英语语法定语从句知识点：高考英语定语从句的主要考点

【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。自学库英语网为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在自学库英语网。

考点一 考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句

1. A person ________ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)

A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever

【解析】C。在所给的四个关系代词中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选C。又如：A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 书商就是其职业是卖书的人。

2. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)

A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom

【解析】B。their是物主代词，不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，所以不能选;在其余三个选项中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选B。句意为：许多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了，他们在家乡被照顾得很好。

3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)

A. which B. of which C. that D. whose

【解析】D。在所给定的四个关系代词中，只有which和whose能用于名词用作定语，故可排除B和C。而关系代词which和whose用于名词前作定语的区别是：which具有that或this的语义特征，而whose则具有ones的语义特征。

考点二 考查关系代词which引导的定语从句

1. Theyve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising. (辽宁卷)

A. that B. when C. what D. which

【解析】D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故被排除;when可引导非限制性定语从句，但只用于指时间，与句意不符，故也被排除;而what不是关系代词，不能用于引导定语从句，故也被排除;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中充当动词find的宾语。句意为：他们赢了最后三场比赛，我发现这有点令人吃惊。

2. My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him. (全国Ⅱ)

A. which B. that C. where D. it

【解析】A。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词，所以不能选B或D;而where是关系副词，不能用作主语;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中用作主语。又如：Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。

3. Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山东卷)

A. who B. which C. when D. that

【解析】B。that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句，故可排除;when是关系副词，不用作主语，故也可排除;who用于指人，但这里的定语从句不是修饰her，而是修饰whenever I met her，故不能用who，此处应用which。又如：He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true. 他说他从没见到过她，这是不真实的。

考点三 查关系副词where引导的定语从句

1. Mozarts birthplace and the house ________ he composed The Magic Flute are both museums now. (上海卷)

A. where B. when C. there D. which

【解析】A。由于定语从句he composed The Magic Flute的主语和宾语是完整的，所以不能选D;when指时间，不用于修饰表地点的先行词the house，故也不能选;而there不是关系词，不能引导定语从句。

2. Its helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently. (福建卷)

A. that B. when C. which D. where

【解析】D。由于定语从句they can see themselves differently的主语和宾语是完整的，所以不能选A和C;when指时间，不用于修饰表地点的先行词a situation，故也不能选。

3. Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (重庆卷)

A. why B. what C. that D. where

【解析】D。由于定语从句we compete with others to go beyond ourselves的句子结构是完整的，不缺主语或宾语，所以不能选C;why引导定语从句，其先行词只能是the reason，而不用于其他场合，故不能选;what不是关系词，不能用于引导定语从句，故也可排除;where在此引导定语从句，修饰名词race，相当于in which。句意为：人生就像一场长途赛跑，在赛跑中我们为了超越自我而与别人竞争。

4. I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. (浙江卷)

A. which B. where C. how D. why

【解析】B。定语从句修饰的先行词是a point，不是my life。point在此相当于一个抽象的地点，所以要用关系副词where来引导定语从句。又如：We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。She had got to the point where she felt that she could not take any more. 她到了她觉得自己再也不能忍受的地步。

5. What do you think of teaching, Bob?

I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting. (北京卷)

A. where B. which C. when D. that

【解析】A。由于定语从句you are doing something serious but interesting是一个结构完整的句子，不缺主语或宾语，所以不能选关系代词which或that，故可排除B和D;而关系副词when只用于修饰表示时间的名词，故也可排除;where在此相当于in which，引导定语从句，并在定语从句中用作地点状语。又如：I dont want a job where Im chained to a desk for eight hours a day. 我不想要一份一天8小时都得守在办公桌前的工作。

考点四 查关系副词when引导的定语从句

1. Shell never forget her stay there, ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (四川卷)

A. that B. which C. where D. when

【解析】D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故被排除;which引导定语从句必须在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，与本题的句子结构不符，故也被排除;where引导定语从句时，其前先行词只能是表示地点的名词，而本题的先行词her stay there(她待在那儿期间)不是表地点，而是表时间，故C也可排除;关系副词when在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词her stay。句意为：她永远不会忘记她待在那儿的那段时间，在此其间她找到了她两年前失踪的孩子。

2. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (江苏卷)

A. if B. when C. which D. since

【解析】B。when在此用于引导定语从句，修饰名词days。此题的难点是先行词days与关系副词when之间被are gone，容易误解句子结构。句意为：由于金融危机，当地五星级宾馆每晚收费6,000元的日子已经过去了。

考点五 考查介词+关系代词结构

1. Gun control is a subject ________ Americans have argued for a long time. (陕西卷)

A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which

【解析】C。当一个定语从句由介词+which引导时，其中介词的确定方法就是要找到与之构成搭配的动词、名词、形容词等。在本题中，根据句意，句子所涉及的搭配是argue about a subject(争论某个话题)，所以答案只能选C。又如：I called him by the wrong name for which mistake I apologize. 我叫错了他的名字，为了这个错误我愿道歉。

2. She brought with her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before. (全国I)

A. them B. who C. whom D. these

【解析】C。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词，所以不能选A或D;又因为是用于介词of之后作宾语，所以要用宾格whom，不用who。句意为：她带来了三个朋友，我以前一个也没有见过。

考点六 定语从句考查新角度

The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (江西卷)

A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which

【解析】B。这道题的本质是考查定语从句的用法，但其命题的角度比较特别，它既不考查先行词，也不考查关系代词或关系副词，而是结合介词的搭配考查关系代词的省略。句中定语从句I grew up用于修饰名词the house，由于其前没有引导词，所以可认为被省略了。而根据英语语法，可以省略的定语从句引导词只可能是用作宾语的关系代词that或which，这样一来，就必须要求空格处填一个能带宾语的词，显然只有介词in。

