【金版教程】2024高考英语二轮复习训练：3-1-4 动词时态和语态a（含解析）
建议用时：20分钟
Part .单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．[2024·天津河西区一模]A Midsummer Night's Dream ________ (open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.
答案：opens 根据语境可知此处表示一种状态，且“and then tours”可知应用一般现在时态。
2．[2024·陕西西安八校联考]－Your spoken English is so good. Have you been abroad?
－Yes. I ________ (stay) in America for three years.
答案：stayed 根据对话语境可知，后者现在已出国归来，也就是说“stay”这一动作与现在无关，故用一般过去时态。
3．[2024·北京丰台区一模]The book I wrote last year ________ (print) and it will soon come out.
答案：is being printed 根据“It will soon come out”可知当前正在印刷中，“the book”与“print”之间为被动关系，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。
4．[2024·陕西83中二模]－That's the third time he ________ (win) the award in this field.
－Yes. He________ (explore) his maximum potential in the past decade.
答案：has won; has been exploring 第一空考查“This/That/It is＋the＋序数词＋从句”结构，从句中用现在完成时态；第二空根据“in the past decade”可知用现在完成时，结合语境，“他一直在挖掘自己的潜力”，故填现在完成进行时。
5．[2024·北京海淀区一模]－It is said that John's paper got an A.
－He deserves it. He ________ (prepare) a lot before he handed it in.
答案：had prepared 根据before引导的状语从句，可知“prepare”发生在“handed”动作之前，故用过去完成时。
6．[2024·北京朝阳区一模]Sally was excited to meet Su San at the party last night. They ________ (not see) each other since they ________ (graduate) from Oxford University in 2010.
答案：haven't seen; graduated 本题考查“since”引导的状语从句。从句中的时态用一般过去时，主句使用现在完成时。
7．[2024·北京西城区一模]I ________ (not exercise) for six months. I'm really out of shape.
答案：haven't exercised 根据“I'm really out of shape”说明主语缺乏锻炼造成的，故用现在完成时，表示对现在造成的影响。
8．[2024·北京石景山区一模]I went to see Dr. Smith yesterday, only to be told that he ________ (ask) for leave.
答案：had asked 根据“went”可知该语境为发生在过去的语境，因此“ask for leave”发生在“went”这一动作前，故用过去完成时。
9．[2024·安徽合肥质检二]－Have you got the sleeping bag needed for the camping this weekend?
－Yes, I ________ (buy) it almost the moment I heard the news.
答案：bought 根据“the moment”及后面的信息可知“buy”与“heard”发生在同一时间环境，故填一般过去时态。
10．[2024·浙江六校联考]－Didn't you talk any with Rice?
－No, the plane ________ (take) off when I rushed to the airport to see her off.
答案：had taken 根据后者的回答，可知没有与Rice谈话，也就是说后者到机场时，Rice乘坐的飞机已经起飞了，故填过去完成时。
11．[2024·四川雅安月考]Don't call me tomorrow evening, for I ________ (listen) to a lecture on how to keep a good state of mind when taking an exam.
答案：will be listening 根据“tomorrow evening”可知使用将来时态，根据“then”可知，那时正在做某事，因此填将来进行时。
12．[2024·湖南郴州质检二]Tom is a great talker. It's high time he ________ (do) something instead of just talking.
答案：did 考查固定句式“It's high time＋从句”，从句中使用一般过去时态。
13．[2024·北京西城区期末]This ferryboat ________ (use) to transport passengers between the harbor and the island for years.
答案：has been used 根据for years及语义理解可知使用现在完成时态，另外“this ferryboat”与“use”之间为被动关系，故填has been used。
14．[2024·陕西西工大附中二模]Little ________ we know that the region was abundant in natural resources about four decades ago.
答案：did 根据“four decades ago”可知该句使用一般过去时态，另外否定词位于句首，句子要部分倒装，故提前助动词did。
15．[2024·福建三校联考]He ________ (work) around the clock since June, when the first Ebola case appeared in
this agricultural country.
答案：has been working 根据时间状语since June可确定使用现在完成时，另由“around the clock”可知主语从未停止过工作，故填现在完成进行时。
Part .语篇语法填空(重点考查时态和语态)
[2024·福建黄冈月考]When he was a little boy, Christopher Cookerell once watched his mother turn the wheel of her sewingmachine with her hand.
