应该做某事却没做,must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测。

  答案:must改为should

  10.解析:can not...too表示“无论怎样……都不过分”,为固定结构。

  答案:may 改为can

  11.解析:mustn’t表示“禁止”,needn’t表示“没有必要”,符合句意。

  答案:mustn’t改为needn’t

  12.解析:表示对过去情况的否定推测,用can’t have done。

  答案:mustn’t改为can’t

  13.解析:needn’t“不必”,符合句意。

  答案:can’t改为needn’t

  14.解析:此处dare作情态动词用,后面要接动词原形。

  答案:去掉to

  15.解析:ought to do sth.“应该做某事”,否定式为ought not to do。

  答案:not后加to

  Ⅰ.单项填空

  1.(2024·临沂质量检测)—You didn’t wait for Elizabeth last night,did you?

  —Yes,but we __________.She didn’t come at all.

  A.don’t have toB.needn’t have

  C.need to

  D.should have

  解析:选B。考查情态动词。句意为:——你昨天晚上没有等到伊丽莎白,是吗?——是的,但是我们本没有必要等。她根本就没来。根据语境可知,此处表示本没有必要做某事,故用needn’t have done。即B项正确。

  2.(2024·青岛市统一检测)—We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.

  —Sorry,I __________.I have another appointment.

  A.won’t B.shan’t

  C.can’t

  D.mustn’t

  解析:选C。考查情态动词用法。根据下文“I have another appointment”可知,我不可能留下来吃午饭。can’t意为“不可能”,符合题意。

  3.(2024·淄博模拟)You __________ read a book in the sun—it’ll do harm to your eyes.

  A.couldn’t

  B.wouldn’t

  C.needn’t

  D.mustn’t

  解析:选D。考查情态动词用法。句意为:你不要在太阳下看书,那样对眼睛不好。couldn’t意为“不能;无法”;wouldn’t表示不会;needn’t意为“不必”;mustn’t表示不允许。故D项正确。

  4.(2024·山东省实验中学诊断)Do you know Herbie?I’m always running into him;he __________ live nearby.

  A.would

  B.need

  C.must

  D.should

  解析:选C。考查情态动词。句意为:你认识Herbie吗?我总是遇见他,他肯定住在附近。表示比较肯定的推测用must。故选C。

  5.(2024·泰安一轮质量检测)When he was there,he __________ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.

  A.must

  B.should

  C.would

  D.might

  解析:选C。考查情态动词。句意为:当他还在那儿时,每天下班后都会去街角的咖啡店。根据语境可知此处应用过去将来时,即would正确。

  6.(2024·德州模拟)A hiking trip really sounds very exciting.However,it __________ be very tiring and even dangerous sometimes.

  A.will

  B.should

  C.must

  D.can

  解析:选D。考查情态动词。句意为:远足旅游听起来真是让人兴奋不已。然而,它有时也非常累人甚至很危险。can表示一时的可能性。故D项正确。

  7.(2024·济宁模拟)—Tom is very upset.I wish I __________ him the disappointing news.

  —I told you not to,but you wouldn’t listen.

  A.didn’t tell

  B.hadn’t told

  C.haven’t told

  D.wouldn’t tell

  解析:选B。当wish后面的宾语从句中,表示与过去的事实相反的假设时,谓语动词要用“had done”的形式。而本题正是表示与过去的事实相反的假设,故选B。

  8.(2024·滨州模拟)—Jane didn’t show up last night,did she?

  —No.She __________.We had changed our plan.

  A.shouldn’t have come

  B.didn’t need to come

  C.needn’t have come

  D.needn’t come

  解析:选B。shouldn’t have done意为“(过去)本不该做某事(实际做了)”needn’t have done意为“(过去)本不必做某事(实际做了)”。根据语境知我们早改变了计划,因此她没必要来的。故B项正确。needn’t do中need是情态动词,时态与语境不符。

  9.(2024·临沂期中)—I ________ thank you enough for what you have done for me.

  —You’re welcome.

