2024届高考英语(新课标全国卷Ⅰ)二轮复习课件:专题5 定语从句

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2024届高考英语(新课标全国卷Ⅰ)二轮复习课件:专题5 定语从句

  栏目导引 专题强 化训练 专题5 定语从句 2024高考导航——适用于全国卷Ⅰ 专题5 定语从句 考查点 2024 2024 2024 命题趋势 定语从句 全国卷Ⅰ64题[关系代词that/which] 全国卷Ⅰ67题[关系代词that/which] 未考 高考对定语从句的考查集中在关系代词(that,which,who)及关系副词(when,where)的选用上,且在语篇型语法填空中的考查形式为无提示型。 1.(2024·高考安徽卷,单项填空,改编)Some experts think

  reading is the fundamental skill upon ____________ school

  education depends. 2.(2024·高考四川卷,单项填空,改编)The books on the

  desk,____________covers are shiny,are prizes for us. 3.(2024·泰安二模)The work camp was mainly made up of

  teenagers____________had given up part of their summer vacation to help others. 考点一 关系代词引导的定语从句 which whose who/that 4.(2024·河北保定二模)However,he had no other choice, though.First Jack was to draft the speech,____________was

  just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer. 5.(2024·济宁模拟)____________is expected,the air quality

  in the city has improved in the past two months. which As 1.which指物,在从句中可以作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以 省略。 2.that指人或物均可,在从句中可以作主语或宾语,作宾语 时可以省略。 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. 她带着这些游客参观了那座三年前建造的博物馆。 3.限制性定语从句中,关系代词只用that不用which的情况: (1)先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,something,everything,nothing,none,the one等或被不定代词修饰时。 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault. 我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。 (2)先行词是形容词最高级或序数词,或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 (3)先行词被the only,the very,the last,the same,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰时。 The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.这顿饭只有甜点是我爱吃的。 (4)先行词既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 They will never forget the things and persons that they’ve seen or heard of during their long journey. 他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人 和事。 4.关系词只用which而不用that的情况:(一句话口诀:介词后、逗号后不可用that) (1)引导非限制性定语从句时。 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt,which is a stupid thing to do in such weather. 特德周末来时只穿着短裤和一件T恤,这种天气穿这样的衣服有点傻。 (2)当从句中的介词提前,构成“介词+关系代词”结构时。 We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 我们生活在一个信息比以前更容易获得的时代。 5.who,whom的用法 who或whom均可指代人,但who在从句中作主语或宾语,whom在从句中作宾语;两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语时,who/that不可省略;作宾语时,whom/who/that可以省略。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的同校同学成了好朋友。 6.whose的用法 whose表所属关系,既可指人也可指物,在从句中作定语。指物时相当于of which;指人时相当于of whom。 The school shop, whose customers are mainly students,is closed for the holidays.  这家校内商店的主要顾客是学生,放假时商店关门。 7.as也可以引导非限制性定语从句,定语从句说明整个句子,可放在主句之前。常用的这种类似插入语的句式有as is said above,as is already mentioned above,as often happens,as is often the case,as is reported in the newspaper,such...as...,the same...as...等。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。 “You can’t judge a book by its cover,”as the old saying goes.正如老话所说的那样:“人不可貌相。” 单句语法填空 1.(2024·河北邢台高三摸底考试)Officer:I’m afraid I

  can’t do that,Madam.In school zones,I’m required to

  give tickets to all drivers____________break the rules.It’s the law in this county.

  2.(2024·烟台模拟)Those____________want to go to the

  museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. who/that who 3.I’m glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you,without_______ consideration our project would have ended in failure.

  4.____________is often the case with children,Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. whose As 1.(2024·滕州5月模拟)She dreamed of the day__________ the manager of the supermarket would say to her with a

  smile,“Madam,this is your lucky day.Everything in your

  basket is free.”

  2.Mr.Brown was tired of living in the big city___________ he worked.He wanted to move to the country and live in a

  house from which he could get to his office in the city early

  every day. 考点二 关系副词引导的定语从句 when where 3.(2024·江西鹰潭二模)The police must give the reasons ____________they are arresting him and tell him his rights

  under the law. 4.(2024·高考陕西卷,语法和词汇知识,改编)As the

  smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the

  time____________he should be able to be independent. why when 1.where表地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,相当于“介词in/at/on...+which”。 A bank is the place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. 银行是在天晴之时借伞给你,到了下雨时就催你还回去的 地方。 2.当先行词为situation,case,stage,point,atmosphere等抽象名词,且引导词在定语从句中表示事情发生的情况、阶段等时,常用关系副词where引导。 (2024·高考浙江卷,单项填空,改编)Creating an atmosphere where employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.创造出让员工感觉到自己就是团队一员的一种氛围是极大的挑战。 3.why表原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,相当于“介词for+which”结构。 Do you know the reason why/for which he didn’t attend the meeting? 你知道他没参加会议的原因吗? 特别注意 在非限制性定语从句中,常用for which表原因而不用why。 I had told them the reason,for which I didn’t attend the meeting. 我把理由告诉了他们,为此我没有去开会。 4.when表时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,相当于“介词in/at/on/during...+which”结构。 (2024·高考湖南卷,单项填空,改编)I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.我正期待着那一天的到来,那时我女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的感情。 单句语法填空 1.(2024·高考北京卷,单项填空,改编)Opposite is St.Paul’s

  Church,____________you can hear some lovely music.

