2024届高考英语精品专题必做练习：阅读理解（5）

　　A

　　Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson？Perhaps yes.Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.

　　The gene comes in two versions，one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans.The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans，researchers

　　at

　　the

　　Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.

　　Scientists have changed the color of a dark­striped zebrafish (斑马鱼) to gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish.As with humans，the skin color of zebrafish is determined by pigment cells，which contain melanin (黑色素)．The number，size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin color.

　　It appears that，like the golden zebrafish，light­skinned Europeans also have a mutation (变异) in the gene for melanin production.This results in less pigmented skin.

　　However，Keith Cheng，leader of the research team，points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes.

　　Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra­violet rays of the sun，which can cause skin cancer.

　　But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes，they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D．So the related gene changes，according to Cheng.

　　Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans，so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color，said Cheng.

　　The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer.It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.

　　5．Scientists have done an experiment on a dark­striped zebrafish in order to________.

　　A．find the genes that are different from humans’

　　B．prove the skin color of zebrafish is determined by the pigment gene

　　C．find out the reason why Africans’ skin color is dark

　　D．find out the ways to change people’s skin color

　　6．The passage mainly tells us that________.

　　A．scientists have found out the gene that determines people’s skin color

　　B．the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely

　　C．pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked

　　D．people cannot change their skin color without any pain

　　7．The reason why Europeans are light­skinned is probably that________.

　　A．they are born light­skinned people

　　B．light­skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production

　　C．they have fewer activities outside

　　D．they pay much attention to protecting their skin

　　8．The writer’s attitude towards the discovery is________.

　　A．neutral

　　B．negative

　　C．indifferent

　　D．positiveB

　　Frank Smithson woke up and leaned over to turn off the alarm clock. "Oh no!" he thought to himself."Another day at that office; a boss who shouts at me all the time." As Frank went downstairs his eyes fell on a large brown envelope by the door. He was overjoyed when he opened it and read the letter inside."Bigwoods Football Polls (足球赌博公司)would like to congratulate you. You have won half a million pounds."

　　Farnk suddenly came to life. The cigarette (香烟) fell from his lips as he let out a shout that could be heard halfway down the street.

　　At l1:30 Frank arrived at work."Please explain why you're so late," his boss said. "Go and jump in the lake," replied Frank. "I've just come into a little money so this is goodbye. Find yourself someone else to shout at."

　　That evening Frank was smoking a very expensive Havana cigar (雪茄) when a knock was heard on the door. He rushed to the door. Outside were two men,nearly dressed in grey suit."Mr Smithson," one of them said, "We're from Bigwoods Pools. I'm afraid there's been a terrible mistake?

　　1. What do we know about Frank?______.

　　A.He was a lazy man.

　　B.He was a lucky person

　　C.We didn't make a lot of money

　　D.He didn't get on well with his boss.

　　2. When he heard the knock at the door, Frank probably thought______.

　　A.someone had come to make an apology.

　　B.someone had come to give him the money.

　　C.his friends had come to ask about the football pools.

　　D.his friends had come to congratulate him on his luck.

　　3. On hearing "... there's been a terrible mistake..." Frank was most likely to be______.

　　A.disappointed

　　B.worried

　　C.nervous

　　D.curious

　　C

　　Dear Michelle,

　　Why can't my daughter manage her life better? She is 17 and an honor student, but she seems to be wasting her life away with a boyfriend who is holding her back.

　　He consumes every waking minute of her precious time and smooth-talks her as well.

　　His goal is to get her to agree to go to the college of his choice, not her choice, and because his grades are lower, his choice will be limited.

　　I feel like I want to rescue her, but she pushes me away and shuts me out. She has only brought us pride and joy; and now this! Help!

　　A worried mother

　　Dear Mother of a 17-year-old Girl,

　　Hmmmmm. What's the matter with kids today? Remember that song from "Bye Bye Birdie"?

　　Well if you do not, let me fill you in about teenagers and their life-management skills. Do not expect too much too soon because at the ripe age of 17, life-management is not within their reach, nor should it be.

　　Life experience creates both the conditions and the skills for management, and if management went before experience, there would be little of it.

　　Your daughter is an honor student for good reasons. She is smart, studies with intelligence and you have given her good values.

　　When the time comes for her to apply for college, and she visits the ones that are specifically designed for students at the top of their grade, she will most likely break away from her boyfriend's influence.

　　It is rare for an honor student to change the path of their academic career for puppy love. That being said, there might be some adolescent wisdom in her behavior after all.

　　Perhaps she is choosing to worry you, her parents, for unconscious reasons. Being such a good girl and being a steady source of joy might have become a bit too much for her.

　　Let your daughter have her own private moment of 11th grade rebellion. She deserves a break from perfection.

　　Michelle

　　26. From the mother's letter we can learn that her daughter

　　.

　　A. is being fooled by the boy

　　B. has fallen behind in her studies

　　C. doesn't talk much with her mother

　　D. has chosen which college to attend

　　27. According to Michelle, 17-year-old teenagers

　　.

　　A. are too young to manage their life

　　B. are old enough to live their own life

　　C. should have management before experience

　　D. have reached the age of an adult

　　28. The underlined word "puppy-love" refer to

　　.

　　A. false love

　　B. foolish love

　　C. pure love

　　D. adolescent love

　　29. Michelle seems to believe that the daughter will finally

　　.

