五年高考（2011-2024）英语试题分项精解：专题01 冠词（解析版）

　　精品5年高考分类精编之冠词

　　1．2024·四川卷]

　　Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be ________

　　Beethoven.

　　A．a

　　B．an

　　C．the

　　D．不填

　　2. 2024·陕西卷] ________more learned a man is，________more modest he usually becomes.

　　A. The; the

　　B. A; a

　　C. The; a

　　D. A; the

　　3．2024·浙江卷]

　　Jane's grandmother had wanted to write

　　________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________

　　way.

　　A．a; /

　　B．the；the

　　C．/; the

　　D．a；the

　　【答案】D　

　　【解析】句意：简的奶奶很多年来一直想写一本(关于)孩子的书，但总是被这事或那事耽搁了。第一空a children's book中的a表示“一本”，所以用不定冠词a；而第二空涉及的in the way是固定用法，表示“挡道， 4. 2024·重庆卷] I just heard________ bank where Dora works was robbed by________ gunman wearing a mask.

　　A. the; /　B. a; /　C. the; a　D. a; the

　　二、语法填空

　　1.2024·全国卷Ⅱ]

　　The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________

　　most modern of architects and engineers.

　　解析]

　　61. built 　build与前面的the adobe dwellings构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。

　　62. the 　空格后面的most是形容词最高级，故前面使用the。

　　2.2024·广东卷]

　　Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned

　　解析]

　　16. a　考查冠词。名词farm第一次出现，表示泛指，故填a。

　　三、短文改错

　　1.【2024·陕西】At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked.

　　解析]a改为the这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。a改为the。

　　2. 【2024·浙江】I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.

　　【解析】in hurry- in a hurry考查冠词

　　in a hurry 意为“立刻”，也是一个固定搭配。

　　3.【2024·新课标全国II】A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop.

　　【解析】a改为the

　　由上下文可知，此处shop是第二次出现，应该用定冠词，故a改为the。

　　【2024·新课标全国I】Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.

　　【解析】countryside前加the 句意：但是我想念农村的家乡。这里countryside是特指，故用定冠词the。

　　201年高考试题

　　’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the village.

　　A. the; a

　　B. a; /

　　C. a; the

　　D. the; /

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：去威尔逊家的道路是特定的，故选择定冠词；本村没有叫做威尔逊的人。叫威尔逊的人有很多，不具有唯一性，故选择不定冠词。A项正确。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

　　2.【2024·天津卷】8. Life is like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.

　　A. an; the

　　B. the; a

　　C. the ;/

　　D. / ; a

　　【答案Captain后跟了个介词短语of the team作定语，表特指；后一空表类型（一个聪明的领导者），因此C选项正确。句意为“ 他们选了汤姆为这个队的队长，那是因为他们知道汤姆是个聪明的头儿。”

　　【考点定位】考查冠词用法

　　4.【2024·陕西卷】19. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.

　　A. The; a

　　B. A; the

　　C. The; the

　　D. A; a

　　【考点定位】考查冠词。

　　2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______night.

　　   A. a; the                B. the; 不填          C. a; a                 D. 不填；the

　　【答案】A

　　【试题分析】第一空a表示“每一”；into the night到深夜；句意：我的论文下个月就要交，我现在一周工作七天，还经常熬夜到深夜。故选A。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词。

　　二、语法填空

　　1.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]Now, years later, this river is one of __63__ most outstanding examples of environmental clean­up.

　　the　“one of＋可数名词的复数”表示“……之一”；the most outstanding 是最高级，用来修饰examples；形容词的最高级与定冠词连用。

　　2.2024·广东卷]She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __23__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.

　　23. the　考查冠词。特指“顶楼”用定冠词the。

　　2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]As result, the plants are growing somewhere.

　　As a result意为：结果。是固定表达。

　　2.2024·陕西卷]insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!

　　【解析】a改成an

　　考查冠词的用法。此处impressive以元音开头，所以用an。

　　3.2024·浙江卷]The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]2024·四川卷]2024年高考试题

　　1．2024·福建卷] The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well－being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.

　　A. the; a

　　B. a; a

　　C. a; the

　　D. the; the

　　【答案】B　

　　【解析】“a” 表示泛指或数量“一”， “the”则表特指， 意为“这个， 那个，这些，那些”。句意为： “中国梦”是一个要提高中国人民福利的梦， 一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。故两个空格均应用“a”。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词辨析和用法。

　　2．2024·江西卷] Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man.

　　A. a ; /

　　B. the ; the

　　C. a ; the

　　D. / ; /

　　3．2024·山东卷] It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky.

　　A. 不填；a

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D. the; 不填

　　4．2024·陕西卷] Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________

　　thirteenth century.

