2011高考英语书面表达提升策略
考情动态分析
书面表达(高考25-30分)宗旨是测试考生的英语表达能力，看其是否能够运用学过的知识和掌握的技能进行思想交流。他不仅能测试出考生的词汇量、语法、书法等方面的能力，更能测试出考生组织文章、输出所学知识的表达能力。
从历年来的高考试卷来看，书面表达是指导(限制)性的写作：即按照题目(或一段文字或及幅图画)所给的条件、内容、要求、时间、地点、在限制的字数(100个词左右)内，去完成写作。它不同与其他命题写作文，可以随意发挥，也不是简单的翻译，而必须做到行文切题，紧扣中心思想，不漏要点，符合语法，并且意思连贯，文理通顺，语言准确得当。
一、书面表达解题方法与技巧：
1。认真审题，理解题意
首先要看准文章的写作体裁，其次,才能定时态、定人称、定格式(因为不同的文体的格式不同)，然后再考虑语言，语气的运用。一般的记叙文，说明文，议论文等多用书面语;而应用文，如书信，口头通知，便条等多用口头语。记叙文、日记等一般可用过去时，而说明文、通知等一般要用一般现在时或将来时。 如果是看图写文，看懂每幅图之间的联系至关重要。写要点。据每幅图写出一至两句话。因为每年高考书面表达一般控制在10句话，120个词左右。
2。连句成文。
每句话写好后，用适当的连词连接起来，使之上下连贯，呼应，通顺，简洁。
3。查错漏。
完稿后，检查一下有没有时态，语态，拼写错误并逐一加以改正。
4。书写规范 卷面干静
任何一种形式的书面文字材料，都要求书写规范，拼写准确无误，字迹清晰，按书写规则大小写及移行正确。且记不要有铁丝网、地雷、篱笆之类的东西，卷面一定要讲究干净(不要用铅笔答题，要用圆珠笔、钢笔)。
不同的书面表达形式有不同的格式，如书信、日记、通知等各有其特殊形式，都要按要求书写规范。书写时除了注意移行规则外，还应注意字母写得圆滑饱满，有15%左右的倾斜度，每行写10个单词左右，词与词的距离要小、行与行的距离稍大些，写10行左右，这样字段既符合要求，也显得短小精悍。
同时，还要注意文章的开头和结尾写好，要用最流行、最回味的语言和语句去写，这样更会得到评卷老师的好感。只有这样您才会得到满意而有理想的高分。
总之,书面表达必须在所提示的范围内,根据不同文体的特点和要求来解题,努力做到:要点全,句子通,条理清.指代明确,时态呼应,格式标准,书写工整,卷面干净.当然冰冻三尺,非一日之寒.因此,要写好书面表达,除了掌握一定的写作方法及技巧,还要特别注意平时知识的日益积累.因此.平时要多读,多写,多记一些句型并掌握词汇的用法,多背一些优美的句子及范文.只有具备了一定语言基础知识和语言组织能力,积累大量的语言材料,再加上平时的强化训练, 同学们的写作水平就一定会大大地提高,在高考中就一定会写出更好的文章来。
为了帮助同学们在平时写作练习的时候时刻牢记这些写作的基本要领，特编顺口溜如下：
细审题，巧构思，列要点，防遗漏。写日记，同汉语;书信，通知格式要牢记。看清图表细梳理，写人记事按顺序;完稿后查遗漏，整洁干净莫忘记。
二、高考英语书面表达高分策略：
从遣词，造句，谋篇三个方面分析。
1。遣词的原则：
使用高等级词汇及短语, 如果仅仅记住几个简单基础的词汇,而且一味的重复低水平的英语知识点,还远远没有达到大学的入学要求。这就要求考生在平时的训练和考试当中，有意识的强化 复杂，高级这两个概念，使自己的作文能力区别于普通学生的作文，使自己一下子就站在一个比别人高的位置上，充分显示自己的实力。平时学习过程中注意总结各种各样的词汇。以描述人物的词汇为例：
表达人物爱憎感情： like, love, be interested in, be fond of hate, dislike, be tired of, lose interest in happy, excited, pleased, satisfied, angry, sad, worried, disappointed, terrified, mad, frightened
介绍人物的影响及人们对人的评价：
He became famous for his new theory.
The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader.
We regard Li Fei as our model. Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.
People spoke highly of him and all respected him.
常见描述人物性格，外貌和身体状况等的词语 good-looking /funny-looking /strong-looking /ugly-looking /dirty-looking /ordinary-looking /blue-eyed /white-eyed /warm-hearted /light-hearted /kind-hearted /near-sighted /far-sighted /foolish /stupid /silly /clever /smart /wise /bright / diligent /intelligent /lazy /hard working, etc.
