2024届新课标高考一轮复习英语人教版 浙江专版课件：part1 必修4 unit4
the
first
person
to
arrive 中 是动词不定式to
arrive 作定语，修饰先行词the first person。动词不 定式作定语，我们应该注意以下问题：
(1) 注 意非谓语动词动作所发生的时间都是在 谓语动词之后。与先行词是主动关系，就用to do;
形成被动关系，就用to be done。
Everyone to visit the Great Wall sign here, please.
凡去参观长城的人请在这儿报名。
(2) 由only, last, next, 序数词或形容词最高级修 饰的名词常用不定式作定语。动词不定式作定语要 放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
She was the only one to get a scholarship.
她是唯一得到奖学金的人。
(3) 当谓语动词是have 或get作“有”讲时，动 词不定式的主动与被动取决于句中有没有其逻辑主 语参与动词不定式这一活动，有，就用主动式；没 有，就用其被动式。
I'll go to the post office because I have something
to post. Do you have something to be posted?
(4) 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者 不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、 工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词。
She is looking for a room to live in.
她在寻找一间房子住。
① represent vt.
代表，象征；体现，表达；描绘，声称 根据语境感悟其用法
These exhibitions have been selected because they represent Chinese traditional culture best.
这些展品最能代表中国传统文化，所以入选。 链接 representation n.
代表，代理；表现，体现 representative
n. 代表人，代理人
adj. 典型的，有代表性的 ① represent vt.
代表，象征；体现，表达；描绘，声称 短语 represent sb. / sth. as sb. / sth.
把……描绘成…… represent sb. / sth.…to be
声称某人/物为…… represent sth.
代表/象征…… represent sth. to sb.
向某人说明/传达某事 ① represent vt.
代表，象征；体现，表达；描绘，声称 活用
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子 (1)玫瑰花是英格兰的象征。 The rose __________ England. (2)他们仅表达了一小部分民意。 They __________ only a small section of public opinion. (3)这是一幅行猎图。 The picture __________ a hunting scene. represents represented represents ②curious adj. 根据语境猜词义 (1) The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious children.
(2) Poetry also calls up the colors, feeling, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
(3) He is suffering from a curious disease.
根据语义找匹配 A. 奇妙的
B. 好奇的
C. 奇怪的
B A C 链接 curiosity n.
好奇心、求知欲 curiously adv.
好奇地 短语 be curious about
对……感到好奇 be curious to do
急于做/极想做 out of curiosity
出于好奇 ②curious adj. 活用
单项填空 (1)I was ______ to find out what he said.
A. strange
B. amusing
C. curious
D. conscious
解析 考查形容词词义辨析。be curious to do 急于做/极想做。strange 奇怪的； amusing 令人快乐的；conscious 有意识的。 ②curious adj. C (2) People have always been______ about exactly how life on earth began.
A. curious
B. excited
C. anxious
D. careful 解析 考查形容词的意义和用法。句意：人们一直对于地球生命的起源感到好奇。根据介词about后面宾语从句的意义，可以确定前面表示的是好奇，be curious about 是“对……感到好奇”的意思。 ②curious adj. 活用
单项填空 A 根据语境猜词义 (1) Spring is approaching. Everything is awaking.
(2) As we approached the woods, fresh air is coming towards us.
③approach
n. & v. 根据语义找匹配 A. (时间上)临近，接近 B. (空间上)走近，靠近 A B 温馨提示
approach, way, method和means都可指“方法”。注意它们的用法： (1) 句型搭配 the way of ＋ n. / doing sth. the way to do sth. the method of ＋ n. the approach to ＋ n. / doing sth. ③approach
n. & v. (2) “用这种方法”表达方法 in this way
by this means
with this method ③approach
n. & v. 温馨提示
approach, way, method和means都可指“方法”。注意它们的用法： 活用
单项填空
There is no easy ______ to the mathematics problem.
A. way
B. means
C. method
D. approach 解析
考查名词与介词的搭配辨析。approach方法，与to连用，表示“……的方法”，而means翻译为“方式”，不可与to连用。method与with 搭配。way则与of连用，和to连用时，to为不定式。 ③approach
n. & v. D ④ major n.，v. & adj. 根据语境猜词义 (1) Chinese, maths and English are three major subjects.
(2) He is majoring in English.
(3) He is a history major.
根据语义找匹配 A. 主修 B. ……专业的学生 C. 主要的(主要做定语，无比较级)
C A B 链接 the majority of
大多数 majority n.
