2024届高考英语二轮复习特色专项训练：第1部分 题型重组 第12组（全国卷Ⅱ）
第十二组
(建议用时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·陕西质量检测二)
Dear Mr.Wolfson，
The purpose of this letter is to inform you of one of our citizens who I believe should receive some special recognition for dedicated(敬业的) community service.The person I recommend is Elizabeth Samuelson.I believe you know her in your position as volunteer coordinator(协调员)．
I have known Elizabeth for more than 20 years as both a friend and a neighbor.During that time I have seen her work tirelessly on scores of community projects and committees.As far as I know，she has never received any kind of recognition from the community for her work.I believe she should be given some sort of special recognition.
Just last year alone，she worked on at least six different community projects including the Park Renewal Project and the Heritage Homes FundRaising Banquet.In addition，she is a weekly driver for the MealsonWheels program and she visits patients in the care unit on a regular basis.Whenever a project or committee needs her，she will put herself into the work wholeheartedly.I’m sure that if you check with a few of your staff members who have been there over the years，they will confirm Elizabeth’s community service record and probably be able to add many examples to the few I have given here.By the way，Elizabeth has no idea that I am writing this.She is a humble(谦虚的) person，and if she were aware of it，she would not allow me to send it.
I thought about writing such a letter about her a number of times in the past but just never took action.Then last week，I noticed in the paper that you sponsor(主办) an annual dinner at which dozens of awards are given out to people with much less community service than Elizabeth.In fact，I checked with her and she has never even been invited to that annual event!
I urge you to correct that omission(疏忽) now and take action to see that Elizabeth is properly recognized for her many years of silent but outstanding service to this community.
Sincerely，
Linda Sullivan
1．Linda is Elizabeth’s ________．
A．friend and colleagueB．neighbor and leader
C．neighbor and worker
D．friend and neighbor
2．From the letter we know that Linda ________ Elizabeth much.
A．depends on
B．looks down upon
C．ignores
D．respects
3．According to the letter，Elizabeth ________．
A．wants to be asked to take part in the annual event
B．contributes much to the community
C．has been invited to the annual dinner
D．has been given a lot of honors
4．What can we learn about Mr.Wolfson from the letter?
A．He knows Linda quite well.
来源：www.ziyuanku.comB．He is a careless person.
C．He tries something to reward those who have done much community service.
D．He tries his best to find Elizabeth and do something to reward her.
B
(2024·河南省实验中学检测)Being an astronaut sounds cool，doesn’t it？In space，they get to do some pretty amazing things，like floating in zero gravity.
However，there are also plenty of things that astronauts can’t do because of their weightless environment，and that’s very sad.What’s worse，they can’t even let their sadness show—because it’s impossible to cry in zero gravity.
Of course，astronauts can still produce tears.But crying is much more difficult in space，reported The Atlantic in January.Without gravity，tears don’t flow downward out of the eyes like they do here on Earth.This means that when you cry in space，your tears have nowhere to go—they just stick to your eyes.
Astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this during one of his spacewalks.“Tears，”he said，“don’t fall off your eyes...They just kind of stay there.”
Besides making your vision unclear，this can also cause physical pain.Back on Earth，tears are supposed to bring comfort to the eyes.But that’s not the case in space.The space environment dries out astronauts’ eyes，and when tears suddenly wet the eyes，it can cause pain rather than comfort.“My right eye is painful like crazy.”Feustel told his teammate during the walk.
Since gravity doesn’t work in space，astronauts need some extra help to get rid of the tears.Feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe the tears away.Another choice is to just wait—“When the tears get big enough they simply break free of the eye and float around，” astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic.
There are lots of small things—things like crying—that we are so used to on Earth.We usually take them for granted，until they become a problem in a totally different environment，like space.There，astronauts can’t talk to each other directly.They also can’t eat or drink in normal ways.They can’t even burp(打嗝)，because there is no gravity to hold the food down in their stomach.If they do burp，they just end up throwing up(呕吐) everything in their stomach，according to the UK National Space Center.
Thus，perhaps it’s only space explorers who can honestly say，“Gravity，you’re the best.”
5．What can we conclude from Paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Astronauts are unable to feel sad in space.
B．Astronauts produce fewer tears in space.
