【师说】2024届高考英语二轮复习强化训练：17语法填空4（含解析）
强化训练17 语法填空(三)
(45分钟，100分)
A
A triathlon (三项全能运动) is a sports event which combines three sports, __1__ (typical) running, biking, and swimming. During a triathlon, athletes finish all three sports without stopping __2__ (beat) the clock. People of all ages and sizes can compete in triathlons. But much like other sports events, a lot of professional __3__ (compete) rule the triathlon world. In addition, many triathlons __4__ (hold) to benefit charity, much like marathons.
The modern triathlon appeared in California in __5__ 1970s. It usually begins with the swimming, __6__ (follow) by cycling, and finally running. A triathlon tests the endurance (忍耐力) and speed of an athlete, as well as his or her ability to keep energy and focus __7__ the race as a whole. A
triathlon competes against a clock, rather than against other athletes. A variation of the triathlon is a relay triathlon, __8__ a different athlete completes each stage.
The swimming stage takes place in a lake or the open ocean. As soon as athletes come out from the water, they change into cycling at the __9__ (fast) speed to save time. After cycling, the athletes change shoes to run. The course is considered complete once the athletes __10__ (cross) the finish line.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______
5．______ 6.______ 7.______ 8.______
9．______ 10.______
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了三项全能运动是怎样的一项运动。
1．解析：考查副词。三项全能运动是一种包含三项运动的体育比赛，通常是赛跑、骑自行车和游泳。修饰动词应用副词typically“通常”。
答案：typically
2．解析：考查非谓语动词。在三项全能运动中，为提前完成任务，运动员需要毫不停歇地完成所有的三项运动。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。
答案：to beat
3．解析：考查名词。空处位于形容词professional后、谓语动词rule前，故要用名词。再根据句意“但是就像其他体育赛事一样，很多专业的参赛者掌控着三项全能运动领域”及前面的“a lot of”可知，此处要用表示人的名词competitor“参赛者”，且要用其复数形式。
答案：competitors
4．解析：考查时态和语态。此处描述的是现在的一般情况，要用一般现在时；此处，主语many triathlons与hold之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
答案：are held
5．解析：考查冠词。现代三项全能运动于20世纪70年代出现在加利福尼亚。表示“在……世纪……年代”时要用定冠词the，这是固定用法。
答案：the
6．解析：考查非谓语动词。它通常从游泳开始，接着是骑自行车，最后是赛跑。swimming与follow“跟随”之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。
答案：followed
7．解析：考查介词。focus on是固定词组，意为“集中注意力或精力于……”。
答案：on
8．解析：考查定语从句。三项全能运动的一种变化形式是接力三项全能运动，在这个运动中不同的运动员完成各自的部分。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，先行词是a relay triathlon，故填where。
答案：where
9．解析：考查形容词最高级。为了节省时间，运动员从水里一出来就以最快的速度改骑自行车。根据空前的“the”和空后的“to save time”可看出，此处要填fast的最高级形式。
答案：fastest
10．解析：考查时态。根据常识可知，选手要在冲过终点线之后才能算完成比赛。故此处要用现在完成时。
答案：have crossed
B
I drove to a local supermarket the other day. My shopping list was long and my wallet was light. Still, I needed to get a week's food for my family. I parked my car, looked down at my list, and hoped I
__1__
pay for it all.
As I walked into the door, I saw a man with kind
__2__ (eye) and a gentle smile. He said he was
__3__
(collect) for a local food bank that helped to feed the hungry in my area. He handed me a second shopping list of things they could use and asked me to help if I could. I smiled back, took the list and walked into the store.
I really wanted to help,
__4__ wasn't sure if I could this time.
I walked through the store, picking up vegetables, soup, spaghetti, bread, milk, cereal, macaroni, bananas, and a dozen other things. I slowly marked each item(项) off my list until I was done. When I looked down at my full cart (购物车) I wondered again
__5__
I even had enough to pay for it all. Then, as I put my own list back into my pocket, I saw the foodbank list under it. I smiled and
__6__
(decide) to trust my heart.
With the food bank in mind, I went over and picked up two of the biggest boxes of rice the store had and put
__7__ (they) in my cart. It took another six dollars out of my wallet to pay for them, but my heart felt six times
__8__
(large) when I did. And when everything was added up, I had just enough to pay for it all.
It takes so little to make our world a better place. A few dollars can help to fill a
__9__
(child) hungry stomach.
__10__
(kind) can change another's day and life. It is up to us, though. We can save a few dollars on rice, or we can share love that will last forever.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______
5．______ 6.______ 7.______ 8.______
9．______ 10.______
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。一天，作者开车去当地的一家超市购物的过程中做了一件好事。
1．解析：考查情态动词。句意：我停好车，低头看了看我的清单，希望自己可以付得起。根据句意，此处表示“能够，可以”，且此处讲述过去的事情，故用情态动词can的过去式could。
答案：could
2．解析：考查名词复数。句意：当我进门时，我看到一个眼神友善又面带温和笑容的人。一个人有两只眼睛，且空前无冠词或所有格，故用eye的复数形式。
答案：eyes
3．解析：考查时态。句意：他说他在为一个当地的食物赈济处募集(食物)。根据空前的“was”和collect与主语he是主动关系可知，此处应用过去进行时，故填collecting。
答案：collecting
4．解析：考查并列连词。句意：我真的想帮忙，但是不确定这次是否能做到。前后分句之间是转折关系，故用but“但是”。
答案：but
5．解析：考查名词性从句。句意：当我低头看着满满的购物车时，我又一次不知道我是否有足够的钱来支付。wondered后是一个宾语执句，从句成分完整，此处表示“是否”，故用if/whether。
答案：if/whether
6．解析：考查时态。句意：我笑了笑并决定相信自己的心。and连接两个并列的谓语，故应填decided与smiled并列。
答案：decided
7．解析：考查代词。put后的宾语指的是two of the biggest boxes of rice，故用出they的宾格形式them。
答案：them
8．解析：考查比较级。句意：但是我这样做时，我感觉我的心是原来的六倍大。虽然句中没有than，但是根据语境可知，此处有比较的意味，倍数表达法中，三倍及以上用“基数词＋times＋比较级(＋than)”表示，故用larger。
答案：larger
9．解析：考查名词所有格。句意：几美元就能帮助填满一个孩子饥饿的胃。空后是名词stomach，所给提示词是child，空前是不定冠词a，故此处应该用child的所有格形式。
答案：child's
10．解析：考查名词。句意：善行能够改变另一个人的一天和生活。空处作句子的主语，因此要用kind的名词形式kindness“善行”。
答案：Kindness
C
As is known to us, the year 2024 has one extra day in it－February, 29th. This is because it's
