2024高考英语总复习（江苏专用牛津译林版）语法专项智能闯关：六、情态动词和虚拟语气
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2024·临沂质量检测)—You didn’t wait for Elizabeth last night，did you?
—Yes，but we __________.She didn’t come at all.
A．don’t have toB．needn’t have
C．need to
D．should have
解析：选B。考查情态动词。句意为：——你昨天晚上没有等到伊丽莎白，是吗？——是的，但是我们本没有必要等。她根本就没来。根据语境可知，此处表示本没有必要做某事，故用needn’t have done。即B项正确。
2．(2024·青岛市统一检测)—We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.
—Sorry，I __________.I have another appointment.
A．won’t B．shan’t
C．can’t
D．mustn’t
解析：选C。考查情态动词用法。根据下文“I have another appointment”可知，我不可能留下来吃午饭。can’t意为“不可能”，符合题意。
3．(2024·淄博模拟)You __________ read a book in the sun—it’ll do harm to your eyes.
A．couldn’t
B．wouldn’t
C．needn’t
D．mustn’t
解析：选D。考查情态动词用法。句意为：你不要在太阳下看书，那样对眼睛不好。couldn’t意为“不能；无法”；wouldn’t表示不会；needn’t意为“不必”；mustn’t表示不允许。故D项正确。
4．(2024·山东省实验中学诊断)Do you know Herbie？I’m always running into him；he __________ live nearby.
A．would
B．need
C．must
D．should
解析：选C。考查情态动词。句意为：你认识Herbie吗？我总是遇见他，他肯定住在附近。表示比较肯定的推测用must。故选C。
5．(2024·泰安一轮质量检测)When he was there，he __________ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A．must
B．should
C．would
D．might
解析：选C。考查情态动词。句意为：当他还在那儿时，每天下班后都会去街角的咖啡店。根据语境可知此处应用过去将来时，即would正确。
6．(2024·德州模拟)A hiking trip really sounds very exciting.However，it __________ be very tiring and even dangerous sometimes.
A．will
B．should
C．must
D．can
解析：选D。考查情态动词。句意为：远足旅游听起来真是让人兴奋不已。然而，它有时也非常累人甚至很危险。can表示一时的可能性。故D项正确。
7．(2024·济宁模拟)—Tom is very upset.I wish I __________ him the disappointing news.
—I told you not to，but you wouldn’t listen.
A．didn’t tell
B．hadn’t told
C．haven’t told
D．wouldn’t tell
解析：选B。当wish后面的宾语从句中，表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，谓语动词要用“had done”的形式。而本题正是表示与过去的事实相反的假设，故选B。
8．(2024·滨州模拟)—Jane didn’t show up last night，did she?
—No.She __________.We had changed our plan.
A．shouldn’t have come
B．didn’t need to come
C．needn’t have come
D．needn’t come
解析：选B。shouldn’t have done意为“(过去)本不该做某事(实际做了)”needn’t have done意为“(过去)本不必做某事(实际做了)”。根据语境知我们早改变了计划，因此她没必要来的。故B项正确。needn’t do中need是情态动词，时态与语境不符。
9．(2024·临沂期中)—I ________ thank you enough for what you have done for me.
—You’re welcome.
A．may not
B．will not
C．must not
D．cannot
解析：选D。句意：——你为我所做的一切我感激不尽。——别客气。cannot...enough/cannot...too...再……也不为过，固定搭配。
10．(2024·宁波十校联考)What a pity！If I had caught that flight，I________over the Pacific Ocean now.
A．would fly
B．would have flown
C．would be flying
D．were flying
解析：选C。句意：真遗憾。如果我赶上了那趟航班，我现在正在太平洋上空飞行呢。根据句意可知该句用虚拟语气；根据主句中的now可知，主句用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气；根据句意可知，是对“此刻”情况的推测，所以C项正确。
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．You __________ not park your car here.It is in the way.
答案：must
2．My father was playing football on the playground just now.He __________ be home now.
答案：can’t
3．You are late again.You __________ go to school earlier next time.
答案：should
4．It was very dark.Lily didn’t __________ to go by herself.
答案：dare
5．I __________ prefer not to go out today.
答案：would
6．—I have been standing all the day.
—__________ I get a chair for you?
答案：Shall
7．—Are you able to use the computer skillfully?
—Yes，sir.I __________.
答案：can
8．Lily __________ go to America next year，but I am not sure.
答案：might
9．As we all known that oil __________ float on water.
答案：will
10．You __________ tell him what happened today.I will tell him in person.
答案：needn’t
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．He feels as if he is floating on a cloud.
________________________________________________________________________
2．The law says that drivers can’t drive after drinking.
________________________________________________________________________
3．He will recover soon.You can’t worry about him.
________________________________________________________________________
4．You can be tired—you’ve been working for four hours.
