2024届高考英语一轮复习指导课件：必修5 unit 1（新人教版）

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　　必修五　Unit 1　Great scientists

　　1. 课前自测 2. 课堂学案词汇接龙

　　1. _______(vt. 分析)→_______(n. 分析；分解)→_______(n.分析家) 2. _______(vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫 n. 失败)→_______(adj. 挨打的；被打败的) 3. _______(vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃)→_______(n. 拒绝；抛弃)→_______(adj. 拒绝的；排斥的) 4. _______(vt. 向……挑战 n. 挑战)→_______ (adj. 有挑战性的)→_______(n. 挑战者) 5. ______(vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光)→______(adj. 暴露的；无遮蔽的；无保护的)→ _______(n. 暴露) 6. _______(vt.& vi. 结束；推断出)→_______(n. 结论；结束)→_______(adj. 令人确信的；毫无疑问的) 7. _______(vt. 宣布；通告)→_______(n. 宣布；通告；声明)→_______(n. 广播员；播音员；节目主持人) 课前自测

　　Key:1. analyse; analysis; analyst　2. defeat; defeated　3. reject; rejection; rejective 4. challenge; challenging; challenger　5. expose; exposed; exposure 6. conclude; conclusion; conclusive　7. announce; announcement; announcer 词汇接龙

　　_________(vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助)→_________〔n. 捐献(物)；贡献(物)；捐款；保险金〕→_________(n. 捐款人；捐助人) 9. _________(vt. 命令；指示；教导)→_________(n. 操作指南；使用说明)→ _________(adj. 有教育意义的；有启发性的)→_________(n. 教练；指导者) 10. _________(vt. 认为；怀疑 n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯)→ _________(adj. 有嫌疑的；可疑的)→________(n. 怀疑；嫌疑)→________(adj. 怀疑的；有嫌疑的)

　　Key:8. contribute; contribution; contributor 9. instruct; instruction; instructive; instructor 10. suspect; suspected; suspicion; suspicious 词块互译 1. 提出一个理论

　　________ a theory 2. ________________

　　draw a conclusion 3. 使某人面临危险

　　expose someone ________ 4. 某人应为某事受到责备

　　sb. be ________ (for) 5. 吸收知识

　　________ knowledge 6. 将手柄从水泵上移走

　　________ the handle ________ the pump 7. 指示人们不要做……

　　instruct people ________… 8. 阻止这件事再次发生

　　prevent this ________ again 9. ________________

　　apart from… 10. ________________

　　make sense Key:1. put forward　2. 得出一个结论　3. to danger　4. to blame　5. absorb 6. remove; from　7. not to do　8. from happening　9. 除……之外 10. 有意义；讲得通句型补全

　　So many thousands of terrified people died ______________ an outbreak.

　　所以每次暴发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。

　　(every time引导时间状语从句) 2.

　　It seemed that the water ______________.

　　看来水是罪魁祸首。 (blame用主动形式表被动意义) 3.

　　A woman…liked the water from the pump so much that she ______________ her house every day.……一位妇女特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到她家里来。 (have sth. done结构) 4.

　　Only if you put the sun there ______________ the movements of the other planets in the sky ______________.

　　只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。 (倒装结构) 5.

　　He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets ___________…

　　他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转…… (with的复合结构) Key:1. every time there was　2. was to blame　3. had it delivered to 4. did; make sense　5. going around it

　　课文回顾 Key: 1. inspired　2. were exposed　3. because　4. solve　5. explaining　6. that　7. meals 8. where　9. to blame　10. Finally John Snow, a well-known doctor in London in the 19th century, became __1__ (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people who __2__ (expose) to cholera, a deadly disease of its day. Many thousands of people died every time there was an outbreak __3__ neither its cause nor its cure was understood. John wanted to help __4__ (solve) the problem. He got interested in two theories __5__ (explain) how cholera killed people. He believed in the second theory __6__ suggested that people absorbed the disease with their __7__ (meal). In 1854, when another outbreak hit London, he was ready to test the two theories. He marked on a map __8__ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the pump died. He suspected that the polluted water was __9__ (blame). After more investigations, he announced with certainty that the polluted water carried the virus. So he suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and the water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. __10__ (final), “King Cholera” was defeated.

