2024届高考英语一轮语法专题复习：5 形容词与副词（新人教版）
语法专题5 形容词与副词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2024·安徽，26改编)I'm so ________(gratefully) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
答案：grateful be grateful to...意为“对……感激/感谢”。
2．(2024·安徽，31改编)They gave money to the old people's home either ________(person) or through their companies.
答案：personally personally“私人地，个人地”。句意：他们以个人的名义或通过他们的公司给养老院捐钱。
3．(2024·浙江，13改编)Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was ________(former) alive.
答案：formerly formerly“先前地，以前地”。句意：如果我们了解甚至一点点有关食物是从哪儿来的，那么大多数人都懂得每一口放进我们嘴里的食物之前都是活着的。
4．(2024·湖北，27改编)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be________(punctuality).
答案：punctual punctual准时的。句意：尽管会议大厅就在他的公寓附近，但如果他想要准时到达，他必须得快点。
5．(2024·湖北，28改编)I don't think what he said is ________(relevantly) to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.
答案：relevant relevant相关的，切题的。句意：我认为他所说的话与我们正在讨论的问题不相关。他没有抓住要点。
6．(2024·四川，9改编)Little Tom sat ________(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
答案：amazed amazed意为“感到吃惊的”，常修饰人。句意：小汤姆吃惊地坐在那儿看着猴子在他面前跳舞。拓展：These soldiers spent three days in the old weather，cold and hungry.这些士兵们又冷又饿，在严寒的天气中过了三天。
7．(2024·福建，23改编)It was ________(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
答案：considerate considerate考虑周到的，体贴的，常用结构It is considerate of sb. to do sth。句意：迈克尔告知我们他耽搁了一些时间，以防我们担心真是太考虑周到了。
8．(2024·江苏，31改编)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and________(comprehension) review of the case.
答案：comprehensive comprehensive“全面的，详尽的”。句意：警官们决定对这个案件做一个彻底、详尽的审查。
9．(2024·课标全国Ⅰ，70改编)Just be ________(patience).
答案：patient 句意为：要耐心。设空前为系动词be，因此要用提示词的形容词形式作表语，故填patient。
10．(2024·湖北，27改编)What was so ______(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted.
答案：impressive 句意为：贾丝明·韦斯特兰的胜利给人印象很深的是，她赤脚取得了马拉松的第一名。设空处和前面的系动词was构成系表结构，所以用形容词作表语。impressive意为“给人印象深刻的”。
11．(2024·陕西，16改编)—You know, I met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday.
—______(real)? I thought you'd met them before.
答案：Really 句意为：——你知道么，我就是在昨天第一次见了女友的父母。——真的吗？我以为你以前就见过他们了呢。really意为“真的”，在此处表示惊奇。
12．(2024·湖北，29改编)Don't defend him any more.It's obvious that he______(deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.
答案：deliberately 设空处修饰谓语动词destroyed，用副词形式。句意为：不要再为他辩解了。很显然他是故意弄坏花园的栅栏的，他甚至都不道歉。
13．(2024·江西，23改编)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn't have found it ______.
答案：otherwise 句意为：多谢你把我们领到这所房子，否则，我们是不可能找到它的。otherwise意为“要不然，否则”符合语境。
14．(2024·湖北，78改编)This novel was once the ______(wide) read book in high schools in the United States.
答案：most widely 句意为：这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。根据空前的定冠词及空后的in high schools in the United States可知，应用最高级the most widely来修饰过去分词read，故填most widely。
15．(2024·辽宁，68)The ________ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.He controls you！
答案：harder 本句是固定句式：“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，表示“越……就越……”。句意为：你越是用力打他，你就越可能被打，他能够控制你！故答案为harder。
Ⅱ.语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of __1__ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was __2__ (extreme) heavy. It __3__ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was __4__ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of __5__ (wool) goods. He was __6__ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding __7__ (silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and __8__ (comfort) trip, for he had been confined (关在)to the wooden box __9__ (secret)for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay ￡3,500 for the cost of the trip, which was __10__ expensive than the normal price, which only cost ￡2,000.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1.wooden 2.extremely 3.suddenly 4.astonished
5．woolen 6.so 7.silently 8.uncomfortable 9.secretly
10．more
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ)Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.
答案：seriously改为serious 应用形容词修饰名词，不能用副词。
2．(2024·辽宁)That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.
答案：closely改为close closely是副词，副词通常不能和系动词连用构成系表结构，应改为形容词close，本句how close the houses are中的close本应该是在系动词are的后面，构成系表结构are close。
3．(2024·广东，23改编)But such a small thing couldn’t possible destroy a village.
