全优课堂2024届高考总复习限时规范训练：选修6 unit 4《Global warming》（新人教版含解析）

　　第一部分　选修6　Unit 4

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　Many years ago in one of the New England States lived a fine family which __1__six children.The children all__2__ well, except one.Kate never would do as she was__3__.She was in every __4__， a disobedient(反抗的) child.She gave her parents much __5__.She was what is called a vain(虚荣的) girl, who __6__more to her dress and toilet than to her books.

　　Kate's father was going to New York some time before Christmas.He told the girls if they behaved well while he was __7__， he would bring them each a pretty album.They all promised to do just as their mother should wish.The father went to New York and __8__after a week.The children __9__ him of his promise.He went to his desk and said，“Here they are, but you want me to paint some __10__ in them, well Ellen what do you wish？” Ellen said, “a lily Pa, __11__ you please.” Julia chose a tulip, and Lizzie a rose.Kate was __12__， and her father asked her“Well Kate, what __13__ I paint for you？”She hesitated, but finally said，“I would prefer a portrait of __14__. ”“Very well, Kate，”said her father, but __15__a sneer(冷笑) might have been seen on his __16__lip.A few evenings later, when there was a large party in the parlor(客厅)—the father gave each of the girls their albums.Every one was pleased except Kate, who __17__ tears, and throwing the book on the floor, left the room.The album was __18__ and there was a portrait of Kate just as she had desired, but __19__ it was written, “The flower most desired by Kate.”

　　It was a severe lesson－but let all vain girls __20__.

　　()1.A.included B．composed of

　　C．contained D．made up

　　()2.A.studiedB．behaved

　　C．mixed　

　　D．photographed

　　()3.A.advised　

　　B．allowed

　　C．demanded

　　D．bid

　　()4.A.feeling

　　B．direction

　　C．sense D．idea

　　()5.A.disgrace

　　B．mistrust

　　C．trouble

　　D．anger

　　()6.A.devotedB．attended

　　C．preferredD．connected

　　()7.A.missingB．gone

　　C．tired D．upset

　　()8.A.called

　　B．worked

　　C．returned

　　D．responded

　　()9.A.reminded　

　　B．convinced

　　C．warned　

　　D．informed

　　()10.A.portraits　

　　B．pictures

　　C．photosD．flowers

　　()11.A.if　

　　B．unless

　　C．when

　　D．until

　　()12.A.unhappy B．anxious

　　C．awkward　

　　D．silent

　　()13.A.must　

　　B．will　

　　C．should

　　D．shall

　　()14.A.Julia B．you　

　　C．myself　

　　D．Ellen

　　()15.A.unluckily　

　　B．meanwhile　

　　C．strangelyD．surprisingly

　　()16.A.trembling

　　B．curled

　　C．blueD．annoyed

　　()17.A.turned to B．broke out

　　C．burst intoD．set about

　　()18.A.brought up B．opened

　　C．picked up D．lifted

　　()19.A.under B．in

　　C．above D．beneath

　　()20.A.profit

　　B．remember

　　C．hate D．shook

　　【主旨大意】本文主要讲述了一位父亲教育爱慕虚荣的女儿的故事。

　　1．【答案】A

　　【解析】句意：家里有6个孩子。include意为“包括，包含”；compose of“由……组成”；contain“指全部包含”；made up“组成”。

　　2．　B

　　【解析】由下文可知，除了一个孩子所有的孩子之外其他都表现良好。behave意为“行为，举止”；mix“混合”；photograph“照相，摄影”。

　　3．【答案】D

　　【解析】句意：由下文“a disobedient child”可知，她从不按照要求做事。bid意为“命令，吩咐”；要求某人做某事可使用demand of sb.to do sth.。

　　4．【答案】C

　　【解析】in every sense固定短语，意为在各种意义上，彻头彻尾。

　　5．【答案】C

　　【解析】根据上下文可知，Kate是个爱慕虚荣和不听话的孩子，所以会给父母带来很多麻烦。 A和D语义太重。

　　6．【答案】B

　　【解析】句意：她关注衣服胜过关注书籍。attend意为“参加，注意，照料”；若选A句子应改为who devoted her dress more than to her books；prefer…to意为“更喜欢……”。

