2024届高考英语一轮复习基础巩固学案：Unit 1 Challenging Yourself Ⅰ（重大版选修7）
Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．chief /tʃiːf/ n．首领；长官 adj.主要的
2．collapse /kəlæps/ vi.倒塌，崩溃
3．outgoing /autgəʊIŋ/ adj.友好的；外向的；将卸任的；离开的
4．sceptical /skeptIkl/ adj.怀疑的
5．transfer /trænsfɜː/ vt.转移；转乘；调任
6．release /rIliːs/ n．释放；放松
7．sufficient /səfIʃnt/ adj.足够的，充足的
8．bound /baʊnd/ vt.形成……的边界/界限；vi.跳跃；弹回；n.界限，范围
9．bear /beə/ vt.显示，具有；忍受；n.熊
10．mystery /mIstrI/ n．神秘(性)，奥秘，神秘的人(或事物)
11．heal /hiːl/ vt./vi.治愈；(使)康复
12．flee /fliː/ vi.逃走，逃掉；vt.逃离，避开，逃避
13．eruption /Irʌpʃn/ n．爆发，喷发→erupt vi.(火山等)喷发，喷出；(战争等)爆发
14．uncover /ʌnkʌvə/ vt.揭露，暴露；揭开……的盖子→cover v．盖上；n.封皮→discover vt.发现
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．be supposed to do被期望或要求；应该
2．make a promise答应，许诺
3．show up露出，露面，出现
4．pull sb.off...把某人从……拉走
5．give way坍陷，倒塌
6．with the purpose of为了……
7．in grace优雅地，吸引人地
8．get out出去；(秘密)泄露，传出
9．burst through推开，拨开，冲开
10．shoot up上冒，喷出；猛跳；高耸；涨价
11．throw...into...把……抛入；投身于
12．as time goes by随着时间的推移
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．Once，a huge earthquake almost flattened America，killing a lot of people in less than a few minutes.
曾经，巨大的地震几乎把美国夷为平地，使许多人在不到几分钟的时间里丧生。
2．In the midst of utter devastation and chaos，a father left his wife safely at home and rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be，only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake
在一片废墟和混乱之中，一位父亲把他的妻子留在家里安顿好后，朝他儿子就读的学校冲去，却发现学校已被夷为平地。
3．Other wellmeaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school...
其他好心的父母试图把他从学校的废墟上拉走……
4．It was so strange and new that no one knew what to do.
这是那么的奇怪和新鲜，没人知道该做什么。
5．And if you really try，you’ll find there’s no need to cry.
如果你真的努力过，你会发觉不必哭泣。
6．As time went by，much of the ancient city of Pompeii was uncovered.
随着时间的推移，大部分的古庞贝城都被发掘出来。
1．Don’t you realize what a scare you’ve given us all？(scare)
2．He died six weeks later of a massive heart attack.(mass)
3．The first thing he looked at was his office’s location.(locate)
4．In a word，we have abnormal weather all over the world this year.(normal)
5．Extreme poverty still exists in many rural areas.(extremely)
6．He quickly unfolded the blankets and spread them on the mattress.(fold)
7．A couple of problems prevent peaceful trips.(peace)
8．Violence erupted as the boys were driven away in two police vans.(eruption)
1
with/from shock由于震惊
(be) a shock to sb.对某人来说是个打击
suffer from an electric shock电击休克
shocked adj.震惊的；震撼的
be shocked at/by对……感到吃惊
be shocked to do深感意外地……
shocking adj.令人震惊的
a shocking accident令人吃惊的事故
His sudden death was a great shock to his family.
他的突然逝世使他的家人大为震惊。
We were shocked at their terrible working conditions.
我们看到他们如此恶劣的工作条件感到大为吃惊。
夯实基础
(1)The bad news left us all speechless with/from shock.
那条坏消息使我们震惊的说不出话来。
(2)The news of his wife’s death was a shock to him.
他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。
(3)He is shocked to see her smoking.
看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。
2
rescue sb./sth.from sth.从……中营救……
go/come to one’s rescue去/来救某人
We were about to close down the business，but the bank went/came to our rescue with a huge loan.
我们几乎要停业，但银行借出了一大笔钱救了我们。
Rescuers searched the rubble for survivors.
救援人员在瓦砾中搜寻幸存者。
词义辨析 rescue，save
(1)rescue意为“营救，救援”，指从危险中迅速有效地援救、抢救，一般指人，也指抢救东西不致毁坏。
(2)save意为“拯救、救出”，是普通用语，指使受害者或物品摆脱危险，使其生存或保存下来。
夯实基础
用rescue，save的适当形式填空
(1)We are informed that more firefighters will be sent there to rescue the victims.
(2)Actually，it was a young policeman that saved his daughter’s life.
3
be bound to一定或注定做……；有责任或义务做……
be bound up in sth.忙于某事；热衷于某事
be bound up with和……密切相关
I’ll be bound ！一定！保证！
China is bound to consume enormous amounts of raw materials as it develops.
中国在其发展过程中一定会消耗数量巨大的原料。
We are bound to obey the law.
我们有义务遵守法律。
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)His career is bound up with the fortunes of the enterprise.
(2)He is bound up in his research work.
(3)I support your decision，but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be bound to carry it out.
4
injury n．伤口；伤害；损害
injured adj.受伤的
A number of bombs have exploded，seriously injuring at least five people.
数个炸弹爆炸，造成至少5人重伤。
The two other passengers escaped serious injury.