　　A．the; a

　　B．a; 不填

　　C．不填； the

　　D．the; the

　　5．2024·新课标全国卷Ⅱ] Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight，and ________

　　break for cheese，chocolate and tea with sugar.

　　A．a; a

　　B. the;

　　the

　　C．/; the

　　D．a; /

　　6．2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] India attained ________ independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle.

　　A./; a

　　B. the;

　　a

　　C. an; /

　　D. an;

　　the

　　【考点定位】本题考查冠词的用法。

　　7．2024·浙江卷] People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning.

　　A. a; an

　　B. a; /

　　C. /; the

　　D. the; an

　　【考点定位】考查冠词。

　　8．2024·重庆卷] The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee.

　　A．a; /

　　B．the; /

　　C．the; an

　　D．a; an

　　【答案】C　

　　【解析】第一空由于有后续同位语从句的特指说明，因此用定冠词；第二空需要的手术是首次提及，用不定冠词。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词用法。答案 【解析’t usually stay at

　　hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.

　　A．/; a B．the; the C．/; the D．the; a

　　【答案C解析hotel为复数，前不会用定冠词the来修饰；江，河，湖，海前要加定冠词

　　【考点冠词

　　2. The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.

　　A. 不填, the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a

　　【2024安徽卷】21. Carl is studying

　　food science at college and hopes to open up

　　meat

　　processing factory of his own one day.

　　A.

　　/ ； a

　　B. / ；the

　　C. the ; a

　　D. the ; the

　　science是不可数名词，用the表示特指是不可能的，后面的factory是一个可数名词，用a 表示泛指。

　　本题考查冠词

　　【2024辽宁卷】21.

　　I woke up with

　　bad headache, yet by

　　evening the pain had gone.

　　A.

　　the; the

　　B.

　　the; an

　　C.

　　a; the

　　D.

　　a; an

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】句意：我醒来的时候头疼的厉害，可是到了晚上头疼消失了。第一空表示泛指第二空为，用定冠词the

　　【2024全国新课程】22. Sarah looked at

　　finished painting with

　　satisfaction.

　　A.不填；a

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; 不填

　　D. the; a

　　【2024山东卷】29. Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.

　　A. the; the

　　B. a; a

　　C. a; 不填

　　D. 不填；a

　　【答案解析a drink意为：一杯饮料；第二空中的a comfort意为：一件令人安慰的事。句意：在那些艰难的岁月里，能买得起一杯饮料是一种莫大的安慰。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

　　【2011全国卷,33】It is generally accepted that________ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man.

　　A.a; a

　　B.a; the

　　C.the; the

　　D.a; 不填A

　　【解析】句意为“人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会做一个男子汉，能挺身而出，勇于战斗。”a boy和 a man都是泛指，表示一类人。单数可数名词泛指应在名词前加不定冠词a。考查冠词的用法。

　　【2011全国卷II,16】As he reached __________ front door, Jack saw ________ strange sight.

　　A. the;不填

　　B. a; the

　　C.不填a

　　D. the; a2011山东卷21】Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.

　　A.不填；the

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D.不填；aB

　　【解析】句意为“别急—从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。”a short distance短距离，是固定搭配的短语；the restaurant指双方都知道的餐馆，故用the特指。选B。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。

　　【2011浙江卷,2】Experts think that

　　__________recently discovered painting may be ________

　　Picsso.

　　A.the ;不填 B. a ;the

　　C. a ; 不填 D. the; a

　　【2011四川卷18】Dr.Peter Spence, _________ headmaster of the school, told us, “ ________ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

　　A. 不填；A

　　B.不填；The

　　C.the; The

　　D.a; AA

　　【解析】句意为“校长Peter Spence告诉我们说，我校的五分之一学生将到牛津大学和剑桥大学去学习。”headmaster校长，职务前面不加冠词；a fifth表示五分之一。因此选A。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

　　【2011重庆卷26】In communication, a smile is usually __________ strong sign of a friendly and _______ open attitude.

　　A. the, /

　　B. a, an

　　C. a, /

　　D. the, an

　　【2011陕西卷13】As is known to all, _________People’s Republic of China is ________ biggest developing country in the world.

　　A.the ;不填

　　B. 不填 ；the

　　C. the ；the

　　D. 不填；不填2011江西卷22】——It’s said John will be in a job paying over ＄60,000 _____ year.

　　—— Right, he will also get paid by

　　_____ week.

　　A. the; the

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D.a; a

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】前一句句意为：据说John将会有一份年工资超过60000美金的工作，表时间单位每年，冠词用a，后一句说没错，他也将会以每周的方式得到薪水。by后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词the。因此选B。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。

　　精品5年高考分类精编之冠词

　　1．2024·四川卷]

　　Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be ________

　　Beethoven.