  A.may not

  B.will not

  C.must not

  D.cannot

  解析:选D。句意:——你为我所做的一切我感激不尽。——别客气。cannot...enough/cannot...too...再……也不为过,固定搭配。

  10.(2024·宁波十校联考)What a pity!If I had caught that flight,I________over the Pacific Ocean now.

  A.would fly

  B.would have flown

  C.would be flying

  D.were flying

  解析:选C。句意:真遗憾。如果我赶上了那趟航班,我现在正在太平洋上空飞行呢。根据句意可知该句用虚拟语气;根据主句中的now可知,主句用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气;根据句意可知,是对“此刻”情况的推测,所以C项正确。

  Ⅱ.选词填空

  1.You __________ not park your car here.It is in the way.

  答案:must

  2.My father was playing football on the playground just now.He __________ be home now.

  答案:can’t

  3.You are late again.You __________ go to school earlier next time.

  答案:should

  4.It was very dark.Lily didn’t __________ to go by herself.

  答案:dare

  5.I __________ prefer not to go out today.

  答案:would

  6.—I have been standing all the day.

  —__________ I get a chair for you?

  答案:Shall

  7.—Are you able to use the computer skillfully?

  —Yes,sir.I __________.

  答案:can

  8.Lily __________ go to America next year,but I am not sure.

  答案:might

  9.As we all known that oil __________ float on water.

  答案:will

  10.You __________ tell him what happened today.I will tell him in person.

  答案:needn’t

  Ⅲ.单句改错

  1.He feels as if he is floating on a cloud.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  2.The law says that drivers can’t drive after drinking.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  3.He will recover soon.You can’t worry about him.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  4.You can be tired—you’ve been working for four hours.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  5.Our suggestion is that you are the first to go.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  6.The poor little boy could never able to see or hear again.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  7.A few years ago I might afford to bring my wife to this place for dinner.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  8.Why can he do it that way?

  ________________________________________________________________________

  9.I felt very lonely when I traveled in Chengdu alone.I must have taken my family.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  10.We may not thank you too much for what you’ve done for us.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  11.You mustn’t do the exercise if you don’t want to.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  12.He mustn’t have been to Beijing before because he knows nothing about it.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  13.You can’t return the dictionary now.You can keep it till next week if you like.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  14.Dare you to tell your parents about your school records?

  ________________________________________________________________________

  15.She told him he ought not do it.

  ________________________________________________________________________

  1.解析:as if引导的表语从句表示与现在正在发生的事实相反时,用过去进行时。

  答案:is改为were

  2.解析:can’t表示“不能”,但这里是表示“严禁”酒后驾车,故用语气更强烈的mustn’t。

  答案:can’t改为mustn’t

  3.解析:由句意可知,这里要表达“你没必要担心”。

  答案:can’t改为needn’t

  4.解析:表示肯定的推测用must,can表示推测时,常用于否定句和疑问句。

  答案:can改为must

  5.解析:suggestion后的表语从句中要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。

  答案:are改为be

  6.解析:could不能与able to连用,could相当于was/were able to。

  答案:could改为was

  7.解析:afford与can,could,be able to连用,表示“能负担得起……”。

  答案:might改为could

  8.解析:must在句中表示强烈的语气,意为“偏偏、偏要”。

  答案:can改为must

  9.解析:根据句意可知应用should have done,表示本应该做某事却没做,must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测。

  答案:must改为should

  10.解析:can not...too表示“无论怎样……都不过分”,为固定结构。

  答案:may 改为can

  11.解析:mustn’t表示“禁止”,needn’t表示“没有必要”,符合句意。

  答案:mustn’t改为needn’t

  12.解析:表示对过去情况的否定推测,用can’t have done。

  答案:mustn’t改为can’t

  13.解析:needn’t“不必”,符合句意。

  答案:can’t改为needn’t

  14.解析:此处dare作情态动词用,后面要接动词原形。

  答案:去掉to

  15.解析:ought to do sth.“应该做某事”,否定式为ought not to do。

  答案:not后加to