　　7．【答案】B

　　【解析】上文提到Kate的父亲打算去纽约，所以选B。missing意为“缺掉的，失踪的”；tired“劳累的，疲劳的”；upset“烦乱的，不高兴的”。

　　8．【答案】C

　　【解析】根据下文给孩子礼物可判断孩子的父亲应该回来了。

　　9．【答案】A

　　【解析】remind…of意为“使……想起”；convince…of“使……相信”；warn…of“警告”； inform…of“通知某人……” 。

　　10．【答案】D

　　【解析】根据下文“Julia chose a tulip, and Lizzie a rose.”可知父亲要给孩子们画花。

　　11．【答案】A

　　【解析】句意：要是您画的话就给我画一朵百合花吧。

　　12．【答案】D

　　【解析】根据下文hesitated一词的提示，可以推断当时Kate没做声。anxious意为“焦急的，忧虑的”；awkward“笨拙的，尴尬的”；silent“安静的，沉默的”。

　　13．【答案】D

　　【解析】shall用于一、三人称表示询问。

　　14．【答案】C

　　【解析】根据下文“there was a portrait of Kate”判断选C。

　　15．【答案】B

　　【解析】unluckily意为“不幸的”；meanwhile“同时”；strangely“奇怪的，奇妙的”；surprisingly“惊人的，意外的”。

　　16．【答案】B

　　【解析】根据常识判断，在冷笑时嘴唇容易卷缩。trembling意为“发抖的，哆嗦的”；curled“卷曲的，蜷缩的”；annoyed“烦闷的”。

　　17．【答案】C

　　【解析】burst into tears意为“突然大哭起来”。turn to“求助于，转向”；break out“爆发”；set about“开始，着手”。

　　18．【答案】C

　　【解析】bring up意为“教育，培养，提出”；pick up“捡起，拾起”；lift“升高，举起。”

　　19．【答案】D

　　【解析】under意为“在……的正下方”；in“在……的里面”；above“在……的上方”；beneath“在……的下方”。

　　20．【答案】A

　　【解析】句意：这个教训很严厉，但对爱慕虚荣的女孩很有益处。profit 意为“获利，赚钱”；remember“记得，记忆”；shake“摇动，摇晃”。

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2024陕西，C)

　　The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately，full­sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shade­grown production to full­sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.

　　On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full­sun fields affects the area's birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species (物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits.Full­sun coffee growers destroy this forest home.As a result, many species are quickly dying out.

　　On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full­sun coffee fields also threatens (威胁) human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition, new coffee­growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.

　　Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full­sun coffee plantations (种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate, and studies show that the loss of oxygen­giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic (酸性的) soil conditions.

　　It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shade­grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.

　　()1.What can we learn about full­sun coffee production from Paragraph 4?

　　A．It limits the spread of new growing techniques.

　　B．It leads to air pollution and global warming.

　　C．It slows down the loss of shade trees.

　　D．It improves local soil conditions.

　　()2.The purpose of the text is to ________.

　　A．entertain B．advertise

　　C．instruct D．persuade

　　()3.Where does this text probably come from?

　　A．An agricultural magazine.

　　B．A medical journal.

　　C．An engineering textbook.

　　D．A tourist guide.

　　()4.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?

　　(P：Paragraph)

　　【主旨大意】 本文介绍了当今咖啡树种植的变化——由传统的遮阴种植变为阳光种植，给当地和全球的自然环境带来了破坏性的影响，作者呼吁人们吃传统方式种植的咖啡，以保护环境。

　　1．【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。第四段倒数第二句“studies show that the loss of oxygen­giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming”表明全阳光的咖啡生产导致树木的供氧，从而导致空气的污染和全球变暖。A 项、C 项、D项均与本段不符，故选 B项。

　　2．【答案】D

　　【解析】推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到了作者的态度“But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shade­grown coffee…The future of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.”作者呼吁消费者购买遮阴生产的咖啡，哪怕多花一点钱。由此可知D项正确，persuade意为“说服”。A项entertain意为“娱乐；招待”，B 项 advertise意为“做广告”，C项instruct意为“指导”。

　　3．【答案】A

　　【解析】推理判断题。本文讲的是咖啡树的种植和咖啡的生产，与农业有关，故选 A项。

　　4．【答案】A

　　【解析】文章结构题。本文的结构：“总——分 ——总”，第一段是总体介绍，第二至第四段是分论点，段落主题词分别是“on a local level”， “on a more global level, both locally and globally，” 第三段是作者的态度和倡议。故选A项。

　　B

　　Pierre is a 25­year­old penguin at the California Academy of Sciences. Due to his old age，he was going bald，which made him feel too cold to swim in the pool. Therefore, biologists at the academy had a wetsuit created for this penguin to help him get back in the swimming pool.