“Wouldn't it work quickly if a machine ___1___ (turn) the wheel for you？” he asked. “I suppose it would，” said his mother, ___2___ paying him any attention.
Christopher knew she always ___3___ (have) a lot of work, and he wanted to help her. Up in his bedroom there was a toy steamengine which his father ___4___ (buy) him as a gift. “I will make better use of it，” little Christopher said to himself. So, when his mother ___5___ (not use) her sewingmachine, he fixed the toy steamengine onto it. When the job ___6___ (finish), he was quite pleased, thinking his mother ___7___ (like) it.
“Very clever，” his mother said when she saw it. Then she sat down and went on ___8___ (turn) the wheel by hand. “I ___9___ (work) like this for too many years，” she explained.
This taught Christopher Cookerell the lesson that anyone who tries to improve anything ___10___ (have) to learn：many people don't like new ideas.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
本文通过Christopher Cookerell帮助他母亲改善缝纫机一事，给他上了人生的一堂课：很多人不喜欢新的想法。
1．turned 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，条件状语从句中缺谓语动词，从主句中的“wouldn't”判断应该用相应的虚拟语气。
2．without 考查语义理解。句意：母亲没太在意他，说：“我认为是这样的。”
3．had 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，宾语从句中缺谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词的时态可知，用一般过去时。
4．had bought 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，定语从句中缺谓语动词，根据语境可知，buy所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，所以用过去完成时。
5．wasn't using 考查谓语动词用法。表示在母亲不使用缝纫机时，他把玩具蒸汽机固定在缝纫机上，故用过去进行时态。
6．was finished 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，时间状语从句中缺谓语动词，由于主语“the job”和动词finish之间为被动关系，且叙述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
7．would like 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，宾语从句中缺谓语动词，表示“将会喜欢”，根据句子谓语动词的时态可知应用过去将来时。
8．turning 考查固定搭配。“go on doing sth.”表示继续做某事。
9．have been working 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，此处缺谓语动词，根据句意“我这么多年来一直都是这样做的(指用手转动轮子)”表示从过去某时开始到现在一直发生的动作或状态，用现在完成进行时。
10．has 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知that引导的同位语从句中缺谓语动词，主语是anyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，由who tries to...及many people don't like...可知，此处应该用一般现在时。
建议用时：20分钟
Part .单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．[2024·天津河西区一模]A Midsummer Night's Dream ________ (open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.
答案：opens 根据语境可知此处表示一种状态，且“and then tours”可知应用一般现在时态。
2．[2024·陕西西安八校联考]－Your spoken English is so good. Have you been abroad?
－Yes. I ________ (stay) in America for three years.
答案：stayed 根据对话语境可知，后者现在已出国归来，也就是说“stay”这一动作与现在无关，故用一般过去时态。
3．[2024·北京丰台区一模]The book I wrote last year ________ (print) and it will soon come out.
答案：is being printed 根据“It will soon come out”可知当前正在印刷中，“the book”与“print”之间为被动关系，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。
4．[2024·陕西83中二模]－That's the third time he ________ (win) the award in this field.
－Yes. He________ (explore) his maximum potential in the past decade.
答案：has won; has been exploring 第一空考查“This/That/It is＋the＋序数词＋从句”结构，从句中用现在完成时态；第二空根据“in the past decade”可知用现在完成时，结合语境，“他一直在挖掘自己的潜力”，故填现在完成进行时。
5．[2024·北京海淀区一模]－It is said that John's paper got an A.
－He deserves it. He ________ (prepare) a lot before he handed it in.
答案：had prepared 根据before引导的状语从句，可知“prepare”发生在“handed”动作之前，故用过去完成时。
6．[2024·北京朝阳区一模]Sally was excited to meet Su San at the party last night. They ________ (not see) each other since they ________ (graduate) from Oxford University in 2010.
答案：haven't seen; graduated 本题考查“since”引导的状语从句。从句中的时态用一般过去时，主句使用现在完成时。
7．[2024·北京西城区一模]I ________ (not exercise) for six months. I'm really out of shape.
答案：haven't exercised 根据“I'm really out of shape”说明主语缺乏锻炼造成的，故用现在完成时，表示对现在造成的影响。
8．[2024·北京石景山区一模]I went to see Dr. Smith yesterday, only to be told that he ________ (ask) for leave.
