2023年职称英语教材完型填空新增部分

　　Exercise Cuts Cancer Deaths in Men

　　Men who exercise often are less likely to die from cancer than those who 1 , new research published in the British Journal of Cancer revealed yesterday.

　　A team of scientists from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden looked 2 the effect of physical activity and cancer risk in 40,708 men __ 3 _ between 45 and 79.

　　The seven-year study found that men 4 walked or cycled for at least 30 minutes a day had a 34 per cent lower risk of 5 from cancer than the men who did less exercise or nothing at all. 6 the period studied~, 3,714 men developed cancer and 1,153 died from the disease. The researchers suggest that half an hours walking__7__cycling a day increased survival among these men by 33 per cent.

　　The researchers surveyed men from two counties in central Sweden about their lifestyle and the amount of 8 activity they were usually doing. They then scored these responses and compared the results__9 _data on cancer diagnosis and death officially recorded in a central cancer registry2over a seven-year period.

　　Lead author, Professor Alicja Wolk, said: These results clearly show for the first time the effect that very simple and basic daily 10 such as walking or cycling has in reducing cancer death risk in middle-aged and elderly 11

　　Dr Lesley Walker, director of cancer information at Cancer Research UK, said: This study gives us a clear indication that men who exercise are less 12 to die from cancer, and that they are more likely to 13__the disease if they get it. Its not entirely clear from this study

　　what role exercise plays in preventing 14 in men, but we do know that a healthy lifestyle can prevent up to half of all cancers3-and 15 exercise forms a key part of this.

　　词汇：

　　Registry n.登记簿 lead 口巧.带头的

　　注释：

　　1.the period studied：所研究的时间段内

　　2.data on cancer diagnosis and death officially recorded in a central cancer registry：官方纪录在癌症中心登记簿上的癌症诊断与死亡数据

　　3.prevent up to half of all cancers：避免各类癌症不低于一半的数量

　　练习：

　　1.A dont B didnt C wont D cant

　　2.A on 　 B for C at D by

　　3.A ranged B aged C ranked D listed

　　4.A which B who C whom D what

　　5.A recovering B turning C dying D surviving

　　6.A Dunng B Since C Despite D Between

　　7.A and B but C or D with

　　8.A mental B physical C psychological D artistic

　　9.A upon B towards C into D with

　　10.A exercise B life C work D style

　　11.A people B men C adults D couples

　　12.A possible B able C likely D apparent

　　13.A lose B miss C treat D survive

　　14.A disaster B cancer C mistakes D accidents

　　15.A random B rare C regular D rough

　　答案与题解：

　　1.A本句前面提到men who exercise omen，与他们相比较的显然应当是不经常锻炼的男人们，即men who dont。

　　2.C look at表示观察、研究。

　　3.B between 45 and 79显然指的是这些男人的年龄，因此应选aged。

　　4.B修饰前面的men一词，因此应选限制性关系代词who。

　　5.C根据上下文可以得知，经常锻炼的男人死于癌症的危险要小。

　　6.A此处显然应选表示在期问之意的during一词。

　　7.C本段的第一句出现了walked or cycled，因此此处应选or一词。

　　8.B短文的第二段曾出现过physical activity，因此此处应选physical一词。

　　9.D将一件事与另一件事进行比较，应是comparewith。

　　10.A根据上下文意即本句接下来给出的such as walking or cycling，不难推断此处应选

　　exercise一词。

　　11.B短文的题目以及之前一直都在谈论男人运动与否与癌症的关系，此处显然应选men。

　　12.C前面多次提到，坚持经常性运动的男人死于癌症的可能性要小，possible和likely在汉语里都可译作可能的，但在英语中意思区别很大，前者侧重于存在的客观趋势，后者侧

　　重于对存在的预期，因而可以说It is possible for them to do，而不说they are possible to do，所以应选likely。

　　13.D既然坚持经常性运动的男人死于癌症的可能性要小，那么不难推断这种男人即使得了

　　癌症，存活下来的可能性也应更大些。

　　14.B短文全篇都在谈论男人运动与患癌症的关系，此外，接下来又出现了prevent up to half

　　of all cancers，因此此处应选cancer。

　　15.C前面提到每天运动带给男人的好处，因此此处应选regular，表示经常性的

　　Men Too May Suffer from Domestic Violence

　　Nearly three in 10 men have experienced violence at the hands of1 an intimate partner their lifetimes, according to one of the few studies to look 1 domestic violence and health among men.