另外两名乘客逃过一劫，未受重伤。
图解助记
词义辨析 injure，hurt，harm，wound
(1)injure意为“伤害，损害”，一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害，也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。
(2)hurt意为“疼痛，受伤”，既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，常有强烈的疼痛感。
(3)harm意为“伤害”，用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时也指引起不安或不便。
(4)wound意为“受伤，伤口”，通常指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害。
夯实基础
用injure，hurt，harm，wound的适当形式填空
(1)It hurt me to think that he would lie to me.
(2)Two women have been badly injured in the accident.
(3)Luckily no one got wounded in the battle.
(4)He hurt his back playing squash.
(5)Don’t harm your eyes by reading in poor light.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—An explosion at a coal mine killed at least 62 workers and left another 13 missing.
—Yes，
news came as
shock to us all.
A．the；the
B．/；/
C．/；a
D．the；a
答案 D
解析 答句句意为：是的，这条资讯对我们所有人而言，都是一件令人震惊的事。the news指上文已提到的事件；a shock指一件令人震惊的事故。选D项。
2．—How can I take this medicine，sir?
—Just follow the
on the bottle.
A．information
B．advices
C．directions
D．explanations
答案 C
解析 information信息，情报，资料；advice建议；direction说明书；explanation解释，说明。从句意看，只有C项符合题意。
3．All the visitors were
from the burning hostel and the two injured were
by doctors from a nearby hospital.
A．saved；rescued
B．rescuing；saved
C．rescued；saved
D．saving；saved
答案 C
解析 rescue意为“营救，救援”，指从危险中迅速有效地援救、抢救，一般指人，也指抢救东西不致毁坏；save意为“拯救、救出”，是普通用语，指使受害者或物品摆脱危险，使其生存或保存下来。故选C项。
4．He was
to death on seeing the frightening scene.
A．scared
B．scaring
C．scare
D．to scare
答案 A
解析 考查固定短语。be scared to death吓死了，吓得要死。
5．You are
to win the game if you have faith in yourself.
A．bound
B．sound
C．possible
D．probable
答案 A
解析 考查固定短语。be bound to一定/注定做……。
6．The train accident resulted in heavy casualties，with more than fifty people seriously
.
A．injured
B．destroyed
C．damaged
D．harmed
答案 A
解析 injure主要指在意外事故中受伤，符合句意。
7．Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as
sicknesses.
A．normal
B．regular
C．average
D．ordinary
答案 D
解析 句意为：该国免费医疗包括心理疾病和常见的疾病。ordinary普通的，常见的；normal正常的；regular有规律的；average平均的。
8．—Mum，it’s nice weather.I want to skate this afternoon.
—Don’t you think the ice on the lake is too thin to
your weight?
A．stand
B．bear
C．catch
D．take
答案 B
解析 stand忍耐，忍受；bear除“忍耐，忍受”之外还有“承受，负载”之意。
Ⅱ.汉译英
这幅画所传递的信息是清楚的。(clear)(2011·北京·开放作文)
The message conveyed in the picture is clear.
1．I have committed myself to accepting her invitation and cannot draw back.
2．Don’t play stupid with me.You took away my camera.
3．They are those who don’t believe in any religion.
4．He lost control of his bicycle and fell down.
5．We must not let the news about his death get out.
6．I joked and we burst out laughing.
7．The quiet girl has come to life since she lived with her grandma.
8．The cliff shoots up to a height of several hundred metres.
1
draw upon/on凭借；利用；依赖；动用；临近
draw up草拟；(车)停下来
draw sb.’s attention to引起……的注意
draw a conclusion from从……中得出结论
draw one’s eye吸引某人的目光
draw a lesson吸取教训
He drew on his experience as a driver to make a documentary programme.
他凭借曾经做过驾驶员的经验制作了一档纪实节目。
夯实基础
(1)In order to be a good writer，you have to draw upon your imagination and life experience(利用你的想像力和生活经验)．
(2)Drawing upon his own efforts(凭借自己的努力)，he succeeded in getting the job in that company in the end.
2
push out推出；撵走；长出；伸出；驶出
push over推倒，推翻
push through完成(事务)；冲过，穿过；(树叶等)长出；使(提案)获得通过
The agreement could push up oil prices today.
该协议可能会推高今日油价。
She tried in vain to push through the crowd.
她怎么也无法从人群中挤过去。
夯实基础
用适当的介、副词填空
(1)Sam pushed me over in the playground.
(2)The government is pushing the changes through before the election.
(3)The war has pushed up food prices.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．My sister
the League last month and she has decided to
the activity to help the aged next week.
A．joined；take part
B．joined in；take part in
C．joined in；take part
D．joined；take part in
答案 D
解析 join指加入某组织并成为其中一员，join the League表示“入团”；join in指参加已在进行的比赛或活动；take part in the activity表示“参加活动”。
2．We were intended to meet with Tom at the school gate to play football this afternoon，but he hasn’t
until now.
A．shown up
B．shown off
C．shown around
D．shown on
答案 A
解析 句意为：今天下午我们本打算在校门口和汤姆会面后去踢球，但他直到现在还没露面。show up出现，露面；show off炫耀；show around领某人参观某地。由句意可知A项正确。
3．John is not here today.Who can
him in the game?
A．replace
B．take the place
C．instead of
D．in spite of
答案 A
解析 句意为：今天约翰不在这儿，谁能在这场游戏中代替他？replace代替，符合语意。B项接宾语时要加of；C项为介词短语；D项意为“尽管”。
4．I’m planning to hold a party in the open air，but I can make no guarantees because it
