2024届高考英语（江苏专用）一轮复习讲义：Book 6 Unit 4（牛津译林版）
话题词汇
1.virtue n.美德
2.serve v.服务
3.rewarding adj.得到回报的
4.friendship n.友谊
5.do good deeds做好事
6.the disabled残疾人
7.contribute to为……作贡献
8.show care for关心
9.give up seats让座
10.be ready to help others乐于助人
经典语篇
假如你是宁德市某中学高三(1)班班长，你得知，你班王伟同学昨天下午放学回家路上看到一位老奶奶摔倒在地，他立刻将她扶到安全的地方，同时拨打了120，使老奶奶得到了及时救治。请你就此事倡议全班同学向他学习。
倡议要点如下：
1.简述王伟的事迹；
2.发表感想；
3.提出倡议。
注意：1.可根据提示适当展开，以使行文连贯；
2.词数150左右；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear classmates，
I am more than pleased to share with you Wang Wei’s story.
That’s all.Thank you.
佳作欣赏
Dear classmates，
I am more than pleased to share with you Wang Wei’s story.
On his way home yesterday afternoon，Wang Wei noticed an old lady fall to the ground and went up to her help without hesitation.① After helping her to safety，he dialed 120 and the granny got timely treatment in hospital.
I was deeply impressed by what Wang Wei had done.There is no doubt that such a deed should be encouraged.Firstly，it has been one of the traditional Chinese virtues to help those in trouble.Secondly，people nowadays seem to be getting more and more unwilling to help others，especially the aged.② Therefore，Wang Wei’s behavior is of great significance in awakening people’s awareness of helping others.③ Thirdly，it is our duty to make our world a more harmonious place，where everyone can enjoy his life.
In short，I strongly suggest that all of us should learn from Wang Wei and always be ready to help others.With everyone doing his or her part，we can make a difference.
That’s all.Thank you.
思维发散
1.用“on＋v.ing”改写第①句
On his way home yesterday afternoon，on seeing an old lady fall to the ground，Wang Wei went up to her help without hesitation.
2.仿照第②句翻译句子
孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢。
The children seemed to be eating something in the room.
3.用count改写第③句
Therefore，Wang Wei’s behavior counts a lot in awakening people’s awareness of helping others.
Ⅰ.重点单词
A.写作单词
1.voluntary (adj.)志愿的；自愿的，主动的
2.contribute (vt.& vi.)捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致
3.acquire (vt.)购得；获得，得到
4.expand (vi.& vt.)扩展，发展(业务)；扩大，增强
5.starvation (n.)饥饿；挨饿；饿死
6.means (n.)手段，方法
7.commitment (n.)承诺，保证；投入，奉献；不得不做的事
8.remind (vt.)提醒，使想起
9.lack (n.& vt.)缺乏
lacking (adj.)缺乏的，匮乏的
10.description (n.)描写(文字)，形容，说明
describe (vt.)描述，形容
11.alternative (adj.)可供替代的；(n.)可供选择的事物
alternatively (adv.)要不，或者；两者择一地
12.worthy (adj.)令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的
worth (adj.)值得；值……钱；
(n.)价值
worthwhile (adj.)重要的；令人愉快的；值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)的
13.equal (adj.)平等的；同等的；(n.)同等的人；相等物；(vt.)与……相同或相等
equally (adv.)相等地；同样地
equality (n.)相等，平等
14.urgent (adj.)紧急的，紧迫的
urgency (n.)紧急，急迫
urge (vt.)敦促，力劝；竭力主张；(n.)强烈的欲望，冲动
15.possession (n.)个人财产；拥有，具有
possess (vt.)具有，拥有；支配
16.troublesome (adj.)麻烦的，讨厌的，棘手的
