五年高考(2011-2024)英语试题分项精解:专题01 冠词(解析版)

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五年高考(2011-2024)英语试题分项精解:专题01 冠词(解析版)

  精品5年高考分类精编之冠词

  1.2024·四川卷]

  Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be ________

  Beethoven.

  A.a

  B.an

  C.the

  D.不填

  2. 2024·陕西卷] ________more learned a man is,________more modest he usually becomes.

  A. The; the

  B. A; a

  C. The; a

  D. A; the

  3.2024·浙江卷]

  Jane's grandmother had wanted to write

  ________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________

  way.

  A.a; /

  B.the;the

  C./; the

  D.a;the

  【答案】D 

  【解析】句意:简的奶奶很多年来一直想写一本(关于)孩子的书,但总是被这事或那事耽搁了。第一空a children's book中的a表示“一本”,所以用不定冠词a;而第二空涉及的in the way是固定用法,表示“挡道, 4. 2024·重庆卷] I just heard________ bank where Dora works was robbed by________ gunman wearing a mask.

  A. the; / B. a; / C. the; a D. a; the

  二、语法填空

  1.2024·全国卷Ⅱ]

  The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________

  most modern of architects and engineers.

  解析]

  61. built  build与前面的the adobe dwellings构成动宾关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。

  62. the  空格后面的most是形容词最高级,故前面使用the。

  2.2024·广东卷]

  Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned

  解析]

  16. a 考查冠词。名词farm第一次出现,表示泛指,故填a。

  三、短文改错

  1.【2024·陕西】At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked.

  解析]a改为the这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。a改为the。

  2. 【2024·浙江】I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.

  【解析】in hurry- in a hurry考查冠词

  in a hurry 意为“立刻”,也是一个固定搭配。

  3.【2024·新课标全国II】A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop.

  【解析】a改为the

  由上下文可知,此处shop是第二次出现,应该用定冠词,故a改为the。

  【2024·新课标全国I】Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.

  【解析】countryside前加the 句意:但是我想念农村的家乡。这里countryside是特指,故用定冠词the。

  201年高考试题

  ’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the village.

  A. the; a

  B. a; /

  C. a; the

  D. the; /

  【答案】A

  【解析】

  试题分析:去威尔逊家的道路是特定的,故选择定冠词;本村没有叫做威尔逊的人。叫威尔逊的人有很多,不具有唯一性,故选择不定冠词。A项正确。

  【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

  2.【2024·天津卷】8. Life is like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.

  A. an; the

  B. the; a

  C. the ;/

  D. / ; a

  【答案Captain后跟了个介词短语of the team作定语,表特指;后一空表类型(一个聪明的领导者),因此C选项正确。句意为“ 他们选了汤姆为这个队的队长,那是因为他们知道汤姆是个聪明的头儿。”

  【考点定位】考查冠词用法

  4.【2024·陕西卷】19. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.

  A. The; a

  B. A; the

  C. The; the

  D. A; a

  【考点定位】考查冠词。

  2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______night.

     A. a; the                B. the; 不填          C. a; a                 D. 不填;the

  【答案】A

  【试题分析】第一空a表示“每一”;into the night到深夜;句意:我的论文下个月就要交,我现在一周工作七天,还经常熬夜到深夜。故选A。

  【考点定位】考查冠词。

  二、语法填空

  1.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]Now, years later, this river is one of __63__ most outstanding examples of environmental clean­up.

  the “one of+可数名词的复数”表示“……之一”;the most outstanding 是最高级,用来修饰examples;形容词的最高级与定冠词连用。

  2.2024·广东卷]She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __23__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.

  23. the 考查冠词。特指“顶楼”用定冠词the。

  2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]As result, the plants are growing somewhere.

  As a result意为:结果。是固定表达。

  2.2024·陕西卷]insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!

  【解析】a改成an

  考查冠词的用法。此处impressive以元音开头,所以用an。

  3.2024·浙江卷]The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]2024·四川卷]2024年高考试题

  1.2024·福建卷] The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well-being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.

  A. the; a

  B. a; a

  C. a; the

  D. the; the

  【答案】B 

  【解析】“a” 表示泛指或数量“一”, “the”则表特指, 意为“这个, 那个,这些,那些”。句意为: “中国梦”是一个要提高中国人民福利的梦, 一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。故两个空格均应用“a”。

  【考点定位】考查冠词辨析和用法。

  2.2024·江西卷] Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man.

  A. a ; /

  B. the ; the

  C. a ; the

  D. / ; /

  3.2024·山东卷] It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky.