2。造句的原则：
句式多变，语法活用，句子是表达一个完整意思的最小当位，所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动，形象，准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的书面表达，必须从写好句子开始。
英语基本句型及造句:
主语+谓语+状语(介词,名词短语或从句)
The sun rises up in the east and sets in the west.
We get up early every morning.
The meeting lasted 2 hours.
主语+不及物动词+副词
This kind of wine drinks well and sells well.
The suit wears well. Glass breaks easily.
主语+谓语+介词+宾语
We all agreed on the terms.
He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.
All these things are to be answered for.
主语+系动词+形容词
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.
He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.
Your explanation sounds reasonable.
主语+谓语+直接宾语
I want your promise.
Have your fixed my watch?
This factory produces 1000 cars a week.
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
He paid me a visit yesterday.
He owed me 50 yuan.
He wrote his family a letter yesterday.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (to do)
I will get someone to repair the recorder for you.
I didnt mean to hurt you.
He invited me to teach at a well-known university.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (do)
I often hear her sing the song.
The boss made workers work 15 hours a day.
Dont forget to have him come.
主语+谓语+现在分词
I heard her singing in the next room.
We could feel our heats beating fast.
Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?
主语+谓语+过去分词
I must have my watch repaired.
We must get he task finished on time.
Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.
主语+谓语+宾语(动名词)
I suggested putting off the meeting.
They all avoided mentioning the matter.
We cant help laughing at the news.
主语+谓语+宾语(不定式)
I cant afford to buy such a large house.
Dont pretend to know what you dont.
He feared to speak in her presence.
主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语
Nothing can prevent us from going forward.
Thank you for your help.
He demanded an answer from me.
练习写好句子的方法一：合并句子
It was early in the morning. Mr. Smith was in his garden. He was watering flowers. Early in the morning, Mr. Smith was watering flowers in his garden. A girl was crossing a road. The girl was pretty. The road was wide. A pretty girl was crossing a wide road.
写好句子的方法二：改写句子
1) Mr. Green is a tall man, who wears a pair of thick glasses. (改成介词短语做伴随状语) 1) The book cost me 300 yuan. Mr. Green is a tall man with a pair of thick glasses.
2) The ice on the lake is too thin for us to skate on. (使用sothat结构改写句子) The ice on the lake is so thin that we cant skate on it.
练习方法三：一句多译
这本书花了我300元。
I spent 300 yuan on the book. /I paid 300 yuan for the book. /The price of the book is 300 yuan. /It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英语，李明也不懂。
I dont know any English, nor does Li Ming./ I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming. /I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming. /I hardly know any English, no more does Li Ming. /I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming./ I know no more English than Li Ming does. /I know as little English as Li Ming does.
一到家，我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。
On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen./ As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen. /The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen. /The instant I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen./ No sooner had I arrived home than I wrote down everything I had seen.
昨天下午他才来。
He came here yesterday afternoon. /He didnt come here until yesterday afternoon. /Not until yesterday afternoon did he come here./ It was yesterday afternoon that he arrived here. /It was not until yesterday afternoon that he came here.
3。谋篇的原则：
