2024届湖北专版高考英语一轮复习讲义：Unit5《Meetingyourancestors》（新人教版）选修8（课前基础导练+课堂互动探究+课后知能提升）

　　Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors

　　晨背三部曲（话题：世界与环境）

　　满分佳作　

　　(2024·福建高考)假定你是某中学生英语报的小记者，以下漫画内容是你的所见所闻，请根据要求写一篇英语短文投稿。

　　内容要求：

　　1．描述漫画内容；

　　2．发表个人感想。

　　参考词汇：告示牌sign

　　Mind Your Behavior in Public Places

　　Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, ①with the sun shining and birds singing. When I was enjoying the fantastic scenery around, something unpleasant caught my eye. A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world. What's worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby. What a shame!

　　Such behavior left me deep in thought. If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin. I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places. ②Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.

　　热身体验

　　句式仿写

　　1．The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with the sun shining and birds singing.

　　→They drove to the palace, with_the_crowds_cheering (在人群的欢呼声中)．

　　2．Only in this way can we live in more comfor­table and beautiful surroundings.

　　→Only in this way can_you_learn_English_well (你才能学好英语)．

　　Ⅰ.词海拾贝

　　基础记忆

　　1．alternative n．　可能的选择adj.

　　供选择的；其他的

　　2．interrupt vt.& vi.

　　打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止

　　3．assume vt.

　　假定；设想

　　4．category n.

　　种类；类别；范畴

　　5．somehow adv.

　　以……方式；不知怎么地

　　6．delete vt.

　　删；删除

　　7．accelerate vi.& vt.

　　加速；促进

　　8．arrest vt.

　　逮捕；吸引n.

　　逮捕；拘留

　　9．starvation n．挨饿；饿死→starve vi.挨饿；饿死

　　10．accuracy n．精确；准确→accurate adj.准确的；精确的

　　11．sharpen vi.& vt.(使)锋利，尖锐；清晰→sharp adj.锋利的，尖锐的→sharpener n．磨具，削具

　　12．messy adj.凌乱的；脏的→mess n．凌乱；脏

　　13．analysis n．分析→analyses (pl.)→analyse vt.分析

　　14．significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significant adj.重要的

　　15．division n．分割；划分；分配；分界线→divide v．分割，划分，分配

　　16．applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌

　　17．skilful adj.有技巧的；熟练的→skill n．技能，技巧

　　语境记忆

　　18．The launch of China's first space lab module Tiangong­1 is of great significance.In other words, it is significant.(significant)

　　19．The old man was starved to death.People felt pity for his starvation.(starve)

　　篇章记忆

　　Not interrupted by others' opinion, the archaeologist tentatively assumed that the newly­found hammer and spear are significant dating back to 2000 BC, and there were at most 2 pairs of them.

　　Ⅱ.短语互译

　　1.不管；不顾regardless_of

　　2．至多；最多

　　at_most

　　3．切碎

　　cut_up

　　4．受够了；饱受；厌烦

　　fed_up_with

　　5．向前看；为将来打算

　　look_ahead

　　6．date back (to ...)

　　追溯到；始于

　　7．arrest sb. for

　　因……而逮捕某人

　　8．with relief

　　欣慰地

　　9．keep out

　　关在门外；不准入内

　　10．turn to sb. for help

　　向某人求助

　　Ⅲ.句型一览

　　1.would have＋过去分词 “想必……；肯定会……”(常用于虚拟语气)

　　That would_have_kept_them_warm (想必会给他们取暖), cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well.

　　2．if only ... 要是……就好了

　　If_only (要是……就好了) it could be just like last year!

　　3．had done ... when ... 刚刚……这时……

　　She had_almost_reached (就要到达) her destination when (这时) a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.

　　4．only to do“结果却……”，表示意想不到或令人失望的结果

　　Abruptly she sat down, only_to_be_scooped_up (结果却被……搂了起来) by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.

　　Ⅳ.语法自测——现在完成进行时

　　完成句子

　　1．Jonathan, an American who_has_been_working in China for three years, has read some ancient Chinese classics in English and can name several ancient poets such as Li Bai.(work)

　　Jonathan是一位美国人，他这三年一直在中国工作，已经读过一些英文版的中国的古代名著，还能说出几位古代诗人的名字，例如李白。

　　2．They had_been_carrying_out_the_plan for almost one week before I joined them, and now we are still working on it as no good results have come out so far.(carry)

　　在我加入前，他们一直执行这个计划有一个星期了。我们现在仍然在继续进行，因为到目前为止还没有好的结果产生。

　　3．During the interview, should I bring it to the interviewer's attention that I have_been_longing_for the job？(long)

　　在面试的时候我是否该告诉考官我一直渴望得到这份工作？

　　4．Have a break, Amy.You have_been_practising_playing_the piano all the morning.(practise)

　　Amy，休息一会儿吧。你整个上午都在练习弹钢琴。

　　5．It's true that we don't know what we've got until we lose it, but it's also true that we don't know what_we_have_been_missing until it arrives.(miss)

　　的确，直到我们失去时我们才知道曾拥有的是什么，直到我们拥有了我们才知道曾经一直错过的是什么。

　　1.alternative adj.供选择的；其他的 n．可能的选择；选择对象

　　　①You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives.

　　你的工资可以按周以现金支取或按月以支票支取，二者可选其一。

　　(1)have no alternative but to do sth.

　　别无选择只好做某事

　　There's no alternative ...

　　……别无选择

　　an alternative to ...

　　……的替代品

　　(2)alternatively adv.

　　可供选择地

　　We had to go on, for there was no alternative.