大多数，大部分 反义词： minority
少数 ④ major n.，v. & adj. 辨析 major/main/chief major adj. 较大的， 主要的
main adj. 最重要的，主要的 chief
adj.主要的，最重要的；职位/ 职称最高级别的；n. 部落首领；领袖，总裁 ④ major n.，v. & adj. ⑤ defend v. 根据语境猜词义 (1) We shall defend our country, whatever the cost may be.
(2) Politicians (政客) are skilled at defending themselves. 根据语义找匹配 A. 捍卫；保卫 B. 辩护 A B 短语 in defence of
保卫，为……辩护 defend…of
(后接被保护者) defend…from/ against
(后接入侵者或造成危害者) ⑤ defend v. 链接 defense n.
保卫，辩护 活用
单项填空 We should defend ourselves ______ the traffic accident while walking home from school.
A. against
B. with
C. in
D. of
解析 考查固定短语。defend…against 后接造成危害的东西；defend…of后接被保护者。所以答案是A。 ⑤ defend v. A ⑥ general
adj. 一般的，大体的
n. 将军 根据语境感悟其用法 He has been promoted to general manager.
他已被提升为总经理。 链接 generally 普遍地；广泛地；一般地 短语 in general 总的，总而言之 generally speaking
通常来讲 ⑥ general
adj. 一般的，大体的
n. 将军 活用
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子 (1)我们泛泛地谈了书籍。 We had _____________ about books. (2)将军命令士兵前进。 ___________ ordered the soldiers to march on. (3)深圳的气候总体来说是温暖和潮湿的。 The
climate
in
Shenzhen
is
warm
and
humid __________. a general talk The general in general ⑦ avoid vt.
避免，消除；(故意)回避；逃避 根据语境感悟其用法 He studies so hard to avoid finishing at the bottom of the class.
为了不让自己在全班垫底，他刻苦学习。 短语 avoid sth. 避免某事 avoid doing sth.
避免做某事 ⑦ avoid vt.
避免，消除；(故意)回避；逃避 活用
用所给词的正确形式填空 (1)其实这一事故可以避免。 Actually, the accident could _________ (avoid)． (2)他避而不答我的问题。 He avoided __________ (answer) my questions. be avoided answering ① be likely to do She is likely to lose the election.
根据语境be likely to do意为：_______。 有可能 辨析 likely/possible/probable
likely 是常用词，指从表面上看很有可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说sb./sth. be likely to do或it‘s likely that…， 但是不可以说 It is likely for sb. to do。
辨析 likely/possible/probable
possible强调客观上有可能，但含有实际上可能性 很小的意思。主语不可以是人，只能是用it作形式主语。 构成It is possible for sb. to do sth.或It is possible that…
probable 语气比possible强，主要强调有根有据、 合情合理的推测，含有“很有可能，十有八九”的意 思。构成It is probable for sb. to do sth. 。作表语时，主 语不能是人或动词不定式。 ① be likely to do 活用
单项填空 (1) It's nearly eleven o'clock and mother _____ walk in at any moment.
A. is possible to
B. is probable to
C. is likely to
D. is able to 解析 考查likely/ possible/probable的辨析。当主语是人时，只能用sb. be likely to do sth.句式，所以答案是C。 ① be likely to do C (2) I think the team of your class will be _____ to win, but you have to work harder.
A. possible
B. likely
C. probable
D. certain 解析 possible和 probable只能构成It's ＋ adj.＋to do sth.句式；certain是“一定、理所当然”，根据but you have to work harder判断，没有十足的把握，所以答案是B。 ① be likely to do 活用
单项填空 C ②at ease
舒适；自由自在；安逸 I was at ease after I completed my stressful project.
把这个压力很大的项目完成后，我感到很放松。 短语 put sb. at ease
使舒适，使自在 ease one's mind
使放心；使放松 ease into sth.
了解或熟悉某事 take it easy
沉住气，不紧张，慢慢来 ②at ease
舒适；自由自在；安逸 活用
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子 (1)知道他在那座城市定居下来，过着舒适的生活，我放心多了。 It would ____________ to know that he settled down in the city and was living a comfortable life. (2)我和朋友在一起感到自在。 I __________ with my friends. ease my mind feel at ease ②at ease
舒适；自由自在；安逸 活用
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子 (3)熟悉新的工作并不是一件易事，你一定要谦虚、勤奋。 It is no easy job for you ____________ your new work, so you must be modest and hardworking. to ease into
The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from
Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from
Britain.(P26)
第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚， 随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。
the
first
person
to
arrive 中 是动词不定式to
arrive 作定语，修饰先行词the first person。动词不 定式作定语，我们应该注意以下问题：
(1) 注 意非谓语动词动作所发生的时间都是在 谓语动词之后。与先行词是主动关系，就用to do;
形成被动关系，就用to be done。
Everyone to visit the Great Wall sign here, please.