  2.(2024·湖南怀化一模)Almost every teenager will experience

  a period in their life____________they aren’t content with their parents. 3.(2024·山师大附中模拟)It would have turned into another

  one of those moments____________the thought of sending a

  card crossed my mind but never actually happened. where when when 技法1 识别定语从句、并列句 在英语中,有许多从句,如主语从句、同位语从句以及强调句型与定语从句有许多相似之处。因此,命题人会利用这些相似性,设置一个特定语境,来考查考生对这些易混点的辨析能力。遇到这样的问题,我们的思路就是:抓住它们各自的特征,结合语境去判断到底属于何种句型或从句。

  (2024·泰安检测)There were many people waiting at the bus stop,some of____________looked very anxious and disappointed,but none of____________jumped the queue. 【解析】 此题考查定语从句和并列句的区别。第一空为定语从句修饰先行词people,第二空由but可知为并列句应用them。句意:许多人都在公共汽车站等,一些人看起来很焦虑又很失望,但是没有一个人插队。 whom them 技法2 分析先行词,确定引导词 首先确定先行词,然后分析引导词在从句中充当什么成分:作主语、宾语、表语用关系代词which/that/who/whom/as;作定语用whose;作状语则用关系副词when/where/why;作介词宾语则用关系代词which/whom。 另外,考生应考虑特殊情况:只用that的情况、只用which的情况、as引导的定语从句等。

  (2024·高考福建卷,单项填空,改编)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those_________ lives were affected. 【解析】 句意:这本书从经历过地震的人的角度来讲述地震的故事。主句结构完整,先行词those,引导词代替先行词在从句中修饰名词lives,作定语,因此用whose。

  whose

  (2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ,语法填空,节选)I’d skipped

  nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the

  limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ____________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese

  paintings. 【解析】 句意:我曾与桂林擦身而过,那是游客尽览石灰岩群峰和漓江绿水的梦幻之境,是被中国艺术家在很多绘画作品中描绘的地方。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River,且引导词在从句中作主语,故填关系代词that或which。 that/which 栏目导引 专题强 化训练 专题5 定语从句

  栏目导引 专题强 化训练 专题5 定语从句 2024高考导航——适用于全国卷Ⅰ 专题5 定语从句 考查点 2024 2024 2024 命题趋势 定语从句 全国卷Ⅰ64题[关系代词that/which] 全国卷Ⅰ67题[关系代词that/which] 未考 高考对定语从句的考查集中在关系代词(that,which,who)及关系副词(when,where)的选用上,且在语篇型语法填空中的考查形式为无提示型。 1.(2024·高考安徽卷,单项填空,改编)Some experts think

  reading is the fundamental skill upon ____________ school

  education depends. 2.(2024·高考四川卷,单项填空,改编)The books on the

  desk,____________covers are shiny,are prizes for us. 3.(2024·泰安二模)The work camp was mainly made up of

  teenagers____________had given up part of their summer vacation to help others. 考点一 关系代词引导的定语从句 which whose who/that 4.(2024·河北保定二模)However,he had no other choice, though.First Jack was to draft the speech,____________was

  just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer. 5.(2024·济宁模拟)____________is expected,the air quality

  in the city has improved in the past two months. which As 1.which指物,在从句中可以作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以 省略。 2.that指人或物均可,在从句中可以作主语或宾语,作宾语 时可以省略。 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. 她带着这些游客参观了那座三年前建造的博物馆。 3.限制性定语从句中,关系代词只用that不用which的情况: (1)先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,something,everything,nothing,none,the one等或被不定代词修饰时。 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault. 我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。 (2)先行词是形容词最高级或序数词,或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 (3)先行词被the only,the very,the last,the same,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰时。 The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.这顿饭只有甜点是我爱吃的。 (4)先行词既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 They will never forget the things and persons that they’ve seen or heard of during their long journey. 他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人 和事。 4.关系词只用which而不用that的情况:(一句话口诀:介词后、逗号后不可用that) (1)引导非限制性定语从句时。 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt,which is a stupid thing to do in such weather. 特德周末来时只穿着短裤和一件T恤,这种天气穿这样的衣服有点傻。 (2)当从句中的介词提前,构成“介词+关系代词”结构时。 We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 我们生活在一个信息比以前更容易获得的时代。 5.who,whom的用法 who或whom均可指代人,但who在从句中作主语或宾语,whom在从句中作宾语;两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语时,who/that不可省略;作宾语时,whom/who/that可以省略。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的同校同学成了好朋友。 6.whose的用法 whose表所属关系,既可指人也可指物,在从句中作定语。指物时相当于of which;指人时相当于of whom。 The school shop, whose customers are mainly students,is closed for the holidays.  这家校内商店的主要顾客是学生,放假时商店关门。 7.as也可以引导非限制性定语从句,定语从句说明整个句子,可放在主句之前。常用的这种类似插入语的句式有as is said above,as is already mentioned above,as often happens,as is often the case,as is reported in the newspaper,such...as...,the same...as...等。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。 “You can’t judge a book by its cover,”as the old saying goes.正如老话所说的那样:“人不可貌相。” 单句语法填空 1.(2024·河北邢台高三摸底考试)Officer:I’m afraid I

