2024届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解训练（3）及答案
2024高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（3）及答案
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
A
As you grow older, you’ll be faced with some challenging decisions—like whether to cut class or try cigarettes. Making decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even harder. People who are your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do something, it’s called peer pressure.
Peers can have a positive influence on each other. Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in the solar system. Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book, and now everyone’s reading it. These are examples of how peers positively influence each other.
Sometimes peers influence each other in negative ways. For example, a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them; your soccer friend might try to convince you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball.
It is tough to be the only one who says “no” to peer pressure, but you can do it. Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do.
You’ve probably had a parent or teacher advising you to “choose your friends wisely.” Peer pressure is a big reason why they say this. If you choose friends who don’t cut class, smoke cigarettes, or lie to their parents, then you probably won’t do these things either, even if other kids do.
If you continue to face peer pressure and you’re finding it difficult to handle, talk to someone you trust. Don’t feel guilty if you’ve made a mistake or two.
41. For whom is the passage most probably written?
A. Students.
B. Parents.
C. Teachers.
D. Doctors.
42. In the last three paragraphs, the author mainly_____.
A. explains why friendship is so important
B. gives advice on how to deal with peer pressure
C. discusses how peers influence us
D. shows how to make more good friends
43. Which of following may help handle peer pressure?
A. Spending more time with classmates.
B. Taking up more relaxing hobbies.
C. Choosing friends with no bad habits.
D. Helping others who are in trouble.
44. What is the topic of the passage?
A. Friendship.
B. Making decisions
C. Self-confidence
D. Peer pressure
【参考答案】41—44. ABCD
[时闻型阅读理解](一)
As Apple tries to maintain its growth and success in China, the world's largest smart phone market is becoming even more critical. Apple's shares(股份) fell sharply as the company's earnings for the holiday quarter through December disappointed investors.
The sales of the iPhone, which included both the iPhone 5 and older models, came in at the low end of analysts' expectations, while the company's income plan for the second quarter was below analysts' forecasts, though Apple was known to give conservative (保守的) forecasts.
Some analysts have said that for Apple to regain its growth, the company needs a more aggressive strategy for markets, or more specifically for China, where the market for smart phones has been expanding more rapidly than anywhere else. In China, demand is particularly great for inexpensive phones that run on Android(安卓) operating system, sold by many Chinese phone makers as well as Korea's Samsung Electronics Co.
But Apple says it's already enjoying strong growth in China. “We saw big growth in iPhones，” Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook said. He said that the company had been quickly expanding its sales channels in China, including the number of Apple stores. “This isn't nearly what we need; we're not even close to that, but we're making great progress，” he said.
In China, a big missing piece for Apple is China Mobile Ltd, the biggest local telecom carrier that doesn't yet sell the iPhone. Earlier this month, Mr Cook met China Mobile Chairman Xi Guohua in Beijing and discussed cooperation, stirring hopes that the world's largest mobile carrier may soon start offering the iPhone.
Earlier this month, the Wall Street Journal reported that Apple was working on a lowerend iPhone that could launch as early as this year. But one possible challenge for Apple in China is that lowpriced Androidbased phones are getting better in terms of quality. A report from CLSA in late November showed that many smart phones sold at about 1，000 yuan ($160) came with higherresolution screens, better cameras and more powerful processors than phones at that price did a year earlier.
1．Apple's shares dropped sharply because in December________
A．the iPhone wasn't popular in China
B．its product quality was widely criticized
C．the earnings for the holiday quarter were disappointing
D．the investors were not satisfied with Apple's management
2．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Apple tends to offer a lower sales forecast.
B．China Mobile Ltd began to team up with Apple.
C．Cook was pessimistic about what Apple did in China.
D．Apple didn't take measures to develop Chinese markets.
3．The author uses the report from CLSA to prove________．
A．their prices are actually lower than a year earlier
B．Apple in China has ability to deal with any problem
C．lowerend Androidbased phones are progressing fast
D．the promotion of lowerend iPhones will face a challenge
4．The main purpose of the passage is to show the readers ________．
A．Apple's high popularity in China
B．the challenge Apple faces in China
C．the approaching failure Apple will suffer in China
D．Apple's aggressive strategies in its market expansion
(一)
【要点综述】本文讲述了著名的智能手机生产商苹果公司在中国的销售遇到了很大的挑战，并分析了苹果公司新的对策和做法。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Apple's shares(股份) fell sharply as the company's earnings for the holiday quarter through December disappointed investors.”可知C项正确。
2．A 推理判断题。第二段的“…the company's income plan for the second quarter was below analysts' forecasts，though Apple was known to give conservative (保守的) forecasts.”说明苹果公司向来的预期都很保守。故A正确。
3．D 推理判断题。最后一句“A report from CLSA in late November showed that many smart phones sold at about…than phones at that price did a year earlier.”说明中国国内生产的低端的智能手机质量都很好；如果苹果公司生产这样的产品，会面临很大的挑战。故D正确。
4．B 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，苹果公司在中国遇到了较大的困难和挑战。故B正确。
阅读理解
BEIJING —With a series of measures being adopted to control price rise, the Chinese government is confident of keeping prices at a reasonable level, Premier Wen Jiabao said Sunday morning, asking people to remain confident.