凡去参观长城的人请在这儿报名。
(2) 由only, last, next, 序数词或形容词最高级修 饰的名词常用不定式作定语。动词不定式作定语要 放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
She was the only one to get a scholarship.
她是唯一得到奖学金的人。
(3) 当谓语动词是have 或get作“有”讲时，动 词不定式的主动与被动取决于句中有没有其逻辑主 语参与动词不定式这一活动，有，就用主动式；没 有，就用其被动式。
I'll go to the post office because I have something
to post. Do you have something to be posted?
(4) 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者 不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、 工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词。
She is looking for a room to live in.
她在寻找一间房子住。
① represent vt.
代表，象征；体现，表达；描绘，声称 根据语境感悟其用法
These exhibitions have been selected because they represent Chinese traditional culture best.
这些展品最能代表中国传统文化，所以入选。 链接 representation n.
代表，代理；表现，体现 representative
n. 代表人，代理人
adj. 典型的，有代表性的 ① represent vt.
代表，象征；体现，表达；描绘，声称 短语 represent sb. / sth. as sb. / sth.
把……描绘成…… represent sb. / sth.…to be
声称某人/物为…… represent sth.
代表/象征…… represent sth. to sb.
向某人说明/传达某事 ① represent vt.
代表，象征；体现，表达；描绘，声称 活用
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子 (1)玫瑰花是英格兰的象征。 The rose __________ England. (2)他们仅表达了一小部分民意。 They __________ only a small section of public opinion. (3)这是一幅行猎图。 The picture __________ a hunting scene. represents represented represents ②curious adj. 根据语境猜词义 (1) The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious children.
(2) Poetry also calls up the colors, feeling, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
(3) He is suffering from a curious disease.
根据语义找匹配 A. 奇妙的
B. 好奇的
C. 奇怪的
B A C 链接 curiosity n.
好奇心、求知欲 curiously adv.
好奇地 短语 be curious about
对……感到好奇 be curious to do
急于做/极想做 out of curiosity
出于好奇 ②curious adj. 活用
单项填空 (1)I was ______ to find out what he said.
A. strange
B. amusing
C. curious
D. conscious
解析 考查形容词词义辨析。be curious to do 急于做/极想做。strange 奇怪的； amusing 令人快乐的；conscious 有意识的。 ②curious adj. C (2) People have always been______ about exactly how life on earth began.
A. curious
B. excited
C. anxious
D. careful 解析 考查形容词的意义和用法。句意：人们一直对于地球生命的起源感到好奇。根据介词about后面宾语从句的意义，可以确定前面表示的是好奇，be curious about 是“对……感到好奇”的意思。 ②curious adj. 活用
单项填空 A 根据语境猜词义 (1) Spring is approaching. Everything is awaking.
(2) As we approached the woods, fresh air is coming towards us.
③approach
n. & v. 根据语义找匹配 A. (时间上)临近，接近 B. (空间上)走近，靠近 A B 温馨提示
approach, way, method和means都可指“方法”。注意它们的用法： (1) 句型搭配 the way of ＋ n. / doing sth. the way to do sth. the method of ＋ n. the approach to ＋ n. / doing sth. ③approach
n. & v. (2) “用这种方法”表达方法 in this way
by this means
with this method ③approach
n. & v. 温馨提示
approach, way, method和means都可指“方法”。注意它们的用法： 活用
单项填空
There is no easy ______ to the mathematics problem.
A. way
B. means
C. method
D. approach 解析
考查名词与介词的搭配辨析。approach方法，与to连用，表示“……的方法”，而means翻译为“方式”，不可与to连用。method与with 搭配。way则与of连用，和to连用时，to为不定式。 ③approach
n. & v. D ④ major n.，v. & adj. 根据语境猜词义 (1) Chinese, maths and English are three major subjects.
(2) He is majoring in English.
(3) He is a history major.
根据语义找匹配 A. 主修 B. ……专业的学生 C. 主要的(主要做定语，无比较级)
C A B 链接 the majority of
大多数 majority n.
