2024年高考英语精品课堂基础版之自主检测：专题01《great scientist》（新人教版必修5教师版）

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　　时间：50分钟

　　满分：100分

　　学校_______班级_____姓名________考号_________分数________

　　Ⅰ.根据首字母或汉语提示用本单元所学的单词完成下列句子football match.

　　4. She was the _______（受害者）of the road accident.

　　5. The vote was completed. The chairman a ______the result.

　　6. The boy was totally a ______in his picture book.

　　7. It’s very dangerous to be e______ to H7N9 patients without any protection.

　　8. The baby is well ________（照顾，照料）to in the nursery.

　　9. Examine the results carefully, and you will draw a ________（结论）.

　　10. I applied for a job as a teacher in a local school, but I was r_______.

　　11. Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of _______（活动，运动）.

　　12. John is _________（谨慎的）of making predictions about the programme.

　　13. The rural environment has a ________（积极的）effect on the children’s health.

　　14. It was generous of her to ________（捐助）such a large sum of money to the earthquake-stricken area.

　　15. They are e________ about helping others.

　　【答案】

　　expert

　　2.characteristic

　　3.challenged

　　4.victim

　　5.announced

　　absorbed

　　7.exposed

　　8.attended

　　9.conclusion

　　10.rejected

　　11.movement

　　12.cautious

　　13.positive

　　14.contribute

　　15.enthusiastic

　　Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子…nor）

　　4. 我永远不会忘记我第一次遇见他的那一天。（介词+关系代词）

　　5. 每次我看到他的时候，他都面带微笑。（every time）

　　【答案】

　　Only if you have passed the driving test can you be allowed to drive a car.

　　I had my wallet stolen yesterday.

　　Neither he nor I am going to attend the meeting.

　　I’ll never forget the day on which I first met him.

　　Every time I see him, he wears a smile.

　　Ⅲ.完成下面的句子。（每个1分，共5分）

　　You will get sick if you drink the ________(pollute) water.

　　Why do you look so ________(tire)? Do you sleep well these days?

　　We were very ________ when we heard the ________ news.(shock)

　　Alice got ________(blame) when she lost her money.

　　Look! The student ________(seat) at the back of the classroom is ________(bury) in a novel while the teacher is giving a lesson.

　　【答案】

　　1.polluted

　　2. tired

　　3.shocked;shocking

　　4.blamed

　　5.seated;buried

　　Ⅳ.单项填空…收起来”，根据句意可知，正确答案为A.

　　2. –They have discussed the problem for hours.

　　-Have they come to a(n)_____?

　　A. end

　　B. result

　　C. opinion

　　D. conclusion

　　【答案】D考查短语。句意“这个问题他们讨论了好几个小时了。”“他们得出结论了吗？”come to conclusion：得出结论。故该题正确答案为D.

　　3. _____Lucy and Tom, I have two more close friends at school.

　　A. Apart from

　　B. Except

　　C. As well

　　D. Except that

　　【答案】A考查介词（短语）辨析。句意：吃了露西和汤姆，在学校里我还有另外两个密友。该句中的“two more close friends”为该题的直接信息提示，故该题正确答案为A.Apart from“除…之外，（还）”。

　　4. –We noticed Tom didn’t _____the lecture.

　　-No one had told him about _____a lecture the following day.

　　A. attend; there to be

　　B. attend; there being

　　C. attend; there was

　　D. attending; there was

　　【答案】B考查谓语和非谓语。句意：“我们发现汤姆没去听讲座。”“没人告诉他第二天有讲座。”第一空是宾语从句的谓语，跟在didn't后用动词原形；第二空为动名词的作介词about的宾语。故该题正确答案为B.

　　5. Some very common things such as ______to the sun for a long time will do harm to people’s skin and even cause skin cancer.

　　A. exposing

　　B. being exposed

　　C. having exposed

　　D. exposed

　　【答案】B 考查非谓语。句意：一些很常见的事，如长时间在阳光下暴晒，会对人的皮肤有害，甚至造成皮肤癌。be exposed to：暴露在…之下，且该空为介词短语such as的宾语，故动词短语要动名词化，所以该题正确答案为B.