“I believe we can keep prices at a reasonable level through our efforts. As a major leader of the government, I have the responsibility and I have the confidence, too.” He made the remarks while answering a listener’s question during a radio broadcast by China National Radio.
Steps taken in the past month, including price controls to curb speculation(抑制投机) and monetary tightening（货币紧缩）, had started to produce results, he said.
The government plans to build 10 million units of affordable housing in 2011, up from this year’s target of 5.8 million.
China will also increase efforts to curb speculation in the housing market, mainly through monetary policies and stricter use of land, Wen said, without giving details.
Wen said the country had a good agricultural supply base which gave the government confidence that it could stabilize prices.
In a bid to control inflation, the government has also increased the bank reserve requirement ratio six times and lifted interest rate twice this year, he added.
Further, authorities have introduced many measures including cutting fees for transportation of agriculture products and controlling food price rise strictly.
The overall price level, especially of major consumer goods, has now begun to drop, Wen said.
“The fundamental way to stabilize prices is to achieve a balance of supply and demand, which requires continuous development of agriculture,” said premier, adding that the central government has worked out measures to increase agricultural production.
68. Premier Wen Jiabao asked people to remain confident because ______.
A. many measures have been taken to control price
B. as a major leader of the government, he had the confidence
C. he wanted to comfort them
D. China will increase efforts to control price
69. The key to keeping prices at a reasonable level lies in ______.
A. taking more strict measures
B. the leaders’ confidence
C. achieve a balance of supply and demand
D. having a good agricultural supply base
70. The best title of the passage should be ______.
A. More efforts on controlling price rise
B. Chinese government is confident of controlling price rise
C. Major consumer goods’ price dropped
D. The bank lifted interest rate.
【答案】
68—70、ACB
[文化教育型阅读理解(一)] (三)
A practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and postintermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.
The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.
In the fourth edition，the main changes are as follows.
1. Explanation and examples have been brought up to date.
2. There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of place, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses.
3. Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example, parts of chapters on can, may, must, etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.
4. The content list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more references.
In this edition the sign “～” is frequently used to show a change of speakers in examples of dialogues. Although the sign “＝” sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e．g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.
We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.
London, November 1985
A．J.T., A．VM
1．The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for ________．
A．a middle school teacher
B．a primary school student
C．a senior high student
D．a college student
2．According to the passage, we know that his grammar book________．
A．compares modern English with old English
B．gives a large number of examples to reduce difficulty
C．attaches more importance to controversial forms
D．pays little attention to strict grammatical forms
3．Which of the following statements about the changes is TRUE?
A．This book keeps up with the latest usages of the American English language.
B．This edition offers more information about pronouns.
C．It's not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.
D．One particular chapter discusses verbs like “care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish”．
4．When you see this line in the book, “Did you get a ticket? ～Yes, I managed to get one.”， we can understand that ________．
A．the two parts before and after the sign “～” mean the same
B．the two parts before and after “～” are said by two different people
C．the second speaker repeats what the first speaker says
D．the topic is changed in the part after the sign “～”
5．In the last paragraph, the authors thank several people because________．
A．they have helped the authors with this edition
B．they have agreed to buy a lot of books from the authors
C．the authors want to make use of the fame of those people
D．those people will make advertisements for this book
(三)
【要点综述】本文主要介绍了一本语法书的特点及对它的第四版的主要变化进行了介绍。
1．B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and postintermediate students.”可知，语法书适合中级水平或者更高水平的学者，即不适用于小学生。故选B项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.”可知，更加注重于有争议的形式。故选C项。
3．D 推理判断题。根据第三条的“…verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves…”可知。故选D项。
4．B 细节理解题。从“In this edition the sign ‘～’ is frequently used to show a change of speakers in examples of dialogues.”可知，“～”表示两个不同的人在对话，所以前后两部分是不同的人说话的内容。故选B项。
5．A 细节理解题。从“We would also like to thank Professor…for their friendly and helpful suggestions.”可知，他们这些人都给作者们提供了好的建议和帮助。故选A项。
