【高考调研】2024届高三英语一轮复习（外研版）课时规范训练15（含解析）

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　　课时规范训练(单独成册)

　　训练(十五)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节)

　　第一节　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Wind，water，fire and ice—these powerful natural forces have shaped the land of America in the past.They are still changing it today.

　　The Colorado River slowly cut down through stone to make the Grand Canyon (大峡谷)．

　　Long ago，ice sheets cut Yosemite Valley and the Great Lakes，and glaciers (冰川) are still on the move in Alaska.

　　Wind and rain storm hit the land from time to time.Fires sometimes burn down forests and destroy the homes of wild animals：This happened in Yellowstone Park in 1988.

　　Dead volcanic (火山的) mountains such as Haleakala on Maui and Carter Lakein Oregon are beautiful to look at.But there are several active volcanoes in the US，especially along the Pacific Coast.There are also many earthquakes in this area.Scientists can do nothing to control earthquakes or volcanoes.This was shown clearly on May 18,1980.At 8：32 that morning，Mount St Helens in Washington state broke out.The top of the mountain was blown off.

　　Over 60 people—campers，scientists，journalists，forest workers—were killed.Hundreds of square miles of forests were knocked down.In towns over 100 miles away，day suddenly became night.An ash cloud hid the sun for many hours.Towns and fields in Washington，Oregon，and Idaho were covered with dirty gray ash.

　　Scientists knew that Mt St Helens might erupt (爆发) soon.But no one could say when.And no one expected the terrible strength of the eruption.Many people were surprised and unready.Harry R．Truman,84，owned a small hotel in Mt St Helens.Scientists had asked people to move away because the volcano was becoming dangerous.

　　But Harry Truman would not leave his home.Now it is covered with many feet of dirty ash.A small cross stands above the place where Harry probably died.Perhaps it is better that he did not see the destruction of Mt St Helens，the once beautiful lake，and the forests.

　　But slowly，life is returning to the dead area around the mountain.Grass and small plants are beginning to grow again.Deer and birds have been seen.The land will never be the same as it once was.Perhaps Mt St Helens will erupt again.But this is all part of nature’s pattern of change，and man has little power to control it.

　　1．Which would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Wind，Water，Fire and Ice

　　B．Volcano’s Beauty and Danger

　　C． The Power of Nature

　　D．Natural Force Shapes Beautiful Land for America

　　解析：选C。主旨大意题。作者在此想通过the Grand Canyon的形成过程告诉我们“自然的力量”。

　　2．After the eruption of volcano，what makes the sky turn dark?

　　A．The smoke.B．The clouds.

　　C．The fog. D．The ash.

　　解析：选D。细节理解题。从第六段倒数第二句“An ash cloud hid the sun for many hours.”可知，火山爆发之后，“灰尘”使得天空变暗。

　　3．The underlined word“it”means

　　A．the body of old Harry

　　B．the location of Harry’s home

　　C．the opening on top of Mt St Helens

　　D．the place where Harry probably died

　　解析：选B。词义猜测题。倒数第二段“But Harry Truman would not leave his home.”接下来说“Now it is covered with many feet of dirty ash.”，因此it在这里指Harry’s home。

　　4．We can infer from this article that

　　A．Washington and Oregon are neighboring states

　　学习网B．Colorado River runs through Yosemite Valley

　　C．the eruption of Mt St Helens also caused trouble with the Yellowstone Park

　　D．scientists never knew Mt St Helens was active

　　解析：选A。推理判断题。当华盛顿州的圣劳伦斯火山爆发时，“Towns and fields in Washington，Oregon，and Idaho were covered with dirty gray ash.”由此我们可推断Washington，Oregon以及Idaho是三个相邻的州。

　　第二节　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　1．

　　However，all floods are not alike.Some floods develop slowly，sometimes over a period of days.But flash floods can develop quickly，sometimes in just a few minutes and without any signs of rain.Flash floods often have a dangerous wall of roaring water.It carries rocks and mud and can sweep away most things in its path.Overland flooding occurs outside a river but still can be harmful.Flooding can also occur when a dam breaks，producing effects similar to flash floods.