　　6. What all the experts at the meeting said suggested that the road _____badly damaged and a new bridge ______at once.

　　A. should be; be constructed

　　B. were; must be constructed

　　C. were; should be constructed

　　D. was; be constructed

　　【答案】D 考查虚拟语气和陈述语气。句意：与会专家所言说明了道路严重受损，他们建议立即建造一座新的大桥。suggest作“建议”讲时，后接的宾语从句用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，作“暗示；说明”时，后接的宾语从句应用陈述语气，故该题正确答案为D.

　　7. Although this medicine can cure you _____ your illness, it has side effects ____you.

　　A. for; in

　　B. for; on

　　C. of; on

　　D. of ; at

　　【答案】C考查介词短语辨析。cure sb of治愈某人（的疾病）；have …effects on：对…产生影响。故该题正确答案为C.

　　8. Jenny suggested our going on an outing to the countryside the next weekend, but the rest didn’t sound very _____about the idea.

　　A. enthusiastic

　　B. cautious

　　C. anxious

　　D. secure

　　【答案】A考查形容词辨析。句意：詹尼建议下周末去乡村郊游，但是其他人对这个主意听起来并不十分热心。be enthusiastic about：对…热心；be cautious about:对…小心；be anxious about：担心；be secure about：对…自信，对…没有顾虑。根据句意可知，正确答案为A.

　　9. –Jeremy rather than his friends _____for the _____river.

　　-Absolutely. Jeremy’s chemical works shouldn’t have poured waste water into the river.

　　A. are to be blamed; polluting

　　B. are to be blame; polluting

　　C. is to blame; polluted

　　D. is to be blamed; polluted

　　【答案】C考查谓语和非谓语。句意：“是吉利米而不是他的朋友们应该为这条受污染的河承担责任。”“确实如此，他的化工厂不应该把废水排进这条河流里。”A rather than B作主语时，句子谓语的单复应和A保持一致。应对某事负责：be to blame for sth；又因为“一条已经被污染了的河流”需要用过去分词polluted表示被动完成，作定语。故该题正确答案为C.

　　10. –Flight 331 is being _____. I’d better be on my way. Goodbye.

　　-Bye! Safe journey!

　　A. appealed

　　B. announced

　　C. commanded

　　D. delivered

　　【答案】B 考查动词辨析。句意：“正在通告331航班，我得走了。再见！”“再见！一路顺风！”A. appealed

　　“呼吁；吸引”；B. announced“宣告；通告”；C. commanded“命令”；D. delivered“递送；发表，发言；使分娩”，根据句意可知，正确答案为B.

　　V.完形填空

　　阅读下面短文。从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Growing up in my Grandma’s house as a boy was an experience that would shape me for the rest of my life. We were poor in everything but

　　1 .

　　yet I learned so much about life there. My Mom, Dad, Grandma, two

　　2 , and I were all

　　into a home made from two old shabby cars. I always knew what my next

　　would look like because I had seen my older brother

　　them the year before, I always knew what we were going to be

　　in winter, because I had

　　it in the garden during the summer.

　　8 , I never felt poor. No king ever ate as good as we did on Sundays after church when Grandma

　　her homemade meatballs, spaghetti（意大利式细面条and freshly baked bread.

　　we had so little I can still remember Dad, Mom, and Grandma giving so much. We were always

　　with others. Everyone who

　　our family could expect a

　　of spaghetti, or a jar of vegetables, or a flower pot full of fresh flowers. I can still remember my parents’ eyes

　　whenever they passed something on to others. We never felt

　　than when we shared what we were given. I learned early that the greatest joy comes from giving

　　getting. Giving makes your spirit greater.

　　Don’t be afraid to

　　what you have to others. Share everything you have. If you have a beautiful

　　18 , then smile at whoever you come across. If you have a few extra dollars, then give them to the people in need. If you have a

　　talent, then share it with others. If you have a heart full of love, then give it to everyone. No life ever truly lives

　　it becomes a gift, so make your whole life a gift to the world.