　　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。课堂学案【词块助记】 1. attend

　　vt. 出席；参加；照顾；护理

　　1. (2024湖南卷) When I was chosen to attend the match, I felt nervous at first, for my English was not good. 当我被选中参加比赛时，起初我很紧张，因为我的英语不好。 2. It suddenly occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning. 他突然想到次日上午有个重要的会议要出席。 attend school/church/a lecture/a meeting/a wedding/a party 上学/去教堂/听讲座/出席会议/出席婚礼/参加聚会 attend sb. 照顾/看护某人 attend on sb. 照料/侍候某人 attend to sth./sb. 处理某事/照料、照顾某人 1. It is the most instructive lecture that I ________ (attend) since I came to this school. 2. (2024福建卷改编)To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of applicants attend the opening ceremony. Key：1. have attended　2. attend前加to 【词块助记】 2. expose vt. 揭露；暴露；使遭受；使曝光 1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但当他一想到要帮助那些受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。 2. We must expose this shameful activity to the newspapers. 我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。 3. We want to expose the kids to art and culture as much as possible. 我们想让孩子们尽可能多地受到艺术和文化的熏陶。

　　expose sth. 揭露、揭发某事 expose sb./sth. to 使某人体验/某物暴露于…… be exposed to 接触到；被暴露于【构词】exposure n. 暴露；曝光；揭露 exposure to the elements 经受风吹雨打 double exposure 两次曝光(的照片) public exposure 当众揭发

　　1. (2024重庆卷改编) In some Middle Eastern countries, expose your flesh is forbidden, especially if you are a woman. 2. Children exposing ________ (they) to difficult situations are better at handling those challenging tasks. Key：1. expose改为 exposing　2. themselves 【词块助记】 3. absorb

　　vt. 吸收(液、气体等)；吸引(注意)；使专心 1. (2024北京卷)But some materials slow and scatter light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. 但有些物质减缓或散射光线，使它偏离原来的轨道；其他的则吸收光，使其在传播路线上突然消失。 2. I get so absorbed in doing something that I am unaware of things happening around me. 我做事太过专心以至于对周围发生的事情丝毫未察觉。

　　absorb(＝take in) sth. (light/heat) 吸收(光、热)等 absorb…into… 把……吸入/并入…… be absorbed in＝ be buried in ＝ concentrate on全神贯注于；专心致志于 1. I found him sitting in his chair, completely ________ (absorb) in a magazine. 2. Most little shops have absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis. Key：1. absorbed　2. 在have后加been 【词块助记】 4. blame vt. 指责；责怪；归咎于

　　n. 责备；责任；过失 1. (2024湖北卷) Still others lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much American-style fast food. 还有些人把责任推到美国人身上，抱怨体重增加是因为吃了太多的美式快餐。 2. Maybe we should blame Geely for not paying attention. 也许我们应该责备吉利的疏忽大意。 3. (2024湖北卷) It was purely a question, no blame or anger in my tone. 这纯粹是一个提问，我语气中没有责备或愤怒。 sb./sth. be to blame 某人应受责备；应归咎于……(不用被动式) the one to blame 应受责备的人(不用被动式) blame…on 把某事归咎于…… blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因为……责备某人 take/bear the blame for

　　承担(对坏事应负的)责任 put/lay the blame on sb. 把责任归咎于…… 【拓展】sb. be to blame for sth. “某人该因某事受到责备”，主动形式表达被动含义，英语中类似的表达还有：This kind of clothes sell well.这种衣服好卖。The house is to let. 此房出租。The chair needs repairing. 这把椅子需要修理。 The film is worth seeing twice. 这部电影值得再看一遍。 1. Mr. Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one to be blame.

　　2. (2024重庆卷改编) While we can’t change the body type we are born with, we can’t blame our genes for make us fat. Key：1.去掉be　2. make改为making 5. contribute vi. & vt. 捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿 1. I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world. 我相信我们每一个人都能够对未来的世界有所贡献。 2. (2024山东卷) Pearson also made other decisions which he believed would contribute to the new Sparrow image. 皮尔森还做出了其他决定，他坚信这些决定将有助于提升Sparrow新的品牌形象。 3. I make most of my money by writing books but I do contribute to magazines sometimes. 我大部分收入是靠写书赚的，但有时也会向杂志投稿。 (sb.)contribute to sth. (某人)为……作贡献 (sth.)contribute to sth. (某物)有助于/促成…… contribute sth. to sth. 为……捐献；投稿【词块助记】【构词】contribution n. 捐献；贡献；投稿 make contributions/a contribution to 对……作出贡献 1. (2024全国卷Ⅰ改编) The birds were forced to go further north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed their decline. 2. Eating too much fat contribute to heart disease and causes high blood pressure. Key：1. 在contributed后加to　2. contribute 改为contributes 6. put forward 提出(建议)；推荐；将……提前