C．Tears produced in space flow down more slowly.
D．Tears produced in space don’t flow downward.
6．What effect do tears have on astronauts?
A．They cause physical pain.
B．They bring comfort to them.
Ziyuanku.comC．They make their vision clearer.
D．They float around and cause trouble.
7．What can the astronaut do to get rid of the tears?
A．Rub his eyes against his helmet to let the tears float forward.
B．Rub his eyes by hand to let the tears float around.
ziyuanku.comC．Get the tears big enough to fall off of his eyes.
D．Get the tears big enough to break away from his eyes.
8．What’s the last but one paragraph mainly about?
A．Suggestions on how astronauts can stay comfortable in space.
B．Other basic things that are difficult to do in space.
C．Why burping is impossible in space.
D．Things that humans can’t do without gravity.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·河南三市第二次调研)
Please Dress Me in Red
I have worked with numerous children infected with the virus that causes AIDS.The relationships that I have had with these special kids have been __1__ in my life and I have especially learned that great __2__ can be found in the smallest of packages.
Tyler was born infected with HIV and so was his mother.From the __3__ beginning of his life，he depended on medicine to enable him to __4__．When he was five，he had a tube surgically inserted in his chest.This tube was __5__ to a pump，which he carried in a small backpack on his back.Medicine was given to this pump and was __6__ supplied through this tube to his bloodstream.
Tyler wasn’t willing to give __7__ one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease.It was not __8__ to find him playing and racing around his backyard，__9__ his medicineladen backpack and his tank of oxygen.We were all surprised at his pure joy in being alive and the __10__ it gave him.Tyler’ s mom often joked him __11__ telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red so as to check on him __12__ in the yard，and then she could quickly __13__ him.
But this terrifying disease __14__ wore down Tyler.He grew quite ill and，unfortunately，so did his HIVinfected mother.__15__ it became obvious that he wasn’t going to survive，Tyler’s mom talked to him about death.She __16__ him by telling Tyler that she was dying too，and that she would be with him soon in heaven.
A few days before his death，Tyler __17__ to me at his hospital bed，“I __18__ die soon.I’m not scared.When I die，please dress me in red.Mom __19__ she’s coming to heaven，too.I’ll be playing when she gets there，__20__ I want to make sure she can find me without any effort.”
1.A.things B．lessons
C．gifts
D．skills
2．A.courage
B．ability
中华资源库 ziyuanku.comC．wisdom
D．knowledge
3．A.primary
B．very
C．first
D．right
4．A.struggle
B．wrestle
C．fight
D．survive
5．A.connected
B．given
C．united
D．tied
6．A.occasionally
B．continuously
C．rarely
D．frequently
7．A.in
B．out
C．up
D．off
8．A.unlucky
B．unfamiliar
C．unexpected
D．unusual
9．A.wearing
B．dressing
C．pulling
D．bringing
Ziyuanku.com10．A.strength
B．energy
C．effort
D．force
11．A.with
B．for
C．by
D．in
12．A.walking
B．wandering
C．running
D．playing
13．A.recognize
B．phone
C．contact
D．touch
14．A.extremely
B．completely
C．eventually
D．wholly
15．A.After
B．Before
C．While
D．When
16．A.encouraged
B．comforted
C．responded
D．answered
17．A.whispered
B．explained
C．spoke
D．talked