　　我们只有继续下去，因为别无选择。

　　③The material's inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic.(2024·湖南阅读C)www-2-1-cnjy-com

　　这种材料的发明者说它有各种各样的潜在用途并且将来有一天能够提供一种更环保的塑料替代品。

　　【联想发散】“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式还有：

　　①have no choice but to do sth.

　　②can't do sth.but do sth.

　　③can do nothing but do sth.

　　在上述结构中若but之前出现实义动词do的某种形式 (does, did, done), but之后要用省略to的不定式，否则， but之后的to不能省略。

　　【对点练习】

　　用所给动词(短语)的适当形式填空

　　①You have no alternative but to_go_on (go on)．

　　②We can't do anything but wait (wait)．

　　③We can do nothing but give_up (give up).

　　2.interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止

　　　①One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting.(2024·浙江阅读C)

　　一个人应描述他或她的状况，而另外一个人应该倾听而不能打断。

　　(1)interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.)

　　　 (因某事)打断某人/某事

　　(2)interruption n.

　　打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物

　　without interruption

　　连续地；不断地

　　I'm sorry to interrupt you, but could you tell me the way to the hospital?

　　对不起，打扰了，你能告诉我去医院怎么走吗？

　　③I managed to work for two hours without interruption.

　　我设法连续工作了两个小时。

　　【对点练习】

　　根据英汉提示完成小片段

　　他说起来没有间断，他的朋友不得不礼貌地打断他引入一个新话题。不幸的是，他依然如此。

　　He spoke without_interruption,_and his friend had to interrupt_him politely to bring in a new topic. Unfortunately, he remained the same.

　　3.assume vt.假定；设想

　　　①When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils.(2024·江苏阅读C)

　　当他开始时，他猜想这种弯曲的形状在年代近些的化石中要更少见。

　　(1)assume sb./sth.to be　

　　假定/假设某人/某事为

　　It is assumed that ...

　　……被认为

　　(2)assumption n.

　　假定；假设

　　make an assumption

　　认为；假定

　　on the assumption that

　　假定

　　(3)assuming that ...

　　假设/假定……

　　The project was predicated on the assumption that the economy was expanding.

　　这一计划是以假定经济发展为依据做出的。

　　③Assuming that speed is kept constant, distance increases with time.

　　假定速度不变，则距离会随时间增大。

　　【对点练习】

　　一句多译

　　许多人认为他是正确的。

　　①A lot of people make_the_assumption_that_he_is_right.

　　②A lot of people assume_him_to_be_right.

　　③It_is_assumed_that he is right.

　　4.significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义

　　　①And all the members should realize the value and significance of what they are going to do.(2011·浙江任务型阅读)

　　并且所有队员应该意识到他们要做的事情的价值和意义。

　　(1)be of (great) significance　有意义/帮助

　　be of no significance

　　无意义/不重要

　　be of little significance

　　不太重要

　　attach (great) significance to

　　认为……重要

　　(2)significant adj.

　　重要的；明显的

　　It is significant that ... (＝ significantly) 很明显……

　　significantly adv.

　　有重大意义地；显著地；明显地

　　②Their change of plan is strange but I think it's of no significance.

　　他们改变了计划十分奇怪，但我觉得没什么意义。

　　【联想发散】其他常见“of＋抽象名词”的短语：

　　①be of help ＝ be helpful

　　②be of value ＝ be valuable

　　③be of importance ＝ be important

　　④be of use ＝ be useful

　　【对点练习】

　　句型转换

　　①Significantly, he changed his will only days before his death.

　　→It is significant that he changed his will only days before his death.

　　②The plan to be carried out is greatly significant to people's life here.

　　→The plan to be carried out is of great significance to people's life here.

　　③We should attach much significance to this matter.

　　→Much significance should be attached to this matter.

　　5.arrest n．逮捕；拘留vt.逮捕；吸引

　　(1)arrest sb.for　因……而逮捕某人

　　get arrested

　　遭到逮捕

　　arrest one's attention

　　引起注意

　　(2)under arrest

　　被捕

　　make an arrest

　　进行拘捕

　　①A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery.

　　一名与这桩抢劫案有关的男子已被逮捕。

　　②The young man got arrested for causing that serious accident.

　　因造成严重事故，这名年轻人被捕了。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①Her laughter arrested_our_attention and we all stared at her.(arrest)

　　她的笑声吸引了我们的注意力，我们都盯着她看。

　　②Fifteen persons were_under_arrest because of the serious violence.(be)

　　由于暴乱十五人被捕。

　　6.regardless of不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)

　　　①If we can allow our children to be themselves without prejudice, they'll build friendships with people, regardless of race or religion, who will be by their side through thick and thin.(2024·福建完形)

　　如果我们允许孩子们没有偏见地正常生活，他们就会和各种种族或宗教的人们建立起友谊，这些人将会和他们同甘共苦。

　　②He went ahead and did it, regardless of the consequences.

　　他说做就做了，没有考虑后果。

　　【个性比较】　regardless of, despite/in spite of

　　regardless of 强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接whether, what引导的从句

　　despite/in

　　spite of 意为“尽管……但是……”，其后一般不接从句

　　【对点练习】

　　选词填空(regardless of/despite)

　　①Regardless_of whether he is right or wrong, we have to follow his decisions.

　　②Despite the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue.

　　7.be fed up with受够了；饱受；厌烦

　　　①We are all fed up with his laziness and carelessness.

　　我们都已无法忍受他的懒惰和粗心。

　　be fed up

　　厌烦

　　feed back

　　反应；反馈

　　feed sb./sth.on sth.

　　用……喂养……

　　feed sth.to sb./sth.

　　喂……给……

　　feed on sth.(动物)

　　以……为食；靠……活

　　②I was getting extremely tired and fed up, because I had too many late nights and early mornings with the children.