　　Many men actually do experience domestic violence, although we dont hear about it 2 , Dr. Robert J. Reid of the University of Washington in Seattle, one of the authors, told Reuters Health. They often dont tell 3 we dont ask. We want to message out2 to men who 4 experience domestic violence that they are not alone and there are resources available to 5

　　The researchers asked study participants about physical abuse and non-physical 6 such as threats that made them 7 for3 their safety, controlling behavior , and constant name-calling.

　　Among men 18 to 54 years old, 14.2 percent said they had experienced intimate partner 8 in the past five years, while 6. 1 percent reported domestic violence in the previous year.

　　Rates were lower for men 55 and 9 ,with 5.3 percent reporting violence in the past five years and 2.4 percent having experienced it in the past 12 months.

　　Overall, 30.5 percent of men younger than 55 and 26.5 percent of older men said they had been victims of 10 violence at some point in their lives. About half of the violet men 11 was physical.

　　However, the physical violence men reported wasnt as harsh as 12 stuff, women in a previous study; 20 percent to 40 percent of the men rated it as severe, compare to 61 percent of__13__

　　Men who reported experiencing domestic violence had more emotional and mental problems 14 those who had not, especially older men, the 15 found.

　　词汇：

　　Intimate 口巧.亲密的 name-calling n.辱骂

　　Abuse 凡.伤害

　　注释：

　　1.at the hands of：出自某人之手，从某人那里

　　2.get the message out：传达这样一个信息

　　3.fear for：为担忧

　　练习：

　　1. A by　　 B at C on D for

　　2. A never B often　　 C ever D now

　　3. A and B but　　　C yet D unless

　　4. A to B no C do D go

　　5. A us B him C you D them

　　6. A strength B labor C abuse D exercise

　　7. A hope B fear C wait D look

　　8. A violence B attitude C friendship D stress

　　9. A younger B junior C senior D older

　　10. A normal B necessary C domestic D foreign

　　11. A enjoyed B experienced C performed D committed

　　12. A this B those C that D one

　　13. A women B people C adults D children

　　14. A from B than C except D despite

　　15. A victims B participants C researchers D partners

　　答案与题解：

　　1.B look at表示观察、研究。

　　2.B根据上下文可以推断，此处应选表示经常意思的often一词。

　　3.A这句话的意思是：他们经常不说而我们也不问。所以应用and一词连接两个并列成分。

　　4.C本段中的第一句已经出现过do experience的用法，表示的确经历过。

　　5.D前面出现的是men一词，与其对应的应是them.

　　6.C前面出现了physical abuse，与其并列自然应是non.physical abuse。

　　7.B既然是威胁，肯定会令他们为自身安全担忧，而fear for their safety正表示这样的意思。

　　8.A从第一句中的violence at the hands of an intimate partner就可以推断，此处应选violence一词。

　　9.D因为前面提到了l8至54岁的男人，因此此处应是55岁及55岁以上的男人。

　　10.C前面已经多次出现过domestic violence的搭配。

　　11.B 前面已经多次出现过experience violence这一搭配，而上下文也表明此处表示的意思是男人遭受的家庭暴力。

　　12.C用that指代妇女遭受的physical violence。

　　13.A因为是在与男人做比较，所以应选women。

　　14.B本句中前面出现了表示比较的more一词，此处自然应选than一词。

　　15.C结果只能是研究者发现的。

　　Happy Marriage, Happy Heart

　　Happily married people have lower blood pressure 1 unhappily married people or singles, a Brigham Young University study says.

　　On the other hand, even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit for singles or unhappily 2 people1 , according to the study.

　　There seem to be some unique health benefits from marriage. Its not just being married 3 benefits health - whats really the most protective of health is having a happy 4 study author Julianne Holt-Lunstad, a psychologist who specializes in relationships and health, said in a prepared statement.

　　The study included 204 married and 99 5 adults who wore portable blood-pressure monitors for 24 hours. The 6 recorded blood pressure at random intervals2 and provided a total of about 72 readings.