________________________________________________________________________
5．Our suggestion is that you are the first to go.
________________________________________________________________________
6．The poor little boy could never able to see or hear again.
________________________________________________________________________
7．A few years ago I might afford to bring my wife to this place for dinner.
________________________________________________________________________
8．Why can he do it that way?
________________________________________________________________________
9．I felt very lonely when I traveled in Chengdu alone.I must have taken my family.
________________________________________________________________________
10．We may not thank you too much for what you’ve done for us.
________________________________________________________________________
11．You mustn’t do the exercise if you don’t want to.
________________________________________________________________________
12．He mustn’t have been to Beijing before because he knows nothing about it.
________________________________________________________________________
13．You can’t return the dictionary now.You can keep it till next week if you like.
________________________________________________________________________
14．Dare you to tell your parents about your school records?
________________________________________________________________________
15．She told him he ought not do it.
________________________________________________________________________
1．解析：as if引导的表语从句表示与现在正在发生的事实相反时，用过去进行时。
答案：is改为were
2．解析：can’t表示“不能”，但这里是表示“严禁”酒后驾车，故用语气更强烈的mustn’t。
答案：can’t改为mustn’t
3．解析：由句意可知，这里要表达“你没必要担心”。
答案：can’t改为needn’t
4．解析：表示肯定的推测用must，can表示推测时，常用于否定句和疑问句。
答案：can改为must
5．解析：suggestion后的表语从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
答案：are改为be
6．解析：could不能与able to连用，could相当于was/were able to。
答案：could改为was
7．解析：afford与can，could，be able to连用，表示“能负担得起……”。
答案：might改为could
8．解析：must在句中表示强烈的语气，意为“偏偏、偏要”。
答案：can改为must
9．解析：根据句意可知应用should have done，表示本应该做某事却没做，must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测。
答案：must改为should
10．解析：can not...too表示“无论怎样……都不过分”，为固定结构。
答案：may 改为can
11．解析：mustn’t表示“禁止”，needn’t表示“没有必要”，符合句意。
答案：mustn’t改为needn’t
12．解析：表示对过去情况的否定推测，用can’t have done。
答案：mustn’t改为can’t
13．解析：needn’t“不必”，符合句意。
答案：can’t改为needn’t
14．解析：此处dare作情态动词用，后面要接动词原形。
答案：去掉to
15．解析：ought to do sth.“应该做某事”，否定式为ought not to do。
答案：not后加to
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2024·临沂质量检测)—You didn’t wait for Elizabeth last night，did you?
—Yes，but we __________.She didn’t come at all.
A．don’t have toB．needn’t have
C．need to
D．should have
解析：选B。考查情态动词。句意为：——你昨天晚上没有等到伊丽莎白，是吗？——是的，但是我们本没有必要等。她根本就没来。根据语境可知，此处表示本没有必要做某事，故用needn’t have done。即B项正确。
2．(2024·青岛市统一检测)—We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.
—Sorry，I __________.I have another appointment.
A．won’t B．shan’t
C．can’t
D．mustn’t
解析：选C。考查情态动词用法。根据下文“I have another appointment”可知，我不可能留下来吃午饭。can’t意为“不可能”，符合题意。
3．(2024·淄博模拟)You __________ read a book in the sun—it’ll do harm to your eyes.
A．couldn’t
B．wouldn’t
C．needn’t
D．mustn’t
解析：选D。考查情态动词用法。句意为：你不要在太阳下看书，那样对眼睛不好。couldn’t意为“不能；无法”；wouldn’t表示不会；needn’t意为“不必”；mustn’t表示不允许。故D项正确。
4．(2024·山东省实验中学诊断)Do you know Herbie？I’m always running into him；he __________ live nearby.
A．would
B．need
C．must
D．should
解析：选C。考查情态动词。句意为：你认识Herbie吗？我总是遇见他，他肯定住在附近。表示比较肯定的推测用must。故选C。
5．(2024·泰安一轮质量检测)When he was there，he __________ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A．must
B．should
C．would
D．might
解析：选C。考查情态动词。句意为：当他还在那儿时，每天下班后都会去街角的咖啡店。根据语境可知此处应用过去将来时，即would正确。
6．(2024·德州模拟)A hiking trip really sounds very exciting.However，it __________ be very tiring and even dangerous sometimes.
A．will
B．should
C．must
D．can
解析：选D。考查情态动词。句意为：远足旅游听起来真是让人兴奋不已。然而，它有时也非常累人甚至很危险。can表示一时的可能性。故D项正确。
7．(2024·济宁模拟)—Tom is very upset.I wish I __________ him the disappointing news.
—I told you not to，but you wouldn’t listen.
