2024届英语高三二轮复习：第三板块高考体验5—阅读理解

　　(2011·安徽)

　　George Prochnik would like the world to_put_a_sock_in_it. He makes his case in a new book, Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise. Here he explains himself (using his indoor voice)：

　　“We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. But it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet. Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”

　　“We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little. During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art—the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono(和服)brushing against the floor.”

　　“Deaf people are very attentive(专注的)in almost every aspect of life. If two deaf people are walking together, using sign language, they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing world can learn from them. If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us—of little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声). It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ”

　　【语篇解读】　文章介绍了George Prochnik的新著Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise和他的观点：在喧嚣的世界中创造一方不太纷扰的环境，这个世界会更美好。

　　1. What does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

　　A. to be quiet

　　B. to be colorful

　　C. to be full of love

　　D. to be attentive to someone

　　解析　 词义理解题。根据第二段作者的观点Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.可知，作者是推崇silence的， 故选A项。

　　答案　A

　　2. What does Prochnik say about us?

　　A. We are used to quietness

　　B. We have to put up with noise

　　C. We do not think silence to be beneficial

　　D. We do not believe lasting peace to be available

　　解析　 推理判断题。根据第二段We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial和it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet及第三段During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art等句可以判断得出，我们生活在一个喧闹的世界，寂静才是我们的追求，故选择C项。

　　答案　C

　　3. Which of the following is true according to Prochnik?

　　A. We need more sounds in our lives.

　　B. There is nothing to be learned from the deaf.

　　C. We are not aware how rich the world around us is.

　　D. There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony.

　　解析　 推理判断题。根据文章末段If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us.... It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen.可知C项正确。A项和作者的观点相反；根据We in the hearing world can learn from them (deaf people)可知B项错误；根据During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art可知作者赞赏the smallest sounds，故D项错误。

　　答案　C

　　4. It can be inferred from the text that________.

　　A. we can benefit a lot from old people

　　B. it is a good idea to use sign language

　　C. there is no escape from the world of sound

　　D. it is possible to find how beautiful things sound

　　解析　 推理判断题。通读全文可知，尽管我们生活在一个喧闹的世界，作者提倡我们创造一个不太纷扰的环境，果真如此，这个世界是很美好的，据此D项正确。

　　答案　D

　　Passage 1

　　So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that“reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”．

　　Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed.

　　Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public_scrutiny.

　　If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ，what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest(探索)for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. ”

　　When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.

　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文，在对传统的阅读教学方式进行批判的同时，论述了作者自己阅读的教学观：阅读的教与学是两个完全不同的过程。教学的任务是为学生能够找出自己最有效的自学阅读的方法创造条件和氛围。学生的阅读能力并不是通过教师教就能掌握的；教师应做的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件，激发学生阅读的渴望，培养出良好的阅读习惯、方法。只有这样，学生才能掌握阅读技能，提高阅读水平。

　　1．The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that________.

　　A. it is one of the most difficult school courses

　　B. students spend endless hours in reading

　　C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance

　　D. too much time is spent in teaching about reading

　　解析　推理判断题。依据文章第一自然段第3行“It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading..”(教学生如何阅读当然不是带着学生花费大量的时间去一点一点地读)。可以看出，作者认为现在教阅读的时间太多了，这当然是因为教而不教法。所以选项D正确。

　　答案　D

　　2．The teaching of reading will be successful if________.

　　A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students

　　B. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading

　　C. teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading

　　D. teachers can make their teaching activities observable

　　解析　细节理解题。依据文章第二自然段第2行开始的句子：“The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselvesto read”(教学的任务是为学生能够找出自己最有效的自学阅读的方法创造条件和氛围)，B项符合上述意思，为正确答案。

　　答案　B

　　3．The underlined word“scrutiny” most probably means“________”．

　　A. inquiry

　　B. observation

　　C. control

　　D. suspicion

　　解析　意义猜测题。该题为猜测词义。inquiry“询问”。observation“观察”。control“控制”。suspicion“怀疑”。该词出现在第三自然段最后一句“process is not open to public scrutiny”，考生可从该句的上文作出推测。最明显的提示出现在第二自然段最后一句“Teaching is also a public activity；it can be seen and observed”所以，scrutiny最可能的词义应该是observation，故B项正确。

　　答案　B

　　4．According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when________.