满分作文都有个共性就是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。文章的连贯性和紧凑感是很重要的。句子作为最小的表达意思的语言当位如果只是被随意的整合，是无法达到有效表达的目的。常见的句子之间的连接手段有： 使用代词指代上一句中的名词 重复使用上一句中的词 使用连接词 使用平行结构高考大纲中常用的连接词:
表并列补充关系的: what is more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition,
表转折对比关系的: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, in contrast to, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not onlybut also, herethere, years agotoday, thisthat, the formerthe latter, thennow, the firstwhereas the second, oncenow, on the one handon the other hand, someothers,
表因果关系的: since, as, because (of), for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that,
表条件关系的: if, on the condition (that), as long as, unless, or else,
表时间关系的: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning/year/century, after an interval, now, after, presently, later, afterward, somewhat later, finally, at last, all of a sudden,
表特定的顺序关系: above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, the , next, finally, in the end, at last, 表换一种方式表达: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way,
表进行举例说明: for instance, for example, like, such as,
表陈述事实: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
表总结: on the whole, in short, all in all, general, in a word, in conclusion, in closing, in summary. 等等。
还有分词短语、复合句等。特别要注意谓语用什么基本时态以及前后的时态呼应，注意句子与句子之间的有机联系，段落与段落之间的自然过渡。这样既能显示出你的高中水平，又能使文章层次清楚，文理通顺、结构严密紧凑，衔接自然。这样只要要点全，准确无误，语句通顺流畅那就是高水平、高档次的作文。
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考情动态分析
书面表达(高考25-30分)宗旨是测试考生的英语表达能力，看其是否能够运用学过的知识和掌握的技能进行思想交流。他不仅能测试出考生的词汇量、语法、书法等方面的能力，更能测试出考生组织文章、输出所学知识的表达能力。
从历年来的高考试卷来看，书面表达是指导(限制)性的写作：即按照题目(或一段文字或及幅图画)所给的条件、内容、要求、时间、地点、在限制的字数(100个词左右)内，去完成写作。它不同与其他命题写作文，可以随意发挥，也不是简单的翻译，而必须做到行文切题，紧扣中心思想，不漏要点，符合语法，并且意思连贯，文理通顺，语言准确得当。
一、书面表达解题方法与技巧：
1。认真审题，理解题意
首先要看准文章的写作体裁，其次,才能定时态、定人称、定格式(因为不同的文体的格式不同)，然后再考虑语言，语气的运用。一般的记叙文，说明文，议论文等多用书面语;而应用文，如书信，口头通知，便条等多用口头语。记叙文、日记等一般可用过去时，而说明文、通知等一般要用一般现在时或将来时。 如果是看图写文，看懂每幅图之间的联系至关重要。写要点。据每幅图写出一至两句话。因为每年高考书面表达一般控制在10句话，120个词左右。
2。连句成文。
每句话写好后，用适当的连词连接起来，使之上下连贯，呼应，通顺，简洁。
3。查错漏。
完稿后，检查一下有没有时态，语态，拼写错误并逐一加以改正。
4。书写规范 卷面干静
任何一种形式的书面文字材料，都要求书写规范，拼写准确无误，字迹清晰，按书写规则大小写及移行正确。且记不要有铁丝网、地雷、篱笆之类的东西，卷面一定要讲究干净(不要用铅笔答题，要用圆珠笔、钢笔)。
不同的书面表达形式有不同的格式，如书信、日记、通知等各有其特殊形式，都要按要求书写规范。书写时除了注意移行规则外，还应注意字母写得圆滑饱满，有15%左右的倾斜度，每行写10个单词左右，词与词的距离要小、行与行的距离稍大些，写10行左右，这样字段既符合要求，也显得短小精悍。
同时，还要注意文章的开头和结尾写好，要用最流行、最回味的语言和语句去写，这样更会得到评卷老师的好感。只有这样您才会得到满意而有理想的高分。
总之,书面表达必须在所提示的范围内,根据不同文体的特点和要求来解题,努力做到:要点全,句子通,条理清.指代明确,时态呼应,格式标准,书写工整,卷面干净.当然冰冻三尺,非一日之寒.因此,要写好书面表达,除了掌握一定的写作方法及技巧,还要特别注意平时知识的日益积累.因此.平时要多读,多写,多记一些句型并掌握词汇的用法,多背一些优美的句子及范文.只有具备了一定语言基础知识和语言组织能力,积累大量的语言材料,再加上平时的强化训练, 同学们的写作水平就一定会大大地提高,在高考中就一定会写出更好的文章来。
为了帮助同学们在平时写作练习的时候时刻牢记这些写作的基本要领，特编顺口溜如下：
细审题，巧构思，列要点，防遗漏。写日记，同汉语;书信，通知格式要牢记。看清图表细梳理，写人记事按顺序;完稿后查遗漏，整洁干净莫忘记。
二、高考英语书面表达高分策略：
从遣词，造句，谋篇三个方面分析。
1。遣词的原则：
使用高等级词汇及短语, 如果仅仅记住几个简单基础的词汇,而且一味的重复低水平的英语知识点,还远远没有达到大学的入学要求。这就要求考生在平时的训练和考试当中，有意识的强化 复杂，高级这两个概念，使自己的作文能力区别于普通学生的作文，使自己一下子就站在一个比别人高的位置上，充分显示自己的实力。平时学习过程中注意总结各种各样的词汇。以描述人物的词汇为例：
表达人物爱憎感情： like, love, be interested in, be fond of hate, dislike, be tired of, lose interest in happy, excited, pleased, satisfied, angry, sad, worried, disappointed, terrified, mad, frightened
介绍人物的影响及人们对人的评价：
He became famous for his new theory.
The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader.
We regard Li Fei as our model. Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.
People spoke highly of him and all respected him.
常见描述人物性格，外貌和身体状况等的词语 good-looking /funny-looking /strong-looking /ugly-looking /dirty-looking /ordinary-looking /blue-eyed /white-eyed /warm-hearted /light-hearted /kind-hearted /near-sighted /far-sighted /foolish /stupid /silly /clever /smart /wise /bright / diligent /intelligent /lazy /hard working, etc.