  A. 不填;a

  B. a; the

  C. the; a

  D. the; 不填

  4.2024·陕西卷] Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________

  thirteenth century.

  A.the; a

  B.a; 不填

  C.不填; the

  D.the; the

  5.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅱ] Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and ________

  break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.

  A.a; a

  B. the;

  the

  C./; the

  D.a; /

  6.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] India attained ________ independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle.

  A./; a

  B. the;

  a

  C. an; /

  D. an;

  the

  【考点定位】本题考查冠词的用法。

  7.2024·浙江卷] People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning.

  A. a; an

  B. a; /

  C. /; the

  D. the; an

  【考点定位】考查冠词。

  8.2024·重庆卷] The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee.

  A.a; /

  B.the; /

  C.the; an

  D.a; an

  【答案】C 

  【解析】第一空由于有后续同位语从句的特指说明,因此用定冠词;第二空需要的手术是首次提及,用不定冠词。

  【考点定位】考查冠词用法。答案 【解析’t usually stay at

  hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.

  A./; a B.the; the C./; the D.the; a

  【答案C解析hotel为复数,前不会用定冠词the来修饰;江,河,湖,海前要加定冠词

  【考点冠词

  2. The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.

  A. 不填, the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a

  【2024安徽卷】21. Carl is studying

  food science at college and hopes to open up

  meat

  processing factory of his own one day.

  A.

  / ; a

  B. / ;the

  C. the ; a

  D. the ; the

  science是不可数名词,用the表示特指是不可能的,后面的factory是一个可数名词,用a 表示泛指。

  本题考查冠词

  【2024辽宁卷】21.

  I woke up with

  bad headache, yet by

  evening the pain had gone.

  A.

  the; the

  B.

  the; an

  C.

  a; the

  D.

  a; an

  【答案】C

  【解析】句意:我醒来的时候头疼的厉害,可是到了晚上头疼消失了。第一空表示泛指第二空为,用定冠词the

  【2024全国新课程】22. Sarah looked at

  finished painting with

  satisfaction.

  A.不填;a

  B. a; the

  C. the; 不填

  D. the; a

  【2024山东卷】29. Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.

  A. the; the

  B. a; a

  C. a; 不填

  D. 不填;a

  【答案解析a drink意为:一杯饮料;第二空中的a comfort意为:一件令人安慰的事。句意:在那些艰难的岁月里,能买得起一杯饮料是一种莫大的安慰。

  【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

  【2011全国卷,33】It is generally accepted that________ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man.

  A.a; a

  B.a; the

  C.the; the

  D.a; 不填A

  【解析】句意为“人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会做一个男子汉,能挺身而出,勇于战斗。”a boy和 a man都是泛指,表示一类人。单数可数名词泛指应在名词前加不定冠词a。考查冠词的用法。

  【2011全国卷II,16】As he reached __________ front door, Jack saw ________ strange sight.

  A. the;不填

  B. a; the

  C.不填a

  D. the; a2011山东卷21】Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.

  A.不填;the

  B. a; the

  C. the; a

  D.不填;aB

  【解析】句意为“别急—从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。”a short distance短距离,是固定搭配的短语;the restaurant指双方都知道的餐馆,故用the特指。选B。

  【考点定位】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。

  【2011浙江卷,2】Experts think that

  __________recently discovered painting may be ________

  Picsso.

  A.the ;不填 B. a ;the

  C. a ; 不填 D. the; a

  【2011四川卷18】Dr.Peter Spence, _________ headmaster of the school, told us, “ ________ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

  A. 不填;A

  B.不填;The

  C.the; The

  D.a; AA

  【解析】句意为“校长Peter Spence告诉我们说,我校的五分之一学生将到牛津大学和剑桥大学去学习。”headmaster校长,职务前面不加冠词;a fifth表示五分之一。因此选A。

  【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

  【2011重庆卷26】In communication, a smile is usually __________ strong sign of a friendly and _______ open attitude.

  A. the, /

  B. a, an

  C. a, /

  D. the, an

  【2011陕西卷13】As is known to all, _________People’s Republic of China is ________ biggest developing country in the world.

  A.the ;不填

  B. 不填 ;the

  C. the ;the

  D. 不填;不填2011江西卷22】——It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _____ year.

  —— Right, he will also get paid by

  _____ week.

  A. the; the

  B. a; the

  C. the; a

  D.a; a

  【答案】B

  【解析】前一句句意为:据说John将会有一份年工资超过60000美金的工作,表时间单位每年,冠词用a,后一句说没错,他也将会以每周的方式得到薪水。by后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词the。因此选B。

  【考点定位】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。

  精品5年高考分类精编之冠词

  1.2024·四川卷]

  Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be ________

  Beethoven.