答案：had asked 根据“went”可知该语境为发生在过去的语境，因此“ask for leave”发生在“went”这一动作前，故用过去完成时。
9．[2024·安徽合肥质检二]－Have you got the sleeping bag needed for the camping this weekend?
－Yes, I ________ (buy) it almost the moment I heard the news.
答案：bought 根据“the moment”及后面的信息可知“buy”与“heard”发生在同一时间环境，故填一般过去时态。
10．[2024·浙江六校联考]－Didn't you talk any with Rice?
－No, the plane ________ (take) off when I rushed to the airport to see her off.
答案：had taken 根据后者的回答，可知没有与Rice谈话，也就是说后者到机场时，Rice乘坐的飞机已经起飞了，故填过去完成时。
11．[2024·四川雅安月考]Don't call me tomorrow evening, for I ________ (listen) to a lecture on how to keep a good state of mind when taking an exam.
答案：will be listening 根据“tomorrow evening”可知使用将来时态，根据“then”可知，那时正在做某事，因此填将来进行时。
12．[2024·湖南郴州质检二]Tom is a great talker. It's high time he ________ (do) something instead of just talking.
答案：did 考查固定句式“It's high time＋从句”，从句中使用一般过去时态。
13．[2024·北京西城区期末]This ferryboat ________ (use) to transport passengers between the harbor and the island for years.
答案：has been used 根据for years及语义理解可知使用现在完成时态，另外“this ferryboat”与“use”之间为被动关系，故填has been used。
14．[2024·陕西西工大附中二模]Little ________ we know that the region was abundant in natural resources about four decades ago.
答案：did 根据“four decades ago”可知该句使用一般过去时态，另外否定词位于句首，句子要部分倒装，故提前助动词did。
15．[2024·福建三校联考]He ________ (work) around the clock since June, when the first Ebola case appeared in
this agricultural country.
答案：has been working 根据时间状语since June可确定使用现在完成时，另由“around the clock”可知主语从未停止过工作，故填现在完成进行时。
Part .语篇语法填空(重点考查时态和语态)
[2024·福建黄冈月考]When he was a little boy, Christopher Cookerell once watched his mother turn the wheel of her sewingmachine with her hand.
“Wouldn't it work quickly if a machine ___1___ (turn) the wheel for you？” he asked. “I suppose it would，” said his mother, ___2___ paying him any attention.
Christopher knew she always ___3___ (have) a lot of work, and he wanted to help her. Up in his bedroom there was a toy steamengine which his father ___4___ (buy) him as a gift. “I will make better use of it，” little Christopher said to himself. So, when his mother ___5___ (not use) her sewingmachine, he fixed the toy steamengine onto it. When the job ___6___ (finish), he was quite pleased, thinking his mother ___7___ (like) it.
“Very clever，” his mother said when she saw it. Then she sat down and went on ___8___ (turn) the wheel by hand. “I ___9___ (work) like this for too many years，” she explained.
This taught Christopher Cookerell the lesson that anyone who tries to improve anything ___10___ (have) to learn：many people don't like new ideas.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
本文通过Christopher Cookerell帮助他母亲改善缝纫机一事，给他上了人生的一堂课：很多人不喜欢新的想法。
1．turned 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，条件状语从句中缺谓语动词，从主句中的“wouldn't”判断应该用相应的虚拟语气。
2．without 考查语义理解。句意：母亲没太在意他，说：“我认为是这样的。”
3．had 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，宾语从句中缺谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词的时态可知，用一般过去时。
4．had bought 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，定语从句中缺谓语动词，根据语境可知，buy所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，所以用过去完成时。
5．wasn't using 考查谓语动词用法。表示在母亲不使用缝纫机时，他把玩具蒸汽机固定在缝纫机上，故用过去进行时态。
6．was finished 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，时间状语从句中缺谓语动词，由于主语“the job”和动词finish之间为被动关系，且叙述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
7．would like 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，宾语从句中缺谓语动词，表示“将会喜欢”，根据句子谓语动词的时态可知应用过去将来时。
8．turning 考查固定搭配。“go on doing sth.”表示继续做某事。
9．have been working 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，此处缺谓语动词，根据句意“我这么多年来一直都是这样做的(指用手转动轮子)”表示从过去某时开始到现在一直发生的动作或状态，用现在完成进行时。
10．has 考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知that引导的同位语从句中缺谓语动词，主语是anyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，由who tries to...及many people don't like...可知，此处应该用一般现在时。