　　A．a

　　B．an

　　C．the

　　D．不填

　　2. 2024·陕西卷] ________more learned a man is，________more modest he usually becomes.

　　A. The; the

　　B. A; a

　　C. The; a

　　D. A; the

　　3．2024·浙江卷]

　　Jane's grandmother had wanted to write

　　________ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________

　　way.

　　A．a; /

　　B．the；the

　　C．/; the

　　D．a；the

　　【答案】D　

　　【解析】句意：简的奶奶很多年来一直想写一本(关于)孩子的书，但总是被这事或那事耽搁了。第一空a children's book中的a表示“一本”，所以用不定冠词a；而第二空涉及的in the way是固定用法，表示“挡道， 4. 2024·重庆卷] I just heard________ bank where Dora works was robbed by________ gunman wearing a mask.

　　A. the; /　B. a; /　C. the; a　D. a; the

　　二、语法填空

　　1.2024·全国卷Ⅱ]

　　The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________

　　most modern of architects and engineers.

　　解析]

　　61. built 　build与前面的the adobe dwellings构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。

　　62. the 　空格后面的most是形容词最高级，故前面使用the。

　　2.2024·广东卷]

　　Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned

　　解析]

　　16. a　考查冠词。名词farm第一次出现，表示泛指，故填a。

　　三、短文改错

　　1.【2024·陕西】At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked.

　　解析]a改为the这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。a改为the。

　　2. 【2024·浙江】I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.

　　【解析】in hurry- in a hurry考查冠词

　　in a hurry 意为“立刻”，也是一个固定搭配。

　　3.【2024·新课标全国II】A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop.

　　【解析】a改为the

　　由上下文可知，此处shop是第二次出现，应该用定冠词，故a改为the。

　　【2024·新课标全国I】Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.

　　【解析】countryside前加the 句意：但是我想念农村的家乡。这里countryside是特指，故用定冠词the。

　　201年高考试题

　　’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the village.

　　A. the; a

　　B. a; /

　　C. a; the

　　D. the; /

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：去威尔逊家的道路是特定的，故选择定冠词；本村没有叫做威尔逊的人。叫威尔逊的人有很多，不具有唯一性，故选择不定冠词。A项正确。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

　　2.【2024·天津卷】8. Life is like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.

　　A. an; the

　　B. the; a

　　C. the ;/

　　D. / ; a

　　【答案Captain后跟了个介词短语of the team作定语，表特指；后一空表类型（一个聪明的领导者），因此C选项正确。句意为“ 他们选了汤姆为这个队的队长，那是因为他们知道汤姆是个聪明的头儿。”

　　【考点定位】考查冠词用法

　　4.【2024·陕西卷】19. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.

　　A. The; a

　　B. A; the

　　C. The; the

　　D. A; a

　　【考点定位】考查冠词。

　　2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______night.

　　   A. a; the                B. the; 不填          C. a; a                 D. 不填；the

　　【答案】A

　　【试题分析】第一空a表示“每一”；into the night到深夜；句意：我的论文下个月就要交，我现在一周工作七天，还经常熬夜到深夜。故选A。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词。

　　二、语法填空

　　1.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]Now, years later, this river is one of __63__ most outstanding examples of environmental clean­up.

　　the　“one of＋可数名词的复数”表示“……之一”；the most outstanding 是最高级，用来修饰examples；形容词的最高级与定冠词连用。

　　2.2024·广东卷]She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __23__ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.

　　23. the　考查冠词。特指“顶楼”用定冠词the。

　　2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]As result, the plants are growing somewhere.

　　As a result意为：结果。是固定表达。

　　2.2024·陕西卷]insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!

　　【解析】a改成an

　　考查冠词的用法。此处impressive以元音开头，所以用an。

　　3.2024·浙江卷]The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.2024·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]2024·四川卷]2024年高考试题

　　1．2024·福建卷] The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well－being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.

　　A. the; a

　　B. a; a

　　C. a; the

　　D. the; the

　　【答案】B　

　　【解析】“a” 表示泛指或数量“一”， “the”则表特指， 意为“这个， 那个，这些，那些”。句意为： “中国梦”是一个要提高中国人民福利的梦， 一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。故两个空格均应用“a”。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词辨析和用法。

　　2．2024·江西卷] Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man.

　　A. a ; /

　　B. the ; the

　　C. a ; the

　　D. / ; /

　　3．2024·山东卷] It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky.

　　A. 不填；a

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D. the; 不填

　　4．2024·陕西卷] Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________

　　thirteenth century.