　　Unlike marine(海生的)

　　mammals，which have a layer of blubber(鲸脂) to keep them

　　warm，penguins depend on their waterproof feathers. Without them，Pierre was unwilling to jump into the swimming pool and ended up trembling on the side of the pool while his 19 peers played in the water.

　　“He was cold：he would shake，”said Pam Schaller，a senior biologist. Schaller first tried a heat lamp to keep Pierre warm. Then she got another idea: if wetsuits keep humans warm in the cold Pacific，why not make one for Pierre?

　　Schaller designed the suit，which covered Pierre's body and had small openings for his flippers.

　　“I would walk behind him and look at where there were any gaps, and cut and refit until it looked like it was extremely suitable.”she said.

　　One concern was that the other penguins would reject Pierre in his new suit，but in fact，they accepted his new look. He swam freely and got along with others well，although he was the only penguin with a black stomach.

　　Schaller couldn't say for sure whether the wetsuit allowed Pierre to recover his fine feathers，but “certainly we were able to keep him comfortable during a period of time that would have been very difficult for him to stay comfortable.”

　　Pierre will take off his suit after his new feathers grow back.

　　()5.Pierre felt too cold to swim in the pool because of________.

　　A．not having a layer of blubber

　　B．having few feathers due to old age

　　C．having no wetsuit

　　D．others penguins rejecting him

　　()6. The idea of making a wetsuit for Pierre came from________.

　　A．total invention

　　B．the use of wetsuit on humans

　　C．the use of heat lamp

　　D．waterproof feathers

　　()7. Schaller followed Pierre in order to see________.

　　A．whether other penguins would reject him

　　B．if anywhere of wetsuit needed to be cut and refit

　　C．if the wetsuit kept warm

　　D．whether the wetsuit would keep the feathers from recovering

　　()8. The best title for the passage is“________”.

　　A．Wetsuit for An Old Penguin

　　B．Old Penguin Getting Bald

　　C．Unwilling to Swim

　　D．Strange Look of Pierre

　　【主旨大意】人们印象中，企鹅应该不怕冷。而生活在美国加利福尼亚州旧金山加州科学院水族馆的一只斑嘴环企鹅，由于羽毛脱落而无法忍受冰冷的池水。为此，加州科学院研究人员特地为这只企鹅穿上“防寒服”，让它能够与同伴一样在水中游泳嬉戏。

　　5．【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。文章第一段说明了Pierre怕冷的原因“Due to his old age, he was going bald, which made him feel too cold to swim in the pool.”由于他的年龄，他是秃头，这使他感觉太冷而不能在游泳池里游泳。故选B。

　　6．【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。文章第三段讲述了Pam想出这个办法的过程“Then she got another idea: if wetsuits keep humans warm in the cold Pacific, why not make one for Pierre？”然后她得到另一个想法：雨衣让人类在寒冷的太平洋保持温暖，为什么不为Pierre做一件呢？因此可知选B。

　　7．【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。文章第五段说明了Pam跟踪Pierre的原因“I would walk behind him and look at where there were any gaps, and cut and refit and cut and refit until it looked like it was extremely suitable”我将在他后面走路，看看有没有任何空隙。改装、裁剪、再改装，直到它看起来它别的合适。因此可知选B。

　　8．【答案】A

　　【解析】主旨大意题。全篇讲述的是生物学家给一只老企鹅做保暖夹克，帮它重返泳池的故事。因此A项正确。

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　(2024陕西西安第七十中学11月检测)

　　你校正在进行“英语论坛周”活动，请以“To Be a Popular Student”为题，就以下三方面提出要成为一名受欢迎学生应具备的素质，用英语写一篇100～120词的短文参加该主题的讨论。

　　1．对待集体； 2.对待他人； 3.对待自己。

　　注意：短文的开头已给出(不计词数)。