　　1. Are you serious in putting forward such a view? 你提出这个观点是认真的吗？ 2. May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee? 我能推荐你出任委员会主席吗？ 3. Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把钟往前拨10分钟。 4. At such a time of crisis, we must try to put aside all differences of party or class. 在如此危机时刻，我们得先把党派或阶级的分歧搁置一旁。 5. (2024全国卷Ⅱ) This year, 25，310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by University and College Admissions Service (UCAS). 高等院校招生办提供的数据显示，今年有25 310名已被高校录取的大学生推迟到明年入学。

　　【头脑风暴】 put aside

　　节省；储蓄；储存，放在一边 put away 放好；收起来，积蓄 put off

　　延期；推迟 put down 写下，记下；放下 put on 穿上；演出 put out 熄灭；生产 put up 举起；张贴；公布；挂起；建造 7. make sense 讲得通；有意义 1. Do not be discouraged if the whole passage don’t make sense to you at first. 如果一开始你读不懂这整个段落，也不要泄气。 2. We’ve been trying to make sense of our dreams. 我们一直试图理解梦的含义。 3. Mark quarreled with Alice, but soon made up to her. 马克和爱丽丝吵了一架，但很快和解了。 4. Hard work can always make up for a lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。 make sense of… 理解/明白…… common sense 常识 in a/one sense 在某种意义上；在一定程度上 there is no sense (point) in doing sth. 做某事无意义 make out 辨识；理解 make up

　　编造；和解；弥补；化妆打扮；构成【头脑风暴】【微解析】 8. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going around it… 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转…… 句中with的复合结构在句中作状语。with的复合结构为：with＋宾语＋宾补，其具体形式有以下几种：

　　(1)with＋宾语＋现在分词，宾语与动词为逻辑上的主谓关系，现在分词表示该动作正在进行； (2)with＋宾语＋过去分词，宾语与动词为逻辑上的动宾关系，过去分词表示被动或完成； (3)with＋宾语＋to do，动词不定式表示将要做的动作； (4)with＋宾语＋介词短语，该结构既可作状语，还可作后置定语。【仿写】 1. With the couple ________ in a nearby town, the house seems pretty empty most of time. 这对夫妻在附近镇上上班，他们的房子大部分时间看上去空荡荡的。 2. With some details ________， I can’t give you a definite answer now.

　　还有一些细节要讨论，我现在还不能给你一个明确的答复。【单句改错】 3. With a government health warning attaching to cigarette packets, smokers have to think twice when they are to light a cigarette. Key：1. working　2. to discuss　3. attaching 改为attached

　　西蒙因为接触了致命的病毒而患了重病,专家和医生通过各种尝试给他治疗。幸运的是,医生宣布病毒被打败了,但是在完全康复之前他还需要一段时间的护理。 Simon was a 7-year-old boy who was severely ill ①_______________________ a deadly virus. He had been in hospital since he was ill. The experts

　　②_________ ______________ cure him. Luckily, all the attempts ③_______________ but he still ④_________________ before he was fully recovered.

　　Both his parents and Simon were happy. Simon also realized that only when he followed the experts’ instructions ⑤ ______________________________．

　　【写作导航】 1. 简单概括事情的起因：西蒙因为感染了一种致命的病毒而患病。这里可用expose; 2. 此处表达“专家们提出各种治疗方案”。这里可用动词短语put forward； 3. 治疗结果：所有的尝试并非都没有效果。此处可用介词短语in vain； 4. but表示他仍需要被照顾。注意need doing中need为实义动词； 5. 这里表示“只有遵从医嘱才能战胜病毒”。可使用“only ＋状语”倒装结构来总结。 Key：① because of being exposed to　② put forward various methods to

　　③ were not in vain　④ needed attending　⑤ could the virus be defeated