  can’t do that,Madam.In school zones,I’m required to

  give tickets to all drivers____________break the rules.It’s the law in this county.

  2.(2024·烟台模拟)Those____________want to go to the

  museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. who/that who 3.I’m glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you,without_______ consideration our project would have ended in failure.

  4.____________is often the case with children,Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. whose As 1.(2024·滕州5月模拟)She dreamed of the day__________ the manager of the supermarket would say to her with a

  smile,“Madam,this is your lucky day.Everything in your

  basket is free.”

  2.Mr.Brown was tired of living in the big city___________ he worked.He wanted to move to the country and live in a

  house from which he could get to his office in the city early

  every day. 考点二 关系副词引导的定语从句 when where 3.(2024·江西鹰潭二模)The police must give the reasons ____________they are arresting him and tell him his rights

  under the law. 4.(2024·高考陕西卷,语法和词汇知识,改编)As the

  smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the

  time____________he should be able to be independent. why when 1.where表地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,相当于“介词in/at/on...+which”。 A bank is the place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. 银行是在天晴之时借伞给你,到了下雨时就催你还回去的 地方。 2.当先行词为situation,case,stage,point,atmosphere等抽象名词,且引导词在定语从句中表示事情发生的情况、阶段等时,常用关系副词where引导。 (2024·高考浙江卷,单项填空,改编)Creating an atmosphere where employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.创造出让员工感觉到自己就是团队一员的一种氛围是极大的挑战。 3.why表原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,相当于“介词for+which”结构。 Do you know the reason why/for which he didn’t attend the meeting? 你知道他没参加会议的原因吗? 特别注意 在非限制性定语从句中,常用for which表原因而不用why。 I had told them the reason,for which I didn’t attend the meeting. 我把理由告诉了他们,为此我没有去开会。 4.when表时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,相当于“介词in/at/on/during...+which”结构。 (2024·高考湖南卷,单项填空,改编)I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.我正期待着那一天的到来,那时我女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的感情。 单句语法填空 1.(2024·高考北京卷,单项填空,改编)Opposite is St.Paul’s

  Church,____________you can hear some lovely music.

  2.(2024·湖南怀化一模)Almost every teenager will experience

  a period in their life____________they aren’t content with their parents. 3.(2024·山师大附中模拟)It would have turned into another

  one of those moments____________the thought of sending a

  card crossed my mind but never actually happened. where when when 技法1 识别定语从句、并列句 在英语中,有许多从句,如主语从句、同位语从句以及强调句型与定语从句有许多相似之处。因此,命题人会利用这些相似性,设置一个特定语境,来考查考生对这些易混点的辨析能力。遇到这样的问题,我们的思路就是:抓住它们各自的特征,结合语境去判断到底属于何种句型或从句。

  (2024·泰安检测)There were many people waiting at the bus stop,some of____________looked very anxious and disappointed,but none of____________jumped the queue. 【解析】 此题考查定语从句和并列句的区别。第一空为定语从句修饰先行词people,第二空由but可知为并列句应用them。句意:许多人都在公共汽车站等,一些人看起来很焦虑又很失望,但是没有一个人插队。 whom them 技法2 分析先行词,确定引导词 首先确定先行词,然后分析引导词在从句中充当什么成分:作主语、宾语、表语用关系代词which/that/who/whom/as;作定语用whose;作状语则用关系副词when/where/why;作介词宾语则用关系代词which/whom。 另外,考生应考虑特殊情况:只用that的情况、只用which的情况、as引导的定语从句等。

  (2024·高考福建卷,单项填空,改编)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those_________ lives were affected. 【解析】 句意:这本书从经历过地震的人的角度来讲述地震的故事。主句结构完整,先行词those,引导词代替先行词在从句中修饰名词lives,作定语,因此用whose。

  whose

  (2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ,语法填空,节选)I’d skipped

  nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the

  limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ____________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese

  paintings. 【解析】 句意:我曾与桂林擦身而过,那是游客尽览石灰岩群峰和漓江绿水的梦幻之境,是被中国艺术家在很多绘画作品中描绘的地方。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River,且引导词在从句中作主语,故填关系代词that或which。 that/which 栏目导引 专题强 化训练 专题5 定语从句