　　We wanted to capture participants blood pressure doing whatever they normally 7 in everyday life3. Getting one or two readings in a clinic is not really 8 of the fluctuations that occur throughout the day,4 Holt-Lunstad said.

　　Overall, happily married people scored four points 9 on the blood pressure readings than single adults. The study also found that blood __ 10__ among married people especially those in happy marriages -__11 __more during sleep than in single people.

　　Research has shown that people whose blood pressure remains high throughout the night are at__12__greater risk of heart disease than people whose blood pressure drops, Holt-Lunstad said.

　　The study was published in the March 20__13__of the journal Annals of Behavioral Medicine.

　　The study also found that unhappily married adults have higher blood pressure than__14__happily married and single adults.

　　Holt-Lunstad noted that married couples can encourage healthy habits in one __15 such as eating a healthy diet and having regular doctor visits. People in happy marriages also have a source of emotional support, she said.

　　词汇：

　　Singles n.未婚成人 annals n.年刊

　　Fluctuation n.波动

　　注释：

　　1.On the other hand，even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit for singles 0;unhappily married people：另一方面，对单身成人或者是婚姻不幸福的人来说，即使有着良好的社交圈也不会转化为有助于血压的益处。

　　2.at random intervals：间隔时间不固定

　　3.We wanted to capture participants blood pressure doing whatever they normally do in everyday life：我们希望捕捉实验对象在从事其日常生活中通常所做任何事情时的血压。

　　4.Getting one or two readings in a clinic is not really representative of the fluctuations that occur throughout the day：在诊室里获取一两个读数并不能真正代表一天之内发生的波动。

　　练习：

　　1. A from B to C than D by

　　2. A married 　B engaged C linked D loved

　　3. A which 　 B that C this D what

　　4. A life B marriage C partner D spouse

　　5. A young B old C single D experienced

　　6. A monitors B doctors C nurses D researchers

　　7. A take B do C make D want

　　8. A supportive B active C representative D protective

　　9. A most B lower C higher D least

　　10. A pressure B speed C level D flow

　　11. A stopped B dropped C rose D ran

　　12. A more B some C much D any

　　13. A page B number C copy D issue

　　14. A nor B both C neither D either

　　15. A another B each C other D every

　　答案与题解：

　　1.C 本句用了表示比较的lower一词，因此空格处只能选than一词。

　　2.A上一句中已经出现了unhappily married people，所以在unhappily和people之间显然应选married一词。

　　3.B本句是一个强调句型结构。

　　4.B从前面出现过的happily married people可以得知，对健康最具保护作用的是拥有一个happy marriage。

　　5.C从上下文可以得知，研究对象包括已婚和未婚的成年人。

　　6.A前一句中出现了monitors一词，此处仍指monitors。.

　　7.B空格处应填与前面出现的doing一词相一致的动词d0，以表示日常生活中通常所做的事情。

　　8.c本句的意思是：在诊室里获取一两个读数并不能真正代表一天之内发生的波动。

　　9.B从上下文可以得知，总体来说，婚姻幸福的人血压读数应相对低些。

　　10.A该段的主要内容是婚姻与血压的关系，显然此处应填pressure。

　　11.B从上下文可以得知，与单身的成年人相比，已婚者，尤其是婚姻幸福者的血压夜里睡眠时应该是下降得更多。

　　12.C修饰比较级，表示得多，应该用much。

　　13.D表示定期出版的杂志的第几期，应用issue一词。

　　14.B此句将婚姻不幸福者与婚姻幸福者和单身成年人做比较。

　　15.A one another表示相互的意思。

　　Many Women Who Beat Cancer Dont Change Habits

　　Many women who battle breast cancer will tell you its a life-changing experience. However, a new study shows that for many 1 , the changes arent always positive or permanent1.

　　Beth Snoke has watched her mother and both grandmothers battle and survive breast__2 .So when she was diagnosed, there was no doubt in her mind __3 she had to do.

　　I do exactly what the doctors say as far as the medicine that Im on, as 4 as the vitamins, the diet, and the fitness. And I cant stress enough__5__important that is, says Beth Snoke. But a surprising new study shows that 6 every woman who beats breast cancer is getting that message. In fact, nearly 40% of them say even 7 surviving breast cancer, they havent made significant changes in the 8 they eat or how much they exercise.