__1__
we call “a leap year”. Every four years, the year has 366 days in
__2__ instead of 365.
It is called a leap year because hundreds of years ago in England, the extra day wasn't
__3__
(legal) recognized. There is a wellknown tradition in the UK
__4__
(associate) with February 29th, introduced many centuries ago.
Women are allowed to break with tradition and propose(求婚) to their boyfriends on this day. This all started back in the
__5__ (five) century, when a famous Irish saint made a
__6__ (complain)
that women had to wait too long for men to propose.
According to the legend,
Saint Patrick said any female dreaming of a proposal could ask her boyfriend to marry her on this additional day in February. This socalled tradition
__7__
(write)
in law in the thirteenth century.
Scotland passed a law allowing women to propose to men in a leap year. It was said that if the men refused, they had to pay a fine!
Now in 2024, there are calls
__8__
February 29th to become a public holiday. Some people believe that it should be an
__9__
(office) day off, because no one gets
__10__ (many) payments for working an extra day in a leap year. For the moment though, the British still have to go to work on this day.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______
5．______ 6.______ 7.______ 8.______
9．______ 10.______
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了与闰年二月二十九日相关的事宜。
1．解析：考查表语从句。句意：这是因为今年是我们称之的“闰年”。表语从句中call缺少宾语，故用what。
答案：what
2．解析：考查代词。本处代指the year，作介词in的宾语，故用人称代词的宾格形式it。
答案：it
3．解析：考查副词。修饰动词应用副词legally。
答案：legally
4．解析：考查非谓语动词。在英国有个有名的传统和二月二十九日有关。be associated with...“与……有联系，与……有关”。本处应用过去分词短语作后置定语。
答案：associated
5．解析：考查序数词。in the fifth century“在五世纪”；定冠词the后加序数词。
答案：fifth
6．解析：考查名词。不定冠词a后加名词。
答案：complaint
7．解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。这项所谓的传统在13世纪被写入法律。tradition与write为动宾关系，且tradition为单数，此处描述的是过去的情况，故填was written。
答案：was written
8．解析：考查介词。(大家)呼吁2月29日为公众假日。call在此为名词，call for...表示“对于……的呼吁”。
答案：for
9．解析：考查形容词。“官方的节假日”，应用形容词作定语修饰名词。
答案：official
10．解析：考查比较级。因为没有人会因为多干这一天获得更多的报酬。根据语境可知，本处应用比较级。
答案：more
D
Do you ever stop and think about this big, beautiful world we live in? It's home
__1__
so many people and animals. We all live in this amazing place, so we all have the
__2__ (responsible) to take care of it, too.
A long time ago, I started thinking about what I could do to help take care of the planet. I wondered
__3__
I could use my talents for good. I love creating websites and making art and designing clothes. That's what
__4__
(inspire) me, at age 8, to start an online company. I donate part of my profits to organizations
__5__
(try)
their best to save
our environment. After I launched my business, I started getting
__6__ (invite) to give presentations to young people about my company and the environment. I also talk about something else that
__7__
(be) meaningful.
One thing I've learned is that a lot of people feel like
__8__ small contribution to any cause is just a drop in the bucket and won't make a difference. But that's not true!
__9__
(actual) when it comes to saving our environment,
every small action counts. The
__10__
(tiny) thing is better than the greatest intention.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______
5．______ 6.______ 7.______ 8.______
9．______ 10.______
【语篇解读】 保护环境，从我做起；拯救地球，从小做起。作者8岁时创立网络公司，把一部分利润捐给热衷环保的组织。最小的行动胜过最大的打算。你行动起来了吗？
1．解析：考查介词。be home to意为“……的栖息地”，为固定搭配。
答案：to
2．解析：考查词性转换。我们都住在这个令人惊叹的地方，因此人人也都有责任照顾它。根据空前的“have the”可知此处应填一个名词，responsibility意为“责任，职责”。
答案：responsibility
3．解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的从句作wondered的宾语，且根据句意可知，此处表示方式，故用how引导该从句，表示“我想知道我如何能把我的才能发挥好”。
答案：how
4．解析：考查时态。空处的前一句和后一句都用的是一般现在时，但是根据空后的时间状语“at age 8”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
答案：inspired
5．解析：考查非谓语动词。我把收益的一部分捐给尽最大努力挽救我们的环境的组织。分析句子结构可知，organizations与try之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处应用现在分词形式作后置定语。
答案：trying
6．解析：考查非谓语动词。创业后，我开始受邀给年轻人作关于我的公司和环境的讲座。此处是get done“被……”结构，故填过去分词。
答案：invited
7．解析：考查主谓一致和时态。that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，that指代的是something else，表示单数含义，故从句谓语动词用单数形式。此外，这里表示客观的情况，故应用一般现在时。综上可知本空填is。