18．A.must
B．would
C．might
D．should
19．A.agreed
B．promised
C．condemned
D．rejected
20．A.but
B．or
Ziyuanku.comC．so
D．and
来源：ziyuanku.com
第十二组
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。作者写信向Wolfson先生推荐一位多年来默默无闻为社区工作做出杰出贡献的人。
1．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，作者认识Elizabeth 20多年了，她们既是邻居又是朋友。故选D。
2．解析：选D。推理判断题。作者在这封信里称赞Elizabeth为社区工作不求名利、默默奉献并且很谦虚，希望Wolfson先生认可并表彰Elizabeth；由此可推知，她很尊敬Elizabeth。故选D。
3．解析：选B。细节理解题。通过作者的介绍可知，Elizabeth在社区兢兢业业工作了20多年，为社区工作做出了贡献，但她却从未受到过表彰，也未被邀请参加社区年会。故选B。
4．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第四段第二句中的“Then last week，I noticed in the paper that you sponsor(主办) an annual dinner at which dozens of awards are given out to people”可知，Wolfson先生将举办年会奖励那些为社区工作做出贡献的人。故选C。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普说明文。很多在地球上容易完成的小事，在太空中却难以完成，如流眼泪，打嗝。文章解释了原因并说明了在太空中做这些小事给身体所带来的疼痛。
5．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Without gravity，tears don’t flow downward out of the eyes like they do here on Earth.”可知，由于没有重力，眼泪不会像在地球上那样滚落下来；由此可推知，在太空中时，眼泪不会滚落下来。故D项正确。A、B两项文中未提及；C项与文意相反。
6．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Besides making your vision unclear，this can also cause physical pain.”可知，在太空中眼泪不仅会使你视力模糊，还会引起疼痛。故A项正确。B、C两项与文意相反；D项文中未提及。
7．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“Another choice is to just wait—‘When the tears get big enough they simply break free of the eye and float around，’astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic.”可知，宇航员除掉眼泪的方法之一是等待泪珠足够大时，它会自行脱离眼睛而向周围飘散，故D项正确，C项错误；根据该段第二句“Feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe the tears away.”可知A、B两项错误。
8．解析：选B。段落大意题。通读该段内容可知，该段的主题句是第一、二句“There are lots of small things...We usually take them for granted，until they become a problem in a totally different environment，like space.”，由此可知，该段主要介绍了一些在太空中难以完成的小事。故B项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个名叫Tyler的孩子天生患有艾滋病，他的胸部有一根管子跟背包里的泵相连，以不断给他供药，可病魔还是夺走了他的生命。临死前他让“我”给他穿上红色的衣服，以便他的妈妈在天堂里很快就能找到他。
1．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据该句中“in my life”表达的语境，结合正文对Tyler的描写可知，与这些患有艾滋病的特殊孩子的相处是我生命中的礼物。C项意为“礼物”，符合语境。A项意为“事情”；B项意为“功课，教训”；D项意为“技能”，都与语境不符。
2．解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据下文对患有艾滋病的孩子Tyler勇敢面对疾病和死亡的描述可知，“我”从这些孩子身上学到了勇气。A项意为“勇气”，符合语境。故A项正确。B项意为“能力”；C项意为“智慧”；D项意为“知识”，都与语境不符。
3．解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。根据上句可知，Tyler一出生就和他的妈妈一样感染上了艾滋病。B项意为“正是，恰好是”，符合语境。故B项正确。A项意为“初级的”；C项意为“第一”；D项意为“正确的”，都与语境不符。
4．解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据上句可知，Tyler一出生就和他的妈妈一样感染上了艾滋病，要依靠药物才能生存。D项意为“生存”，符合语境。故D项正确。A项意为“挣扎”；B项意为“摔跤”；C项意为“斗争”，都与语境不符。
5．解析：选A。考查动词辨析。根据上句可知，他在五岁时通过手术在胸部插入了一根管子，结合该句中的“which he carried in a small backpack on his back”可推知，这根管子和他装在背包中的泵相连。connect...to意为“与……连接”，符合语境。故A项正确。B项意为“给”；C项意为“联合”；D项意为“系，绑”，都与语境不符。
6．解析：选B。考查副词辨析。根据上下文语境可知，泵中的药物通过管子源源不断地流入他的血液中。B项意为“不断地，持续地”，符合语境。故B项正确。
7．解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。根据该句中“one single moment”及下文“find him playing and racing”表达的语境可知，Tyler决不因这种致命的疾病而放弃自己童年的每一刻。give up为固定搭配，意为“放弃”。故C项正确。give in意为“屈服，让步”；give out意为“分发，筋疲力尽”；give off意为“发出，放出(光、热等)”，都与语境不符。
8．解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。根据下文“We were all surprised at his pure joy in being alive”可知，尽管Tyler身患艾滋病，但我们经常看到他在院子里玩耍。D项意为“不寻常的，罕见的”，与否定词连用表示“经常”，符合语境。故D项正确。A项意为“不幸的”；B项意为“不熟悉的”；C项意为“未料到的”，都与语境不符。