【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。自学库英语网为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在自学库英语网。

考点一 考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句

1. A person ________ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)

A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever

【解析】C。在所给的四个关系代词中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选C。又如：A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 书商就是其职业是卖书的人。

2. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)

A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom

【解析】B。their是物主代词，不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，所以不能选;在其余三个选项中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选B。句意为：许多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了，他们在家乡被照顾得很好。

3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)

A. which B. of which C. that D. whose

【解析】D。在所给定的四个关系代词中，只有which和whose能用于名词用作定语，故可排除B和C。而关系代词which和whose用于名词前作定语的区别是：which具有that或this的语义特征，而whose则具有ones的语义特征。

考点二 考查关系代词which引导的定语从句

1. Theyve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising. (辽宁卷)

A. that B. when C. what D. which

【解析】D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故被排除;when可引导非限制性定语从句，但只用于指时间，与句意不符，故也被排除;而what不是关系代词，不能用于引导定语从句，故也被排除;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中充当动词find的宾语。句意为：他们赢了最后三场比赛，我发现这有点令人吃惊。

2. My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him. (全国Ⅱ)

A. which B. that C. where D. it

【解析】A。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词，所以不能选B或D;而where是关系副词，不能用作主语;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中用作主语。又如：Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。

3. Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山东卷)

A. who B. which C. when D. that

【解析】B。that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句，故可排除;when是关系副词，不用作主语，故也可排除;who用于指人，但这里的定语从句不是修饰her，而是修饰whenever I met her，故不能用who，此处应用which。又如：He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true. 他说他从没见到过她，这是不真实的。

考点三 查关系副词where引导的定语从句

1. Mozarts birthplace and the house ________ he composed The Magic Flute are both museums now. (上海卷)

A. where B. when C. there D. which

【解析】A。由于定语从句he composed The Magic Flute的主语和宾语是完整的，所以不能选D;when指时间，不用于修饰表地点的先行词the house，故也不能选;而there不是关系词，不能引导定语从句。

2. Its helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently. (福建卷)

A. that B. when C. which D. where

【解析】D。由于定语从句they can see themselves differently的主语和宾语是完整的，所以不能选A和C;when指时间，不用于修饰表地点的先行词a situation，故也不能选。

3. Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (重庆卷)

A. why B. what C. that D. where

【解析】D。由于定语从句we compete with others to go beyond ourselves的句子结构是完整的，不缺主语或宾语，所以不能选C;why引导定语从句，其先行词只能是the reason，而不用于其他场合，故不能选;what不是关系词，不能用于引导定语从句，故也可排除;where在此引导定语从句，修饰名词race，相当于in which。句意为：人生就像一场长途赛跑，在赛跑中我们为了超越自我而与别人竞争。

4. I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. (浙江卷)

A. which B. where C. how D. why

【解析】B。定语从句修饰的先行词是a point，不是my life。point在此相当于一个抽象的地点，所以要用关系副词where来引导定语从句。又如：We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。She had got to the point where she felt that she could not take any more. 她到了她觉得自己再也不能忍受的地步。

5. What do you think of teaching, Bob?

I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting. (北京卷)

A. where B. which C. when D. that

【解析】A。由于定语从句you are doing something serious but interesting是一个结构完整的句子，不缺主语或宾语，所以不能选关系代词which或that，故可排除B和D;而关系副词when只用于修饰表示时间的名词，故也可排除;where在此相当于in which，引导定语从句，并在定语从句中用作地点状语。又如：I dont want a job where Im chained to a desk for eight hours a day. 我不想要一份一天8小时都得守在办公桌前的工作。

考点四 查关系副词when引导的定语从句

1. Shell never forget her stay there, ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (四川卷)

A. that B. which C. where D. when

【解析】D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故被排除;which引导定语从句必须在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，与本题的句子结构不符，故也被排除;where引导定语从句时，其前先行词只能是表示地点的名词，而本题的先行词her stay there(她待在那儿期间)不是表地点，而是表时间，故C也可排除;关系副词when在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词her stay。句意为：她永远不会忘记她待在那儿的那段时间，在此其间她找到了她两年前失踪的孩子。

2. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (江苏卷)

A. if B. when C. which D. since

【解析】B。when在此用于引导定语从句，修饰名词days。此题的难点是先行词days与关系副词when之间被are gone，容易误解句子结构。句意为：由于金融危机，当地五星级宾馆每晚收费6,000元的日子已经过去了。

考点五 考查介词+关系代词结构

1. Gun control is a subject ________ Americans have argued for a long time. (陕西卷)

A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which

【解析】C。当一个定语从句由介词+which引导时，其中介词的确定方法就是要找到与之构成搭配的动词、名词、形容词等。在本题中，根据句意，句子所涉及的搭配是argue about a subject(争论某个话题)，所以答案只能选C。又如：I called him by the wrong name for which mistake I apologize. 我叫错了他的名字，为了这个错误我愿道歉。

2. She brought with her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before. (全国I)

A. them B. who C. whom D. these

【解析】C。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词，所以不能选A或D;又因为是用于介词of之后作宾语，所以要用宾格whom，不用who。句意为：她带来了三个朋友，我以前一个也没有见过。

考点六 定语从句考查新角度

The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (江西卷)

A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which

【解析】B。这道题的本质是考查定语从句的用法，但其命题的角度比较特别，它既不考查先行词，也不考查关系代词或关系副词，而是结合介词的搭配考查关系代词的省略。句中定语从句I grew up用于修饰名词the house，由于其前没有引导词，所以可认为被省略了。而根据英语语法，可以省略的定语从句引导词只可能是用作宾语的关系代词that或which，这样一来，就必须要求空格处填一个能带宾语的词，显然只有介词in。