2024届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：24（含解析）
2024高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（24）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
(2024·成都外国语学校模拟) “Developed and developing nations can learn from each other seeking a lowcarbon economy，” a Chinese government official said in Shanghai yesterday.
“China doesn't lag developed nations in terms of energy saving and green economy，”
said Zhou Changyi, director of the energy saving department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
“While we can learn many aspects from developed nations, they also should learn something from us, such as water conservation，” Zhou said in a speech during the new Path of China's Industrialization forum at the ongoing China International Industry Fair 2009.
He said industrialized nations and China are dealing with different issues to combat climate change. The United Kingdom, for example, is concerned about transport, buildings and new energy in reducing carbon emissions.For China, the most urgent task is how to realize new type of industrialization and avoid mistakes that other countries made when they industrialized.
As such, overseas exhibitors at this year's fair are showing ways to help China achieve lowcarbon emissions in the industrial section.
Swiss power and automation technology group ABB called for a stronger focus on product life cycle assessment, or LCA, which is used to study the environmental impact of a product from the research and manufacturing stage through its usage and recycling.
Tobias Becker, head of ABB's process automation division for North Asia and China, said LCA is an effective tool in helping manufacturing industries to reduce carbon emissions.
LCA shows that industrial customers should focus on a product's environmental impact throughout its life cycle instead of on its initial investment or ready to use stage.For example, a motor's initial investment accounts for only 3 percent of its life cycle cost, while 94 percent goes to fuel consumption and the rest to maintenance.
Richard Hausmann, North East Asia CEO of Siemens, said：“The color of future industrialization is green.”
The Germany Company recently announces that it wants to receive orders worth more than 6 billion Euros (D|S 8.8 billion) for intelligent net power networks, Smart Grid, over the next five years.Siemens has set a 20 percent market share target for the global smart grid business.
A smart grid delivers electricity from suppliers to consumers using digital technology, advanced sensors specialized computers that save energy, reduce costs and increase reliability.The United States and China are considered the two biggest markets for smart grid.
1.The underlined word “lag”
in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”.
A.fall behind B.be superior to
C.attack
D.fear
2.Which of the following about LCA is TRUE?
A.LCA is used to study the impact on a product.
B.LCA can help manufacturing industries decrease carbon release a lot.
C.LCA shows industrial customers should focus on a product's environmental influence on its initial investment.
D.LCA was one of the exhibitions at this year's fair.
3.We can infer from the last paragraph of this passage that ________.
A.Siemens has occupied 20 percent market share for the global smart grid business
B.Siemens received orders worth 6 billion Euros recently
C.Siemens will earn
D|S8.8 billion from intelligent power networks
D.Siemens' plan about Smart Grid may come true in the future
4.The best title for the passage is ________.
A.Developed and Developing Nations Can Learn from
Each Other
B.LowCarbon Economy — a Shared Goal
C.Intelligent Power Networks
D.Two Biggest Markets for Smart Grid
1．解析：选A 词义猜测题根据第二段“China doesn't lag developed nations in terms of energy saving and green economy”可知 就节能和绿色经济方面 中国并不落后于发达国家 所以选择A项解析：选B 细节理解题根据第七段内容可知LCA可以帮助生产企业减少碳的排放所以B项正确解析：选D 推理判断题由最后一段可知“智能电网”不仅可以节能降低成本而且还能提高可靠性美国和中国将成为智能电网最大的市场综上所述可知西门子推出的智能电网计划得以实现的可能性很大故D项正确解析：选B 标题归纳题文章第一段表明发展中国家和发达国家在寻求低碳经济发展上可以互相借鉴这是他们共同的目标由此可知B项符合阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Anyone who is afraid of failure and afraid to face challenges will never taste success, so said our professor in marketing. I laughed it off at that time, but got frightened when it actually happened in my life.
I landed in a small city in the Middle East to set up a firm, a world-class car rental firm. Having decided on the project, I earnestly settled in preparation. With a positive mind, I told myself nothing should stop me now, and was more than keen to make it a success.
However, the least expected thing happened. Iraq invaded Kuwait. Tension ran high in the region. Eventually the war broke out, and many people fled the country, leaving my firm in deep trouble.
As usual, “things become difficult, and every effort seems to bring disappointment, it can be tempting to lower your expectations or even water down your goals and ambitions.”I was no exception. I thought of running away. I remembered the words of Thomas Edison, “Many of life’s failures are people who did not realize how close they were to succeed when they gave up.”
I decided to hang on, telling myself, “I am not afraid of challenges and obstacles.” I stayed on through months of uncertainty and insecurity. Finances ran low, and banks could not wait to get their dues. To add to all this, the banks even threatened to take all my vehicles. I felt I made a wrong decision to move there. I was now ready to face failure.
I was living against all hopes, believing that something good would happen. After 2 months the war ended. My persistence paid off: people started flooding back and the car bookings picked up, five times over.
Success comes to the one who dares, even after failure, to think positively and look forward confidently. After all, it is only the experience that makes a man tough. Failure does not mean you will never make it. It means that it will take a little longer. It provides us with a learning experience.
