决胜高考 2024高考英语黄金30题：专题01 经典母题30题（教师版）
1.【2024·新课标全国I】A
Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum
Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21:00.
November 7th
The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.
December 5th
Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.
February 6th
An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.
March 6th
Eyots and Aits -Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.
Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book
More info: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson
London Canal Museum
12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT
www.canalmuseum.org.uk
www.canalmuseum.mobi
Tel:020 77130836
21. When is the talk on James Brindley?
A. February 6th.
B. March 6th.
C. November 7th.
D. December 5th.
22.
What is the topic of the talk in February?
A. The Canal Pioneers.
B. Ice for the Metropolis
C. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands
D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals
23.
Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.
A. Miranda Vickers
B. Malcolm Tucker
C. Chris Lewis
D. Liz Payne
【答案】
21. C
22. D
23. A
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要介绍了在伦敦运河博物馆每个月的讲座安排。内容包括讲座的时间、做讲座的人以及讲座的内容简介等。
【考点定位】广告布告类短文阅读
【名师点睛】本篇文章是一篇应用文。文章整体阅读难度较低，所设题目均为考查细节理解题，考生只需通过关键词定位可得出答案。如21题抓住关键词“James Brindley”，22题抓住关键词“February”，23题抓住关键词“Thames”。考生做此类阅读理解时可以先从其问题着手，带着问题的关键词到原文中找出相对应的部分，然后通过对照和比较，就不难选出正确答案。
2.【2024·新课标全国II】D
Choose Your One-Day-Tours!
Tour A - Bath &Stonehenge: including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge -￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter.
Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum, Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.
Tour B - Oxford & Startford
including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's -￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter
Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges. Look over the "city of dreaming spires(尖顶）"from St Mary’s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.
Tour C - Windsor Castle &Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace -￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter.
Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VILL's favorite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫)where it is easy to get lost!
Tour D -Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great -￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter.
Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.
33. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city?
Tour A
Tour B
Tour C
Tour D
34. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?
Windsor Castle & Hampton Court
Oxford & Stratford
Bath & Stonehenge
Cambridge
35. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?
It used to be the home of royal families
It used to be a well-known maze
It is the oldest palace in Britain
It is a world-famous castle
【答案】
33. B
34. D
35. A
【解析】
试题分析：本文介绍了四个旅游目的地。从价格到参观的内容，说明非常详细，四个地方都以英国的游览胜地为主。
33.B 细节理解题。根据原文Tour B中Oxford：Included a guided tour of England’s oldest university and colleges可知，本次活动包括参观牛津大学城和学校，牛津大学是英国最古老的大学，所以要想看英国最古老的大学城就选B。
35.A细节理解题。根据With 500 years of history, Hampton was once the home of four Kings and one Queen Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.判断，人们去参观的主要原因是因为这是有着500年历史的前皇家宫殿，答案为A。
【考点定位】广告类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文是广告类阅读。广告类的题其实只要我们根据问题去找答案就可以，因为题目基本上都是细节理解题。本题中第34小题需要做一些理解和对比。一方面对价格的理解要准确，另一方面要知道题目问的是哪一天价格最低，这样，实际上需要一个对比才能完成得好。
3.【2024·浙江】C
If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead，we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night: We’ve engineered it to
receive us by filling it with light.
The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 一 called light pollution 一 whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad
lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. III-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels 一 and light
rhythms — to which many forms of life, including, ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect or life is affected .
In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We’ve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit nigh, - dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth, is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.
We’ve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing, Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.
Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times righter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint including most other creatures ,we do need darkness .Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.
Living in a glare of our making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night .In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy arching overhead.
50.
According to the passage, human being
.
A. prefer to live in the darkness
B. are used to living in the day light
C. were curious about the midnight world
D. had to stay at home with the light of the moon
51. What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?
A. The night.
B. The moon
C. The sky
D. The planet
52. The writer mentions birds and frogs to
.
A. provide examples of animal protection
B. show how light pollution affects animals
C. compare the living habits of both species
D. explain why the number of certain species has declined
53. It is implied in the last paragraph that
.
A. light pollution dose harm to the eyesight of animals
B. light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages
C. human beings cannot go to the outer space
D. human beings should reflect on their position in the universe
54. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. The Magic light.
B. The Orange Haze.
C. The Disappearing Night.
D. The Rhythms of Nature.
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍了光污染对于动物和人类的影响，呼吁我们反思我们的行为。
52. B 写作目的题 根据第二段第一句话” The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 这项工程带来好处的同时也带来了坏处“和最后一句，“Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected“,
此句意为无论光洒在什么地方，生活都会受到一些影响。show how light pollution affects animals说明光污染影响的动物
54. C 标题题，根据，文章出现最多的就是light和night, 我们可以知道答案是C。之所以不选A，是因为它所使用的形容词Magic意思是奇幻的，。而C选项的disappearing 是消失的，。
【考点定位】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章
【名师点睛】对于这种文章，一定要读懂作者的观点是什么？留意作者看法的用词，即是文章所使用的形容词是支持还是反对。ed to living in the sun’s light.如果人类真的在家里的月亮和星星的光下，我们会在黑暗中快乐，午夜的世界，我们可见的是夜间的大量在这个星球上的物种。相反，我们是日行动物，眼睛适应了太阳的光线。”
4.【2024·新课标全国I】D
Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn’t always easy. They customers - some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session - care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels,’ or ‘people think’,” Lehane told them. “Say ‘I think,’ ‘Think me’.”
A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle - longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.
The city’s psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehanne’s group just to learn to say what they feel. “There’s a strong need in Paris for communication,” says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. And they need to open up.” Lehanne says she’d like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn’t exist”, she says, “If life weren’t a battle, people wouldn’t need a special place just to speak.” But them, it wouldn’t be France.
32. What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?
A. Learn a new subject
B. Keep in touch with friends.
C. Show off their knowledge.
D. Express their true feelings.
33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?
A. They are less frequently visited.
B. They stay open for longer hours.
C. They have bigger night crowds.
D. They start to serve fast food.
34. What are theme cafes expected to do?
A. Create more jobs.
B. Supply better drinks.
C. Save the cafe business.
D. Serve the neighborhood.
35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?
A. They bring people true friendship.
B. They give people spiritual support.
C. They help people realize their dreams.
D. They offer a platform for business links.
【答案】
32. D
33. A
34. C
35. B
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要讲述了法国精神咖啡馆（psychology cafes）的社会意义和功能特色，以及在法国越来越受欢迎。
35. B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句话“If people had normal lives, these cafes would’t exist”, she says,”If life weren’t a battle, people wouln’t need a special place just to speak.” But them, it wouldn’t be France.可知心理咖啡馆在巴黎受欢迎的原因在于他们给予人们精神上的支持。故选B。
【考点定位】社会类短文阅读
【名师点睛】这是一篇社会类短文阅读。难度中等偏上，学生不易读懂。但是第32和33题均为考查细节理解题，问题设计比较简单，考生只需通过关键词定位即可得出答案。其中第34和35题需要在原文的内容的基础之上作出推理，才能判断出正确的答案。考生做此类阅读时要注意前后之间的联系与对比，选择答案时切不可以以偏概全。
5.【2024·湖北卷】D
The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.
First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny balled （芭蕾）dancer. “I’m an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.”
On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it’s just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale (呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible （隐形的）cloud around you head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.