  A.a

  B.an

  C.the

  D.不填

  2. 2024·陕西卷] ________more learned a man is,________more modest he usually becomes.

  A. The; the

  B. A; a

  C. The; a

  D. A; the

  3.2024·浙江卷]

  Jane's grandmother had wanted to write

  ________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________

  way.

  A.a; /

  B.the;the

  C./; the

  D.a;the

  【答案】D 

  【解析】句意:简的奶奶很多年来一直想写一本(关于)孩子的书,但总是被这事或那事耽搁了。第一空a children's book中的a表示“一本”,所以用不定冠词a;而第二空涉及的in the way是固定用法,表示“挡道, 4. 2024·重庆卷] I just heard________ bank where Dora works was robbed by________ gunman wearing a mask.

  A. the; / B. a; / C. the; a D. a; the

  二、语法填空

  1.2024·全国卷Ⅱ]

  The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________

  most modern of architects and engineers.

  解析]

  61. built  build与前面的the adobe dwellings构成动宾关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。

  62. the  空格后面的most是形容词最高级,故前面使用the。

  2.2024·广东卷]

  Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned

  解析]

  16. a 考查冠词。名词farm第一次出现,表示泛指,故填a。

  三、短文改错

  1.【2024·陕西】At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked.

  解析]a改为the这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。a改为the。

  2. 【2024·浙江】I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.

  【解析】in hurry- in a hurry考查冠词

  in a hurry 意为“立刻”,也是一个固定搭配。

  3.【2024·新课标全国II】A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop.

  【解析】a改为the

  由上下文可知,此处shop是第二次出现,应该用定冠词,故a改为the。

  【2024·新课标全国I】Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.

  【解析】countryside前加the 句意:但是我想念农村的家乡。这里countryside是特指,故用定冠词the。

  201年高考试题

  ’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the village.

  A. the; a

  B. a; /

  C. a; the

  D. the; /

  【答案】A

  【解析】

  试题分析:去威尔逊家的道路是特定的,故选择定冠词;本村没有叫做威尔逊的人。叫威尔逊的人有很多,不具有唯一性,故选择不定冠词。A项正确。

  【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

  2.【2024·天津卷】8. Life is like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.

  A. an; the

  B. the; a

  C. the ;/

  D. / ; a

  【答案Captain后跟了个介词短语of the team作定语,表特指;后一空表类型(一个聪明的领导者),因此C选项正确。句意为“ 他们选了汤姆为这个队的队长,那是因为他们知道汤姆是个聪明的头儿。”

  【考点定位】考查冠词用法

  4.【2024·陕西卷】19. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.

  A. The; a

  B. A; the

  C. The; the

  D. A; a

  【考点定位】考查冠词。

  2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______night.

     A. a; the                B. the; 不填          C. a; a                 D. 不填;the

  【答案】A

  【试题分析】第一空a表示“每一”;into the night到深夜;句意:我的论文下个月就要交,我现在一周工作七天,还经常熬夜到深夜。故选A。

  【考点定位】考查冠词。

  二、语法填空

  1.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]Now, years later, this river is one of __63__ most outstanding examples of environmental clean­up.

  the “one of+可数名词的复数”表示“……之一”;the most outstanding 是最高级,用来修饰examples;形容词的最高级与定冠词连用。

  2.2024·广东卷]She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __23__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.

  23. the 考查冠词。特指“顶楼”用定冠词the。

  2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]As result, the plants are growing somewhere.

  As a result意为:结果。是固定表达。

  2.2024·陕西卷]insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!

  【解析】a改成an

  考查冠词的用法。此处impressive以元音开头,所以用an。

  3.2024·浙江卷]The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]2024·四川卷]2024年高考试题

  1.2024·福建卷] The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well-being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.

  A. the; a

  B. a; a

  C. a; the

  D. the; the

  【答案】B 

  【解析】“a” 表示泛指或数量“一”, “the”则表特指, 意为“这个, 那个,这些,那些”。句意为: “中国梦”是一个要提高中国人民福利的梦, 一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。故两个空格均应用“a”。

  【考点定位】考查冠词辨析和用法。

  2.2024·江西卷] Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man.

  A. a ; /

  B. the ; the

  C. a ; the

  D. / ; /

  3.2024·山东卷] It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky.