1. The main method the author uses to support his understanding of his professor’s viewpoint is _______.
A. offering analyses
B. providing explanations
C. making comparisons
D. giving examples
2. How did the author feel when the war between Iraq and Kuwait broke out?
A. Unconfident
B. Indifferent
C. Nervous
D. Calm
3. What does the underlined phrase “water down” in the 4th paragraph probably mean?
A. get rid of
B. smooth away
C. make less forceful
D. improve on
4. The author’s purpose of writing the passage is most likely to ________.
A. inform
B. persuade
C. describe
D. entertain
【参考答案】
1. D. 推理判断题。本文一开始介绍了作者的教授提出的一个观点，但是当时作者不以为然，但是在今后自己的实际上生活中真正遇到了失败或挑战时，自己才认识到了教授的观点。下文主要通过自己的亲身经历阐述了自己的观点，即通过举例来说明。故正确答案为D想。
. A. 推理判断题。根据第四段中提到的“I was no exception. I thought of running away.”以及第五段中提到的“I felt I made a wrong decision to move there.”可知，在伊拉克和科威特发生战争期间，因为作者的生意遭到重创，所以他曾一度很是没有了自信。所以该题答案应为A项。
3. C. 词义猜测题。该下划线短语所在的句子含义是：当事情变得困难，所付出的努力带来的是失望时，那么降低自己的期望值或者削弱自己当初的目标或抱负变成诱人的做法。所以，该下划线短语的意思是“削弱”，与C项含义接近。
. B. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是文章最后一段可知，作者写这篇文章的意图是在劝说人们面对挑战或失败时要大胆去应对，要有积极的心态。所以答案应为B项。
第二节：A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
October 21 was a very dark day in Texas.Not only did Hurricane Hanna destroy homes, but also it caused the largest business damage in Texas's history.The worst thing is that Hanna's destructive force nearly wiped out most power poles and power lines.According to Center Point Energy,
Hurricane Hanna affected 2.15 million customers.Currently, more than 4,000 of them are still in the dark.Crews have worked 16hour shifts to restore power to residents.
Most of Houston seems to be returning to normal.Schools, restaurants, retail stores and gas stations are open.Smiles are back.But harderhit places, including Galveston, will take much longer to recover.Hundreds of people are still missing, and coastal towns are a mess.Some ruins from storm have drifted south to other beaches in Texas.Several public schools in Galveston are closed due to water damage.Parents are registering kids in other area schools which are scheduled to begin class on November 13.Many school supplies were destroyed.
Clara Barton Village is an emergency shelter located at Alamo Elementary School in Galveston, Texas.This is where Paula Reed and her family are staying.Believe it or not, Paula Reed and her family consider this hurricane a blessing.When Paula was a girl, she was an orphan, but was taken in by her stepmother, Antonia Flores.Reed lost contact with Flores and had been trying desperately to locate her for the past few years.Before the hurricane, Reed and her family moved away from Galveston to a San Antonio shelter.There, she reunited with Flores after 30 long years！The moment they saw each other, their lives were changed.
1.What's the most serious damage caused by Hurricane Hanna?
A.Hundreds of people are still missing.
B.A large number of people are homeless.
C.Power facilities are severely destroyed.
D.Factories are closed and many people jobless.
2. It can be inferred that the residents in Houston ________.
A.have fully recovered from the disaster
B.were the most unlucky people in the disaster
C.need a long time to bring their life back to normal
D.suffered less from Hanna than people in Galveston
3.Kids in public schools in other areas of Houston will have to stay at home for ________.
A.at least one month
B.at least three weeks
C.two weeks at most
D.nearly half a month
4.Paula Reed and her family consider the hurricane a blessing because ________.
A.they had nothing lost after Hurricane Hanna
B.they lived a happier life in San Antonio shelter
C.Paula was taken good care of in the shelter
D.Paula reunited with her stepmother after three decades
1．解析：选C 细节理解题由第一段的第三句“The worst thing is
that Hanna's destructive force nearly wiped out most power poles and power lines.”可知飓风“汉纳”造成的最大破坏是电力设施被严重摧毁故选C2．解析：选D 推理判断题通读第二段可知休斯敦大多方面恢复了正常而加尔维斯顿受灾较重好多方面还没有恢复正常由此对比可知休斯敦的居民比加尔维斯顿的受灾情况轻故选D3．解析：选B 数字计算题由第一段飓风发生的时间“October 21”和第二段的“Parents are registering kids in other area schools which are scheduled to begin class on November 13.”计算31－21＋13＝23天知休斯顿其他地区的孩子将在家至少待3个星期故选B4．解析：选D 细节理解题由最后一段的“There, she reunited with Flores after 30 long years！”可知Paula和她的家人把这场飓风看作赐福的原因是Paula和她失散三十年之久的继母重新团聚故选D2024·广东卷A改编）
Samuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鸣曲）by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.
Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable .They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn’t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.
Samuel can’t understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me ---I hear the notes and can bear them in mind---each and every note,” says Samuel.
Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it. Samuel says confidently,” It’s all about super memory---I guess I have that gift.”
However, Samuel’s ability to remember things doesn’t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.
Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn’t know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.
1. What is special about Samuel Osmond?
A. He has a gift for writing music.
B. He can write down the note he hears.
C. He is a top student at the law school.
D. He can play the musical piece he hears.
What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.
B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.
C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.
D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.
Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he _________.
received a good early education in music
B. played the guitar and the piano perfectly
could play the piano without reading music
D. could play the guitar better than his father
What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?
He became famous during a special event at his college.
He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.
He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.
He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.
Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
The Qualities of a Musician
B. The Story of a Musical Talent
The Importance of Early Education
D. The Relationship between Memory and Music.
直击高考1：
文章大意：本文主要讲述了一位音乐天才的事情，在不懂乐谱，也从来没有上过钢琴课的情况下就能够演奏很难的乐曲。而且他有超强的记忆力，他就是Samuel Osmond。
1. 【答案与解析】D。细节题。根据第一段第三句However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them.得知他在听完一个乐曲几分钟以后就可以立刻演奏这些很难学的乐曲。说明他的记忆力和音乐才能很突出。故D正确。
2. 【答案与解析】B。推理题。根据第二段最后一句Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.因为他父母亲希望他学习法律，所以他希望自己称为律师，但是他的音乐老师让他学习音乐，所以现在他法律和音乐一起学习。本句可知他原来计划是学习法律的。故B正确。