　　A. come up with the right decision

　　B. follow her boyfriend's advice

　　C. worry her parents for unconscious reasons

　　D. influence her boyfriend's behavior

　　30. The best title for the passage would be

　　.

　　A. College of kids' own choice

　　B. How can I help my girl?

　　C. How to manage teenagers' life?

　　D. A 17-year-old girl and her mother

　　D

　　Jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. He has a good heart, but always feared applying for a new job.

　　One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview. His appointment was at 10 am and it was already 8:30. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was something wrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service. Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. It’s the least I could do. Please, I insist.” Jimmy agreed.

　　Upon arrival, Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed. Jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt. One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with disappointed look on their faces. Finally his name was called. The interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window. Rocking the chair back and forth, he asked, “Do you really need to be interviewed?” Jimmy’s heart sank. “With the way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview?” he thought to himself.

　　Then the interviewer turned the chair and to Jimmy’s surprise, it was the old man he helped earlier in the morning. It turned out he was the General Manager of the company.

　　“Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into the office. I just know you’d be a trustworthy worker. Congratulations!” Jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of well-deserved coffee as he landed himself a new job.

　　56. Why did Jimmy apply for a new job? A. He was out of work

　　B. He was bored with his job C. He wanted a higher position

　　D. He hoped to find a better boss

　　57. What did Jimmy see on the way to the interview? A. A friend’s car had a flat tyre

　　B. a wild man was pushing a car C. a terrible accident happened

　　D. an old man’s car broke down

　　58. Why did the old man offer Jimmy a ride? A. He was also to be interviewed

　　B. He needed a traveling companion C. He always helped people in need

　　D. He was thankful to Jimmy

　　59. How did Jimmy feel on hearing the interviewer’s question? A. He was sorry for the other applicants B. There was no hope for him to get the job C. He regretted helping the old man D. The interviewer was very rude

　　60. What can we learn from Jimmy’s experience？ A. Where there is a will, there’s a way B. A friend in need is a friend indeed C. Good is rewarded with good. D. Two heads are better than one

　　A

　　语篇解读：　这是一篇科普文。科学家们找到了决定人类肤色的基因。

　　5．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章第三段可知，科学家把一种色素基因植入斑马鱼的幼鱼体内，将其变成了金色，从而证明了和人类一样，斑马鱼的肤色也是由色素细胞决定的，由此可知B项正确。

　　答案：　B

　　6．解析：　主旨大意题。文章讲述了科学家通过研究斑马鱼发现了决定人类肤色的基因。首段中的“Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.”即研究的结果，也是文章叙述的中心。

　　答案：　A

　　7．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章第四段可知，像金斑马鱼一样，欧洲人的产生黑色素的基因产生了突变，使得黑色素减少，才使他们肤色变浅了。由此可知B项正确。

　　答案：　B

　　8．解析：　推理判断题。依据文章最后一段的首句可知，这一发现有助于攻克皮肤癌等难题，由此可知作者对这个发现持肯定的态度。

　　答案：　D

　　2.【分析】这是一道推理题。读完文章我们可以推测Frank当时的心情很好，所以当他听到敲门声之后，作者用“rushed”一词，生动形象地刻画了Frank当时的心态。所以B为该题的最佳答案；此题通过率为41％。

　　3.【分析】这也是一道推理题。正当Frank在为自己突然的“发迹”而感到得意之时，足球赌博公司的人员告诉这是一个误会。他们搞错了，当时Frank的心情可想而知。A为此题的正确答案。此题通过率为42％。

　　C

　　【文章大意】本文叙述了两封信第一份信是一位母亲认为17岁的女儿不听自己的建议，会听她男朋友的话，选择一个不理想的大学而求助于编辑。第二封信是编辑就此事给出的建议，认为她的女儿是一个优秀生，会做出正确的决定的。

　　26【答案】C

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据He consumes every waking minute of her precious time and smooth-talks her as well可知女儿的男朋友消耗了她醒着的每一分钟，用花言巧语哄骗她的女儿，因此可推断这位母亲和她的女儿之间的谈话不多。故选C。

　　27【答案】A

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据Do not expect too much too soon because at the ripe age of 17, life-management is not within their reach, nor should it be.可知Michelle认为17岁的青少年没有能力管理好自己人生。故选A。

　　28【答案】D

　　【 解析】词义猜测题。根据there might be some adolescent wisdom in her behavior after all.可知这位母亲的女儿在青春期谈恋爱，应是早恋。故选D。

　　29【答案】A

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据she will most likely break away from her boyfriend's influence.可知那位女儿最终会不受她男朋友的影响，自己会做出正确的决定。故选A。

　　30【答案】B

　　【 解析】标题归纳题。根据全文的两封信可知一位母亲认为17岁的女儿不听自己的建议，会听她男朋友的话，选择一个不理想的大学而求助于编辑，编辑就此事给出的建议。因此本文的标题应是如何帮助我的女儿。故选B。

　　’s the least I could do. Please, I insist”，可知老人是因为感激而主动送他去面试场的。故选D。

　　59.【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据老人的问题“你确实需要面试吗？”及Jimmy的所想“With the way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview”可知，以他当时的状态，他无法通过面试。故选B。

　　60.【答案】C

　　【解析】推理判断题。Jimmy在应聘途中无偿地帮助的老人正是他去面试公司的总经理，而后他被提供了那份工作。从这个故事中我们不难认识到：善有善报（Good is rewarded with good）。A项“有志者事竟成”；B项“患难见真情”；D项“三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