答案：possible改为possibly 修饰动词destroy，用副词形式。
4．(2024·湖北，26改编)“Perhaps we need to send for Dr.Smith to see what we can do about it，”Father suggested tentative to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem.
答案：tentative改为tentatively 修饰谓语动词suggested，用副词形式。
5．(2024·湖南，24改编)Bicycling is good exercise；beside, it does not pollute the air.
答案：beside改为besides 句意为：骑单车是一项非常好的运动，而且，还不会污染空气。这里表示的是“另外，而且”表示进一步从另外一个角度阐明该问题，应用副词besides。beside是介词，意为“在……旁边”。
6．(2024·宁夏银川一中月考)Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil.
答案：interested改为interesting 表示“(事物本身)有趣的”，用现在分词形式的形容词。句意为：因此，我给他们讲有趣的故事，告诉(他们)我有多么喜欢巴西。
7．The doctor said there was nothing seriously with her.
答案：seriously改为serious 修饰不定代词nothing，用于说明其性质和程度，应该用形容词作后置定语。
8．I write to my mother every week, most on Sundays.
答案：most改为mostly 副词mostly表示“大部分地；主要地”，此处作“大多数”讲，故将most改为mostly。most作副词时，意为“最”。
9．Zaire is the second large producer of diamonds.
答案：large改为largest 根据句意可知，此处表示最高级意义，largest前加序数词表示“第几大……”。
10．After making a carefully examination, the doctor said, “You are in a very good state of health for a woman of your age.
答案：carefully改为careful examination是名词，要用形容词来修饰。
11．The dog may be a good companion for the old. Therefore, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.
答案：Therefore改为However 句意为：狗或许是老年人的好朋友，然而带着它散步可能不方便。disadvantage是关键词，由此可知前后两句是转折关系，故用however。
12．Hearing the news that he failed in the exam, he felt very sadly.
答案：sadly改为sad 此处felt为系动词，后面应跟形容词作表语，故应用sad。
13．He has to work if he wants to live comfortable.
答案：comfortable改为comfortably 修饰动词live，应用副词comfortably。
14．When he was young, he read a lot, and late he became a famous writer of his day.
答案：late改为later late作形容词或副词，意为“迟，晚”；later作副词，意为“后来”，符合语境。
15．This is a most beautiful park. I have never seen a best one before.
答案：best改为better 此处用比较级better，放在否定句中表达最高级含义。
语法专题5 形容词与副词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2024·安徽，26改编)I'm so ________(gratefully) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
答案：grateful be grateful to...意为“对……感激/感谢”。
2．(2024·安徽，31改编)They gave money to the old people's home either ________(person) or through their companies.
答案：personally personally“私人地，个人地”。句意：他们以个人的名义或通过他们的公司给养老院捐钱。
3．(2024·浙江，13改编)Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was ________(former) alive.
答案：formerly formerly“先前地，以前地”。句意：如果我们了解甚至一点点有关食物是从哪儿来的，那么大多数人都懂得每一口放进我们嘴里的食物之前都是活着的。
4．(2024·湖北，27改编)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be________(punctuality).
答案：punctual punctual准时的。句意：尽管会议大厅就在他的公寓附近，但如果他想要准时到达，他必须得快点。
5．(2024·湖北，28改编)I don't think what he said is ________(relevantly) to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.
答案：relevant relevant相关的，切题的。句意：我认为他所说的话与我们正在讨论的问题不相关。他没有抓住要点。
6．(2024·四川，9改编)Little Tom sat ________(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
答案：amazed amazed意为“感到吃惊的”，常修饰人。句意：小汤姆吃惊地坐在那儿看着猴子在他面前跳舞。拓展：These soldiers spent three days in the old weather，cold and hungry.这些士兵们又冷又饿，在严寒的天气中过了三天。
7．(2024·福建，23改编)It was ________(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
答案：considerate considerate考虑周到的，体贴的，常用结构It is considerate of sb. to do sth。句意：迈克尔告知我们他耽搁了一些时间，以防我们担心真是太考虑周到了。
8．(2024·江苏，31改编)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and________(comprehension) review of the case.
答案：comprehensive comprehensive“全面的，详尽的”。句意：警官们决定对这个案件做一个彻底、详尽的审查。
9．(2024·课标全国Ⅰ，70改编)Just be ________(patience).
答案：patient 句意为：要耐心。设空前为系动词be，因此要用提示词的形容词形式作表语，故填patient。
10．(2024·湖北，27改编)What was so ______(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted.
答案：impressive 句意为：贾丝明·韦斯特兰的胜利给人印象很深的是，她赤脚取得了马拉松的第一名。设空处和前面的系动词was构成系表结构，所以用形容词作表语。impressive意为“给人印象深刻的”。
11．(2024·陕西，16改编)—You know, I met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday.