  A. 不填;a

  B. a; the

  C. the; a

  D. the; 不填

  4.2024·陕西卷] Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________

  thirteenth century.

  A.the; a

  B.a; 不填

  C.不填; the

  D.the; the

  5.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅱ] Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and ________

  break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.

  A.a; a

  B. the;

  the

  C./; the

  D.a; /

  6.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] India attained ________ independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle.

  A./; a

  B. the;

  a

  C. an; /

  D. an;

  the

  【考点定位】本题考查冠词的用法。

  7.2024·浙江卷] People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning.

  A. a; an

  B. a; /

  C. /; the

  D. the; an

  【考点定位】考查冠词。

  8.2024·重庆卷] The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee.

  A.a; /

  B.the; /

  C.the; an

  D.a; an

  【答案】C 

  【解析】第一空由于有后续同位语从句的特指说明,因此用定冠词;第二空需要的手术是首次提及,用不定冠词。

  【考点定位】考查冠词用法。答案 【解析’t usually stay at

  hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.

  A./; a B.the; the C./; the D.the; a

  【答案C解析hotel为复数,前不会用定冠词the来修饰;江,河,湖,海前要加定冠词

  【考点冠词

  2. The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.

  A. 不填, the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a

  【2024安徽卷】21. Carl is studying

  food science at college and hopes to open up

  meat

  processing factory of his own one day.

  A.

  / ; a

  B. / ;the

  C. the ; a

  D. the ; the

  science是不可数名词,用the表示特指是不可能的,后面的factory是一个可数名词,用a 表示泛指。

  本题考查冠词

  【2024辽宁卷】21.

  I woke up with

  bad headache, yet by

  evening the pain had gone.

  A.

  the; the

  B.

  the; an

  C.

  a; the

  D.

  a; an

  【答案】C

  【解析】句意:我醒来的时候头疼的厉害,可是到了晚上头疼消失了。第一空表示泛指第二空为,用定冠词the

  【2024全国新课程】22. Sarah looked at

  finished painting with

  satisfaction.

  A.不填;a

  B. a; the

  C. the; 不填

  D. the; a

  【2024山东卷】29. Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.

  A. the; the

  B. a; a

  C. a; 不填

  D. 不填;a

  【答案解析a drink意为:一杯饮料;第二空中的a comfort意为:一件令人安慰的事。句意:在那些艰难的岁月里,能买得起一杯饮料是一种莫大的安慰。

  【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

  【2011全国卷,33】It is generally accepted that________ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man.

  A.a; a

  B.a; the

  C.the; the

  D.a; 不填A

  【解析】句意为“人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会做一个男子汉,能挺身而出,勇于战斗。”a boy和 a man都是泛指,表示一类人。单数可数名词泛指应在名词前加不定冠词a。考查冠词的用法。

  【2011全国卷II,16】As he reached __________ front door, Jack saw ________ strange sight.

  A. the;不填

  B. a; the

  C.不填a

  D. the; a2011山东卷21】Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.

  A.不填;the

  B. a; the

  C. the; a

  D.不填;aB

  【解析】句意为“别急—从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。”a short distance短距离,是固定搭配的短语;the restaurant指双方都知道的餐馆,故用the特指。选B。

  【考点定位】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。

  【2011浙江卷,2】Experts think that

  __________recently discovered painting may be ________

  Picsso.

  A.the ;不填 B. a ;the

  C. a ; 不填 D. the; a

  【2011四川卷18】Dr.Peter Spence, _________ headmaster of the school, told us, “ ________ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

  A. 不填;A

  B.不填;The

  C.the; The

  D.a; AA

  【解析】句意为“校长Peter Spence告诉我们说,我校的五分之一学生将到牛津大学和剑桥大学去学习。”headmaster校长,职务前面不加冠词;a fifth表示五分之一。因此选A。

  【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

  【2011重庆卷26】In communication, a smile is usually __________ strong sign of a friendly and _______ open attitude.

  A. the, /

  B. a, an

  C. a, /

  D. the, an

  【2011陕西卷13】As is known to all, _________People’s Republic of China is ________ biggest developing country in the world.

  A.the ;不填

  B. 不填 ;the

  C. the ;the

  D. 不填;不填2011江西卷22】——It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _____ year.

  —— Right, he will also get paid by

  _____ week.

  A. the; the

  B. a; the

  C. the; a

  D.a; a

  【答案】B

  【解析】前一句句意为:据说John将会有一份年工资超过60000美金的工作,表时间单位每年,冠词用a,后一句说没错,他也将会以每周的方式得到薪水。by后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词the。因此选B。

  【考点定位】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。