A．didn’t tell
B．hadn’t told
C．haven’t told
D．wouldn’t tell
解析：选B。当wish后面的宾语从句中，表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，谓语动词要用“had done”的形式。而本题正是表示与过去的事实相反的假设，故选B。
8．(2024·滨州模拟)—Jane didn’t show up last night，did she?
—No.She __________.We had changed our plan.
A．shouldn’t have come
B．didn’t need to come
C．needn’t have come
D．needn’t come
解析：选B。shouldn’t have done意为“(过去)本不该做某事(实际做了)”needn’t have done意为“(过去)本不必做某事(实际做了)”。根据语境知我们早改变了计划，因此她没必要来的。故B项正确。needn’t do中need是情态动词，时态与语境不符。
9．(2024·临沂期中)—I ________ thank you enough for what you have done for me.
—You’re welcome.
A．may not
B．will not
C．must not
D．cannot
解析：选D。句意：——你为我所做的一切我感激不尽。——别客气。cannot...enough/cannot...too...再……也不为过，固定搭配。
10．(2024·宁波十校联考)What a pity！If I had caught that flight，I________over the Pacific Ocean now.
A．would fly
B．would have flown
C．would be flying
D．were flying
解析：选C。句意：真遗憾。如果我赶上了那趟航班，我现在正在太平洋上空飞行呢。根据句意可知该句用虚拟语气；根据主句中的now可知，主句用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气；根据句意可知，是对“此刻”情况的推测，所以C项正确。
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．You __________ not park your car here.It is in the way.
答案：must
2．My father was playing football on the playground just now.He __________ be home now.
答案：can’t
3．You are late again.You __________ go to school earlier next time.
答案：should
4．It was very dark.Lily didn’t __________ to go by herself.
答案：dare
5．I __________ prefer not to go out today.
答案：would
6．—I have been standing all the day.
—__________ I get a chair for you?
答案：Shall
7．—Are you able to use the computer skillfully?
—Yes，sir.I __________.
答案：can
8．Lily __________ go to America next year，but I am not sure.
答案：might
9．As we all known that oil __________ float on water.
答案：will
10．You __________ tell him what happened today.I will tell him in person.
答案：needn’t
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．He feels as if he is floating on a cloud.
________________________________________________________________________
2．The law says that drivers can’t drive after drinking.
________________________________________________________________________
3．He will recover soon.You can’t worry about him.
________________________________________________________________________
4．You can be tired—you’ve been working for four hours.
________________________________________________________________________
5．Our suggestion is that you are the first to go.
________________________________________________________________________
6．The poor little boy could never able to see or hear again.
________________________________________________________________________
7．A few years ago I might afford to bring my wife to this place for dinner.
________________________________________________________________________
8．Why can he do it that way?
________________________________________________________________________
9．I felt very lonely when I traveled in Chengdu alone.I must have taken my family.
________________________________________________________________________
10．We may not thank you too much for what you’ve done for us.
________________________________________________________________________
11．You mustn’t do the exercise if you don’t want to.
________________________________________________________________________
12．He mustn’t have been to Beijing before because he knows nothing about it.
________________________________________________________________________
13．You can’t return the dictionary now.You can keep it till next week if you like.
________________________________________________________________________
14．Dare you to tell your parents about your school records?
________________________________________________________________________
15．She told him he ought not do it.
________________________________________________________________________
1．解析：as if引导的表语从句表示与现在正在发生的事实相反时，用过去进行时。
答案：is改为were
2．解析：can’t表示“不能”，但这里是表示“严禁”酒后驾车，故用语气更强烈的mustn’t。
答案：can’t改为mustn’t
3．解析：由句意可知，这里要表达“你没必要担心”。
答案：can’t改为needn’t
4．解析：表示肯定的推测用must，can表示推测时，常用于否定句和疑问句。
答案：can改为must
5．解析：suggestion后的表语从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。
答案：are改为be
6．解析：could不能与able to连用，could相当于was/were able to。
答案：could改为was
7．解析：afford与can，could，be able to连用，表示“能负担得起……”。
答案：might改为could
8．解析：must在句中表示强烈的语气，意为“偏偏、偏要”。
答案：can改为must
9．解析：根据句意可知应用should have done，表示本应该做某事却没做，must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测。
答案：must改为should
10．解析：can not...too表示“无论怎样……都不过分”，为固定结构。
答案：may 改为can
11．解析：mustn’t表示“禁止”，needn’t表示“没有必要”，符合句意。
答案：mustn’t改为needn’t
12．解析：表示对过去情况的否定推测，用can’t have done。
答案：mustn’t改为can’t
13．解析：needn’t“不必”，符合句意。
答案：can’t改为needn’t
14．解析：此处dare作情态动词用，后面要接动词原形。
答案：去掉to
15．解析：ought to do sth.“应该做某事”，否定式为ought not to do。
答案：not后加to