trouble (n.)麻烦；困难；(vt.)麻烦；使烦恼
B.阅读单词
17.ambassador (n.)大使
18.fetch (vt.)售得，卖得(某价)；取来
19.victim (n.)受害者
20.remote (adj.)偏远的，偏僻的
21.charity (n.)慈善机构；赈济；仁爱
22.mountainous (adj.)多山的
23.poverty (n.)贫穷，贫困
24.primitive (adj.)原始的
25.obtain (vt.)(尤指经努力)获得；赢得
26.wage (n.)(通常指按周领的)工资
27.chaos (n.)混乱，杂乱，紊乱
28.colleague (n.)同事
29.assistant (n.)助理，助手；(adj.)助理的，副的
30.muddy (adj.)多泥的，泥泞的
31.damp (adj.)潮湿的
32.shelter (n.)住所，藏身之处
33.staff (n.)全体员工
34.barrier (n.)障碍，隔阂；屏障，障碍物
35.interpreter (n.)口译工作者，口译译员
36.angle (n.)角度
37.political (adj.)政治的；政府的
politics (n.)政治(学)
politician (n.)从政者，政治家
38.export (n.)出口产品，输出品；出口，输出；(vt.& vi.)出口，输出
import (n.& vt.)进口，输入
39.vacant (adj.)空着的，未被占用的；(职位)空缺的
vacancy (n.)(职位的)空缺；空职
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.refer to谈及，提到；与……相关，涉及；查阅，参考
2.in addition除……以外(还)，此外
3.draw one’s attention to使(某人)察觉到
4.under the umbrella of在……的保护下，在……的管理下
5.look up查阅；抬头往上看
6.out of work失业
7.in need在困难中，在危急中
8.break down出故障；抛锚；(谈判等)失败；(健康等)垮掉
9.in chaos处于混乱状态
10.get hold of得到；抓住
11.remind sb.of让某人想起……，提醒某人……
12.think back to回想，追忆
13.make a difference有作用(关系、影响)
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.As you know，the UN touches the lives of people everywhere.
正如你们所知，联合国触及世界各地人们的生活。
2.I would rather you hadn’t told me about it.
我宁愿你还没有把那件事告诉我。
3.If only I were a Goodwill Ambassador!
要是我是亲善大使多好！
1
1lack sth.缺少某物
lack of缺少…… 名词短语
2for lack of因缺少……
no lack of...充足的……
3lacking adj.缺乏的，不足的
be lacking in...＝be short of...在……方面缺乏
(1) Lack of sleep could put the birds’ health at risk.
缺乏睡眠可能使得鸟类健康处于危险。(2024·四川)
(2)Despite his lack of experience，he got the job.
他虽然经验不足，但还是获得了这份工作。
(3)He said there was no lack of things for them to talk about.
他说他们有大量要讨论的东西。
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①He was set free for lack of (因缺少) evidence.
②Though lacking money(尽管缺钱)，his parents managed to send him abroad for further study.
③Now the problem is that we are lacking in new ideas(缺乏新思想).
(2)It is reported that
money makes lots of teenagers stay at home.
A.short of
B.shy of
C.lack of
D.lacking of
答案 C
解析 句意为：据报道缺钱使得很多青少年呆在家里。A、B两项是形容词，不能作主语；D项去掉of才可以构成动名词作主语。
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[应试指导] 完型填空及写作词汇
1be worthy of sth./of being done/to be done值得做某事
2worthwhile adj.重要的；令人愉快的；值得花时间或花钱、努力等的
It’s worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事
be worth＋n.值得……，值……
3worth adj.值得的；值……钱的；n.价值
be worth doing sth.值得做某事
[特别提醒]
worthy可作前置定语，而worth不能；worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰。
(1)To support these worthy causes，Ashoka provides money for the world’s most promising “changemakers”.
为了支持这些重要的事业，Ashoka为世界上最有潜力的“changemakers”提供资金支持。(2024·安徽)
(2)He realized he would take a loss by selling the house to us，but it was worthwhile.
他意识到把房子卖给我们他会有金钱上的损失，但是这值得。(2024·天津)
(3)This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.