2。造句的原则：
句式多变，语法活用，句子是表达一个完整意思的最小当位，所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动，形象，准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的书面表达，必须从写好句子开始。
英语基本句型及造句:
主语+谓语+状语(介词,名词短语或从句)
The sun rises up in the east and sets in the west.
We get up early every morning.
The meeting lasted 2 hours.
主语+不及物动词+副词
This kind of wine drinks well and sells well.
The suit wears well. Glass breaks easily.
主语+谓语+介词+宾语
We all agreed on the terms.
He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.
All these things are to be answered for.
主语+系动词+形容词
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.
He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.
Your explanation sounds reasonable.
主语+谓语+直接宾语
I want your promise.
Have your fixed my watch?
This factory produces 1000 cars a week.
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
He paid me a visit yesterday.
He owed me 50 yuan.
He wrote his family a letter yesterday.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (to do)
I will get someone to repair the recorder for you.
I didnt mean to hurt you.
He invited me to teach at a well-known university.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (do)
I often hear her sing the song.
The boss made workers work 15 hours a day.
Dont forget to have him come.
主语+谓语+现在分词
I heard her singing in the next room.
We could feel our heats beating fast.
Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?
主语+谓语+过去分词
I must have my watch repaired.
We must get he task finished on time.
Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.
主语+谓语+宾语(动名词)
I suggested putting off the meeting.
They all avoided mentioning the matter.
We cant help laughing at the news.
主语+谓语+宾语(不定式)
I cant afford to buy such a large house.
Dont pretend to know what you dont.
He feared to speak in her presence.
主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语
Nothing can prevent us from going forward.
Thank you for your help.
He demanded an answer from me.
练习写好句子的方法一：合并句子
It was early in the morning. Mr. Smith was in his garden. He was watering flowers. Early in the morning, Mr. Smith was watering flowers in his garden. A girl was crossing a road. The girl was pretty. The road was wide. A pretty girl was crossing a wide road.
写好句子的方法二：改写句子
1) Mr. Green is a tall man, who wears a pair of thick glasses. (改成介词短语做伴随状语) 1) The book cost me 300 yuan. Mr. Green is a tall man with a pair of thick glasses.
2) The ice on the lake is too thin for us to skate on. (使用sothat结构改写句子) The ice on the lake is so thin that we cant skate on it.
练习方法三：一句多译
这本书花了我300元。
I spent 300 yuan on the book. /I paid 300 yuan for the book. /The price of the book is 300 yuan. /It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英语，李明也不懂。
I dont know any English, nor does Li Ming./ I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming. /I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming. /I hardly know any English, no more does Li Ming. /I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming./ I know no more English than Li Ming does. /I know as little English as Li Ming does.
一到家，我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。
On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen./ As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen. /The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen. /The instant I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen./ No sooner had I arrived home than I wrote down everything I had seen.
昨天下午他才来。
He came here yesterday afternoon. /He didnt come here until yesterday afternoon. /Not until yesterday afternoon did he come here./ It was yesterday afternoon that he arrived here. /It was not until yesterday afternoon that he came here.
3。谋篇的原则：
满分作文都有个共性就是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。文章的连贯性和紧凑感是很重要的。句子作为最小的表达意思的语言当位如果只是被随意的整合，是无法达到有效表达的目的。常见的句子之间的连接手段有： 使用代词指代上一句中的名词 重复使用上一句中的词 使用连接词 使用平行结构高考大纲中常用的连接词:
表并列补充关系的: what is more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition,
表转折对比关系的: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, in contrast to, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not onlybut also, herethere, years agotoday, thisthat, the formerthe latter, thennow, the firstwhereas the second, oncenow, on the one handon the other hand, someothers,
表因果关系的: since, as, because (of), for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that,
表条件关系的: if, on the condition (that), as long as, unless, or else,
表时间关系的: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning/year/century, after an interval, now, after, presently, later, afterward, somewhat later, finally, at last, all of a sudden,
表特定的顺序关系: above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, the , next, finally, in the end, at last, 表换一种方式表达: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way,
表进行举例说明: for instance, for example, like, such as,
表陈述事实: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
表总结: on the whole, in short, all in all, general, in a word, in conclusion, in closing, in summary. 等等。
还有分词短语、复合句等。特别要注意谓语用什么基本时态以及前后的时态呼应，注意句子与句子之间的有机联系，段落与段落之间的自然过渡。这样既能显示出你的高中水平，又能使文章层次清楚，文理通顺、结构严密紧凑，衔接自然。这样只要要点全，准确无误，语句通顺流畅那就是高水平、高档次的作文。
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