　　A. spirit

　　B. education

　　C. wealth

　　D. health

　　A. nephews

　　B. brothers

　　C. sisters

　　D. cousins

　　A. divided

　　B. admitted

　　C. locked

　　D. crowded

　　A. food

　　B. room

　　C. glasses

　　D. clothes

　　A. choosing

　　B. cutting

　　C. wearing

　　D. cleaning

　　A. doing

　　B. eating

　　C. 1earning

　　D. giving

　　A. developed

　　B. planted C. polluted

　　D. poisoned

　　A. Meanwhile

　　B. Therefore

　　C. Besides

　　D. However

　　A. cooked

　　B. earned

　　C. washed

　　D. sold

　　A. Unless

　　B. Since

　　C. When

　　D. Although

　　A. chatting

　　B. communicating

　　C. sharing

　　D. exchanging

　　A. visited

　　B. warned

　　C. supposed

　　D. saved

　　A. basket

　　B. cup

　　C. spoon

　　D. plate

　　A. opened

　　B. shone

　　C. hurt

　　D. glanced

　　A. freer

　　B. calmer

　　C. happier

　　D. poorer

　　A. less than

　　B. fewer than

　　C. other than

　　D. rather than

　　A. take up

　　B. pick up

　　C. pass on

　　D. give in

　　A. face

　　B. smile

　　C. band

　　D. figure

　　A. convenient

　　B. contemporary

　　C. vital

　　D. special

　　A. until

　　B. after

　　C. because

　　D. If

　　【答案】

　　B名词辨析。根据下文“because I had seen my older brother

　　them the year before, ”可知，和“我”住在一起的除了祖母和父母外，还有我的两个哥哥。所以，选择B.brothers.

　　D 动词辨析。A. divided“分开”B. admitted“承认，准许进入”C. locked“锁”D. crowded“拥挤，挤”，文章此部分主要讲“我”的家经济上并不富裕，所以一家人“挤”着住在一个由两辆破车改造而成的家里。故只能填D. crowded.

　　D名词辨析。根据该主句后because引导的原因状语从句“because I had seen my older brother

　　them the year before”可知，“我”从“我”的哥哥前一年穿的衣服就知道，今年“我”要穿什么了。所以该空填名词D.clothes.

　　C 动词ing辨析。“我”知道“我”将要穿什么衣服，通过看哥哥前一年“穿”什么，故答案为C.wearing.

　　B 动词辨析。“我”知道“我们”在冬天“吃”什么，因为“我”在夏天已在菜园里种下了种子。所以，该空选择B.eating.

　　B动词辨析。 A. developed“发展，”B. planted“种植”C. polluted“污染”D. poisoned“下毒，毒害”，冬天能吃上的东西，显然是在夏天的时候已经“种”上了，所以答案定为B.planted.

　　D副词辨析。A. Meanwhile“同时”B. Therefore“所以”C. Besides“此外”D. However“然而”，此空副词的选择，要考虑上下文的逻辑关系，上文主要讲“我”的家境贫寒，但该句的句意为“‘我’并不觉得穷。”所以，填D.However，表示转折。

　　A动词辨析。A. cooked“煮，做饭”B. Earned“赚得，挣得”C. washed“洗”D. sold“卖”，由上文“No king ever ate as good as we did”（皇帝也没我们吃的好），所以该处应是祖母为“我们”“做”的意大利面和现烤的面包。此空正确答案为A.cooked.

　　D连词辨析。A. Unless“除非” B. Since“因为，自从…以来”C. When“当…的时候” D. Although“虽然，尽管”，该句的句意为：“虽然‘我们’有的东西不多，但‘我’记得父母和祖母给了‘我’很多。”所以，选 D. Although来引导让步状语从句。

　　C动词辨析。A. chatting“聊天”B. communicating“交流”C. sharing“分享”D.exchanging“交换”,该段主要讲述“我们”乐于分享，由该段中“We never felt

　　than when we shared what we were given.”（“我们”在分享所被给予的东西时，最为快乐。）可知，该空应填C.sharing.

　　A动词辨析。A. visited“拜访，访问”B. warned“警告，提醒”C. supposed“假设，认为”D. saved“救，节省”,根据文意显然是每个“客人”到“我”家都会得到一盘意大利面或是一罐菜或是一个装满了花的花盆。“客人”即everyone who visited our family(拜访我们的人)，所以选A.visited.

　　D名词辨析。A. basket“篮子”B. cup“杯子”C. spoon“匙，一勺”D. plate“盘子”，根据常识，我们往往用盘子来装意大利面，故选D. plate.