　　A．the; a

　　B．a; 不填

　　C．不填； the

　　D．the; the

　　5．2024·新课标全国卷Ⅱ] Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight，and ________

　　break for cheese，chocolate and tea with sugar.

　　A．a; a

　　B. the;

　　the

　　C．/; the

　　D．a; /

　　6．2024·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] India attained ________ independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle.

　　A./; a

　　B. the;

　　a

　　C. an; /

　　D. an;

　　the

　　【考点定位】本题考查冠词的用法。

　　7．2024·浙江卷] People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning.

　　A. a; an

　　B. a; /

　　C. /; the

　　D. the; an

　　【考点定位】考查冠词。

　　8．2024·重庆卷] The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee.

　　A．a; /

　　B．the; /

　　C．the; an

　　D．a; an

　　【答案】C　

　　【解析】第一空由于有后续同位语从句的特指说明，因此用定冠词；第二空需要的手术是首次提及，用不定冠词。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词用法。答案 【解析’t usually stay at

　　hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.

　　A．/; a B．the; the C．/; the D．the; a

　　【答案C解析hotel为复数，前不会用定冠词the来修饰；江，河，湖，海前要加定冠词

　　【考点冠词

　　2. The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.

　　A. 不填, the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a

　　【2024安徽卷】21. Carl is studying

　　food science at college and hopes to open up

　　meat

　　processing factory of his own one day.

　　A.

　　/ ； a

　　B. / ；the

　　C. the ; a

　　D. the ; the

　　science是不可数名词，用the表示特指是不可能的，后面的factory是一个可数名词，用a 表示泛指。

　　本题考查冠词

　　【2024辽宁卷】21.

　　I woke up with

　　bad headache, yet by

　　evening the pain had gone.

　　A.

　　the; the

　　B.

　　the; an

　　C.

　　a; the

　　D.

　　a; an

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】句意：我醒来的时候头疼的厉害，可是到了晚上头疼消失了。第一空表示泛指第二空为，用定冠词the

　　【2024全国新课程】22. Sarah looked at

　　finished painting with

　　satisfaction.

　　A.不填；a

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; 不填

　　D. the; a

　　【2024山东卷】29. Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.

　　A. the; the

　　B. a; a

　　C. a; 不填

　　D. 不填；a

　　【答案解析a drink意为：一杯饮料；第二空中的a comfort意为：一件令人安慰的事。句意：在那些艰难的岁月里，能买得起一杯饮料是一种莫大的安慰。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

　　【2011全国卷,33】It is generally accepted that________ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man.

　　A.a; a

　　B.a; the

　　C.the; the

　　D.a; 不填A

　　【解析】句意为“人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会做一个男子汉，能挺身而出，勇于战斗。”a boy和 a man都是泛指，表示一类人。单数可数名词泛指应在名词前加不定冠词a。考查冠词的用法。

　　【2011全国卷II,16】As he reached __________ front door, Jack saw ________ strange sight.

　　A. the;不填

　　B. a; the

　　C.不填a

　　D. the; a2011山东卷21】Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.

　　A.不填；the

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D.不填；aB

　　【解析】句意为“别急—从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。”a short distance短距离，是固定搭配的短语；the restaurant指双方都知道的餐馆，故用the特指。选B。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。

　　【2011浙江卷,2】Experts think that

　　__________recently discovered painting may be ________

　　Picsso.

　　A.the ;不填 B. a ;the

　　C. a ; 不填 D. the; a

　　【2011四川卷18】Dr.Peter Spence, _________ headmaster of the school, told us, “ ________ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

　　A. 不填；A

　　B.不填；The

　　C.the; The

　　D.a; AA

　　【解析】句意为“校长Peter Spence告诉我们说，我校的五分之一学生将到牛津大学和剑桥大学去学习。”headmaster校长，职务前面不加冠词；a fifth表示五分之一。因此选A。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

　　【2011重庆卷26】In communication, a smile is usually __________ strong sign of a friendly and _______ open attitude.

　　A. the, /

　　B. a, an

　　C. a, /

　　D. the, an

　　【2011陕西卷13】As is known to all, _________People’s Republic of China is ________ biggest developing country in the world.

　　A.the ;不填

　　B. 不填 ；the

　　C. the ；the

　　D. 不填；不填2011江西卷22】——It’s said John will be in a job paying over ＄60,000 _____ year.

　　—— Right, he will also get paid by

　　_____ week.

　　A. the; the

　　B. a; the

　　C. the; a

　　D.a; a

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】前一句句意为：据说John将会有一份年工资超过60000美金的工作，表时间单位每年，冠词用a，后一句说没错，他也将会以每周的方式得到薪水。by后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词the。因此选B。

　　【考点定位】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。