大多数，大部分 反义词： minority
少数 ④ major n.，v. & adj. 辨析 major/main/chief major adj. 较大的， 主要的
main adj. 最重要的，主要的 chief
adj.主要的，最重要的；职位/ 职称最高级别的；n. 部落首领；领袖，总裁 ④ major n.，v. & adj. ⑤ defend v. 根据语境猜词义 (1) We shall defend our country, whatever the cost may be.
(2) Politicians (政客) are skilled at defending themselves. 根据语义找匹配 A. 捍卫；保卫 B. 辩护 A B 短语 in defence of
保卫，为……辩护 defend…of
(后接被保护者) defend…from/ against
(后接入侵者或造成危害者) ⑤ defend v. 链接 defense n.
保卫，辩护 活用
单项填空 We should defend ourselves ______ the traffic accident while walking home from school.
A. against
B. with
C. in
D. of
解析 考查固定短语。defend…against 后接造成危害的东西；defend…of后接被保护者。所以答案是A。 ⑤ defend v. A ⑥ general
adj. 一般的，大体的
n. 将军 根据语境感悟其用法 He has been promoted to general manager.
他已被提升为总经理。 链接 generally 普遍地；广泛地；一般地 短语 in general 总的，总而言之 generally speaking
通常来讲 ⑥ general
adj. 一般的，大体的
n. 将军 活用
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子 (1)我们泛泛地谈了书籍。 We had _____________ about books. (2)将军命令士兵前进。 ___________ ordered the soldiers to march on. (3)深圳的气候总体来说是温暖和潮湿的。 The
climate
in
Shenzhen
is
warm
and
humid __________. a general talk The general in general ⑦ avoid vt.
避免，消除；(故意)回避；逃避 根据语境感悟其用法 He studies so hard to avoid finishing at the bottom of the class.
为了不让自己在全班垫底，他刻苦学习。 短语 avoid sth. 避免某事 avoid doing sth.
避免做某事 ⑦ avoid vt.
避免，消除；(故意)回避；逃避 活用
用所给词的正确形式填空 (1)其实这一事故可以避免。 Actually, the accident could _________ (avoid)． (2)他避而不答我的问题。 He avoided __________ (answer) my questions. be avoided answering ① be likely to do She is likely to lose the election.
根据语境be likely to do意为：_______。 有可能 辨析 likely/possible/probable
likely 是常用词，指从表面上看很有可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说sb./sth. be likely to do或it‘s likely that…， 但是不可以说 It is likely for sb. to do。
辨析 likely/possible/probable
possible强调客观上有可能，但含有实际上可能性 很小的意思。主语不可以是人，只能是用it作形式主语。 构成It is possible for sb. to do sth.或It is possible that…
probable 语气比possible强，主要强调有根有据、 合情合理的推测，含有“很有可能，十有八九”的意 思。构成It is probable for sb. to do sth. 。作表语时，主 语不能是人或动词不定式。 ① be likely to do 活用
单项填空 (1) It's nearly eleven o'clock and mother _____ walk in at any moment.
A. is possible to
B. is probable to
C. is likely to
D. is able to 解析 考查likely/ possible/probable的辨析。当主语是人时，只能用sb. be likely to do sth.句式，所以答案是C。 ① be likely to do C (2) I think the team of your class will be _____ to win, but you have to work harder.
A. possible
B. likely
C. probable
D. certain 解析 possible和 probable只能构成It's ＋ adj.＋to do sth.句式；certain是“一定、理所当然”，根据but you have to work harder判断，没有十足的把握，所以答案是B。 ① be likely to do 活用
单项填空 C ②at ease
舒适；自由自在；安逸 I was at ease after I completed my stressful project.
把这个压力很大的项目完成后，我感到很放松。 短语 put sb. at ease
使舒适，使自在 ease one's mind
使放心；使放松 ease into sth.
了解或熟悉某事 take it easy
沉住气，不紧张，慢慢来 ②at ease
舒适；自由自在；安逸 活用
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子 (1)知道他在那座城市定居下来，过着舒适的生活，我放心多了。 It would ____________ to know that he settled down in the city and was living a comfortable life. (2)我和朋友在一起感到自在。 I __________ with my friends. ease my mind feel at ease ②at ease
舒适；自由自在；安逸 活用
根据汉语意思，完成英文句子 (3)熟悉新的工作并不是一件易事，你一定要谦虚、勤奋。 It is no easy job for you ____________ your new work, so you must be modest and hardworking. to ease into
The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from
Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from
Britain.(P26)
第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚， 随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。