　　If a flood is likely to occur in your area，you should：

　　Listen to the radio for information.2.

　　Don’t wait for instructions to move.

　　If you have time to prepare，you should：

　　Make your home safe by bringing in outdoor furniture.More essential items to an upper floor.3.

　　Do not touch any electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.

　　4．

　　Don’t walk through moving water.Six inches of moving water can make you fall.If you have to walk in water，walk where the water is not moving.Use a stick to check the firmness of the ground in front of you.

　　Don’t drive into flooded areas.If flood water rises around your car，give up the car and move higher ground if you can do so safely.5.

　　The following are guidelines for the period following a flood：

　　Listen to news reports to learn whether the community’s water supply is safe to drink.Stay away from downed power lines，and report them to the power company.

　　A．Turn off all pieces of electrical equipment.

　　B．Otherwise you and the car can be quickly swept away.

　　C．The following are tips about escaping from floods.

　　D．Floods are one of the most common disasters in the United States.

　　E．If you have to leave your home right away，remember the following tips.

　　F．If there is any possibility of a flash flood，move immediately to higher ground.

　　G．There are many natural disasters like floods，storms，hurricanes in the US every year.

　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，属于资讯报道类短文阅读。文章介绍了洪水灾害。详细说明了洪灾来临时应该注意的几项：关注资讯信息；把外面的家具搬进家；关掉电源开关；不要在水面行走；不要在水区开车。

　　1．解析：选D。根据后面转折句“However，all floods are not alike.Some floods develop slowly，sometimes over a period of days.”可知此空是说“洪水是美国最常见的灾害之一”。故选D。

　　2．解析：选F。根据“Listen to the radio for information.2.

　　Don’t wait for instructions to move.”可知，仔细听广播信息，如果有洪水袭来，立刻向高处转移，不要等听到提示再转移。故选F。

　　3．解析：选A。根据后面的句子“Do not touch any electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.”可知是关掉所有的电器。故选A。

　　4．解析：选E。根据下段“Don’t walk through moving water.Six inches of moving water can make you fall.”可知，本段介绍的是在外面应该注意的事项。故选E。

　　5．解析：选B。根据本段“Don’t drive into flooded areas.If flood water rises around your car，give up the car and move higher ground if you can do so safely.5.

　　”可知，不要在洪水区域开车，如果洪水升到了车附近，就弃车到更高的地方。不然的话，车与人会迅速被冲走。故选B。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

　　Once when there was a famine (饥荒)，a rich baker sent for twenty of the poorest children in the town，and said to them，“In this basket there is a loaf for each of you.

　　it，and come back to me every

　　at this hour till better times come.”

　　The hungry children

　　eagerly around the basket，and quarreled for the bread，

　　each wished to have the largest loaf.At last they went away without even

　　the good gentleman.But Gretchen，a poorlydressed little，did not

　　or struggle with the rest，but remained

　　modestly in the distance.When the illbehaved children had left，she took the

　　loaf，which alone was left in the basket，

　　the gentleman’s hand，and went home.

　　The next day the children were as

　　as before，and poor，shy Gretchen received a loaf only nearly half the

　　of the one she got the first day.When she came home，her mother cut the

　　open，many new，shining pieces of silver fell out of it.Her mother was very much

　　，and said，“Take the money back to the good

　　at once，for it must have got into the loaf

　　.Be quick，Gretchen! Be quick！”

　　But when the little girl gave the rich man her mother’s

　　，he said，“No，no，my child，it was no

　　.I had the silver pieces put into the smallest loaf to

　　you.Always be as contented，peaceable，and

　　as you now are.Go home now，and the

　　is your own.”

　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，属于故事类短文。在闹饥荒的时候，一个富有的面包师找来镇上最穷的20个孩子，每天给他们一块面包。除了Gretchen外，其他的孩子都抢大一点的面包，而最终Gretchen却得到了面包师慷慨赠送的银币。

　　1．A.Take B．Buy

　　C．Order D．Smell

　　C．basket D．bag

　　：B。由语境可知，Gretchen，(bread)切开。

　　13．A.surprised B．pleased

　　C．terrified D．excited