也许会让你惊讶，但是让烹饪值得你花时间的最好的方式就是通过反复试验。 (2024·新课标全国Ⅱ)
多维训练
(1)用worth，worthwhile，worthy填空
①The factory is worth visiting.
②The factory is worthy of a visit.
③The factory is worthy of being visited.
④The factory is worthy to be visited.
⑤It’s worthwhile visiting the factory.
(2)翻译句子
依我看来，让学生更多的接触社会活动是值得的。(worthwhile，expose sb.to sth.)
In my opinion，it’s worthwhile to expose/exposing students to more social activities.
(3)
a distinctive scenic spot worth
，Yangzhou，a friendly city，appeals to visitors from all over the world.
A.Considered；visited
B.Considered；visiting
C.Considering；visiting
D.Considering；being visited
答案 B
解析 句意为：扬州被认为是一个独一无二的值得参观的场所、一个友好的城市，吸引了来自全世界各地的游客。consider考虑、认为，句子的主语是其动作承受者，应用过去分词作状语；be worth＋doing sth.值得做某事。appeal to 吸引。故选B。
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equal adj.相同的，相等的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的；n.同等的人；相等物；vt.与……相等，等于；比得上；抵得过
[应试指导] 一词多义
1be equal in在……方面比得上
be equal to sth./doing sth.等于；与……相等；胜任……
胜任的表达：be fit for；be adequate for；be qualified for；be up to
on equal terms在对等的条件下
2without equal/have no equal无与伦比
3equally adv.相等地，同等地
(1)I am quite sure he is equal to the task.
我很确定他能胜任这个任务。
(2)In fact，when it comes to the art of war，ants have no equal.
事实上，当说到战争艺术时，蚂蚁是无与伦比的。(2024·安徽)
(3)An equally important quality is tolerance.
一个同等重要的品质是容忍。(2024·湖南)
多维训练
(1)They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine
a college year’s monthly rent.
A.shared
B.paid
C.equaled
D.collected
答案 C
解析 句意为：他们所预定的饭店里一瓶酒的价格相当于大学一个月的租金。equal与……相等或相同，符合语境。
(2)—Do you think he is the only person for the job?
—I’m not quite sure but he’ll prove
to the task.
A.equal
B.essential
C.special
D.superior
答案 A
解析 考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：——你认为他是这个工作的唯一人选吗？——我不确定，但他终会胜任这份工作的。equal相当的，(力量、勇气、能力等方面)能胜任的；essential重要的，本质的；special特别的，专门的；superior优秀的；be equal to (doing) sth.能胜任(做)某事，故该题正确答案为A。
4
[应试指导] (1)by no means位于句首时倒装
(2)交际用语by all means的用法
by means of用……办法；借助……
by all means务必，一定；尽一切办法；当然可以
by any means无论如何
by no means绝不，一点也不
表示“绝不”的短语：in no case；in no way；on no account；at no time放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。
(1)The burglars entered the house by means of a ladder.
窃贼用梯子爬进了这所房子。
(2)By no means is this the first time you have been late.
这绝不是你第一次迟到。
(3)Furthermore，punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.
而且，惩罚绝不是帮助他们身心健康成长的明智选择。
[特别提醒]
means为单复数同形。作主语且有every，each，one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有all，some，several，many等词修饰时谓语动词用复数。
多维训练
(1)用上述短语的适当形式填空
①He succeeded by means of perseverance.
②Try by all means/by any means to save the dying.
③By no means should we pursue our goals at the cost of health.
(2)用所给词的适当形式填空
They tried all means，which they thought possibly are(be) helpful，but unfortunately not a means has(have) worked so far.
(3)Without the friction(摩擦力) between feet and the ground，people would
be able to walk.
A.in no time
B.by all means
C.on any account
D.in no way
答案 D
解祈 in no time 很快；by all means当然可以，一定，务必；on any account 在任何情况下；in no way绝不。句意为：没有脚和地面的摩擦，人们就不能行走。
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[应试指导] 一词多义；非谓语形式(referred；referring)的考查