—______(real)? I thought you'd met them before.
答案：Really 句意为：——你知道么，我就是在昨天第一次见了女友的父母。——真的吗？我以为你以前就见过他们了呢。really意为“真的”，在此处表示惊奇。
12．(2024·湖北，29改编)Don't defend him any more.It's obvious that he______(deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.
答案：deliberately 设空处修饰谓语动词destroyed，用副词形式。句意为：不要再为他辩解了。很显然他是故意弄坏花园的栅栏的，他甚至都不道歉。
13．(2024·江西，23改编)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn't have found it ______.
答案：otherwise 句意为：多谢你把我们领到这所房子，否则，我们是不可能找到它的。otherwise意为“要不然，否则”符合语境。
14．(2024·湖北，78改编)This novel was once the ______(wide) read book in high schools in the United States.
答案：most widely 句意为：这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。根据空前的定冠词及空后的in high schools in the United States可知，应用最高级the most widely来修饰过去分词read，故填most widely。
15．(2024·辽宁，68)The ________ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.He controls you！
答案：harder 本句是固定句式：“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，表示“越……就越……”。句意为：你越是用力打他，你就越可能被打，他能够控制你！故答案为harder。
Ⅱ.语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of __1__ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was __2__ (extreme) heavy. It __3__ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was __4__ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of __5__ (wool) goods. He was __6__ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding __7__ (silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and __8__ (comfort) trip, for he had been confined (关在)to the wooden box __9__ (secret)for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay ￡3,500 for the cost of the trip, which was __10__ expensive than the normal price, which only cost ￡2,000.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1.wooden 2.extremely 3.suddenly 4.astonished
5．woolen 6.so 7.silently 8.uncomfortable 9.secretly
10．more
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ)Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.
答案：seriously改为serious 应用形容词修饰名词，不能用副词。
2．(2024·辽宁)That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.
答案：closely改为close closely是副词，副词通常不能和系动词连用构成系表结构，应改为形容词close，本句how close the houses are中的close本应该是在系动词are的后面，构成系表结构are close。
3．(2024·广东，23改编)But such a small thing couldn’t possible destroy a village.
答案：possible改为possibly 修饰动词destroy，用副词形式。
4．(2024·湖北，26改编)“Perhaps we need to send for Dr.Smith to see what we can do about it，”Father suggested tentative to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem.
答案：tentative改为tentatively 修饰谓语动词suggested，用副词形式。
5．(2024·湖南，24改编)Bicycling is good exercise；beside, it does not pollute the air.
答案：beside改为besides 句意为：骑单车是一项非常好的运动，而且，还不会污染空气。这里表示的是“另外，而且”表示进一步从另外一个角度阐明该问题，应用副词besides。beside是介词，意为“在……旁边”。
6．(2024·宁夏银川一中月考)Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil.
答案：interested改为interesting 表示“(事物本身)有趣的”，用现在分词形式的形容词。句意为：因此，我给他们讲有趣的故事，告诉(他们)我有多么喜欢巴西。
7．The doctor said there was nothing seriously with her.
答案：seriously改为serious 修饰不定代词nothing，用于说明其性质和程度，应该用形容词作后置定语。
8．I write to my mother every week, most on Sundays.
答案：most改为mostly 副词mostly表示“大部分地；主要地”，此处作“大多数”讲，故将most改为mostly。most作副词时，意为“最”。
9．Zaire is the second large producer of diamonds.
答案：large改为largest 根据句意可知，此处表示最高级意义，largest前加序数词表示“第几大……”。
10．After making a carefully examination, the doctor said, “You are in a very good state of health for a woman of your age.
答案：carefully改为careful examination是名词，要用形容词来修饰。
11．The dog may be a good companion for the old. Therefore, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.
答案：Therefore改为However 句意为：狗或许是老年人的好朋友，然而带着它散步可能不方便。disadvantage是关键词，由此可知前后两句是转折关系，故用however。
12．Hearing the news that he failed in the exam, he felt very sadly.
答案：sadly改为sad 此处felt为系动词，后面应跟形容词作表语，故应用sad。
13．He has to work if he wants to live comfortable.
答案：comfortable改为comfortably 修饰动词live，应用副词comfortably。
14．When he was young, he read a lot, and late he became a famous writer of his day.
答案：late改为later late作形容词或副词，意为“迟，晚”；later作副词，意为“后来”，符合语境。
15．This is a most beautiful park. I have never seen a best one before.
答案：best改为better 此处用比较级better，放在否定句中表达最高级含义。