　　A. children become highly motivated

　　B. teacher and learner roles are interchangeable

　　C. teaching helps children in the search for knowledge

　　D. reading enriches children’s experience

　　解析　细节理解题。依据文章第四自然段、第五自然段所提供的信息，特别是第5段第3行“Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading”(当教师们创造了一种环境，使孩子们有机会自己通过阅读解决所遇到的问题时，学习阅读就变得容易多了)，可以看出A项与之最为相近。

　　答案　A

　　5．The main idea of the passage is that ________.

　　A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read

　　B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible

　　C. reading ability is something acquired rather than taught

　　D. reading is more complicated that generally believed

　　解析　主旨大意题。依据文章第一自然段第4行“reading cannot be taught directly and...”说明学生的阅读能力并不是通过教师教就能掌握的。教师应做的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件，激发学生阅读的渴望，培养出良好的阅读习惯、方法。只有这样，学生才能掌握阅读技能，提高阅读水平。所以选项C正确。其他选项与文章讨论的范围不符。

　　答案　C

　　Passage 2

　　(2011·深圳第一次月考)Kids will often ignore your requests for them to shut off the TV，start their chores(杂事)，or do their homework as a way to avoid following your directions.Before you know it，you’ve started to sound like a broken record as you repeatedly ask them to do their assignments，clean their room，or take out the trash.Rather than saying “Do your chores now.” you’ll be more effective if you set a target time for when the chores have to be completed.So instead of arguing about starting chores，just say，“If chores aren’t done by 4 pm，here are the consequences.”Then it’s up to your child to complete the chores.Put the ball back in their court.Don’t argue or fight with them，just say，“That’s the way it’s going to be.”It shouldn’t be punitive(惩罚性的)as much as it should be persuasive.“If your chores aren’t done by 4 pm，then no video game time until chores are done.And if finishing those chores runs into homework time，that’s going to be your loss.”On the other hand，when dealing with homework，keep it very simple.Have a time when homework starts，and at that time，all electronics go off and do not go back on until you see that their homework is done.If your kids say they have no homework，then they should use that time to study or read.Either way，there should be a time set aside when the electronics are off.

　　When a kid wears his iPod or headphones when you’re trying to talk to him，make no bones about it；he is not ignoring you，he is disrespecting you.At that point，everything else should stop until he takes the earplugs out of his ears.Don’t try to communicate with him when he’s wearing headphones—even if he tells you he can hear you.Wearing them while you’re talking to him is a sign of disrespect.Parents should be very tough about this kind of thing.Remember，mutual respect becomes more important as children mature.

　　1．According to the passage，it seldom happens that________.

　　A．kids turn a deaf ear to their parents’ requests

　　B．parents’ directions sound like a broken record

　　C．children are ready to follow their parents’ directions

　　D．parents are unaware of what they are repeating to their kids

　　解析　细节理解题。依据第一段第一句话可知答案为D。

　　答案　D

　　2．Parents will be able to deal with their children more effectively if they________.

　　A．avoid direct ways of punishment

　　B．make them do things at their request

　　C．argue and fight with their children

　　D．allow their children to behave in their own way

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中间部分“Don’t argue or fight with them，just say，...”可知答案为A。

　　答案　A

　　3．When the kid is doing his homework，parents________.

　　A．should provide him with a good learning environment

　　B．can do whatever they like

　　C．can stay aside watching TV

　　D．must switch off the power

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第一段后半部分“Have a time when homework starts，and at that time，all electronics go off and do not go back on until you see that their homework is done.”可知“Parents should provide him with a good learning environment.”

　　答案　A

　　4．It can be inferred from the passage that________.

　　A．parents should take off his headphones when trying to have a talk with their child

　　B．it will make no difference that a kid is wearing his earplugs while talking to his parents

　　C．parents shouldn’t give in to their kid when he shows no sign of respect

　　D．kids’ purposely talking to their parents with iPod gives them a sense of power and control

　　解析　推理判断题。根据末段前半部分分析可知答案为C。

　　答案　C

　　5．The main idea of the passage is________.

　　A．that respecting each other is more important than anything else

　　B．how kids behave to ignore and disrespect their parents

　　C．that children should make choices and decisions on their own

　　D．how parents can deal with their kids’ behavior effectively

　　解析　主旨大意题。综合全文分析，文章主要讲述了父母如何有效的去处理孩子们的行为问题。

　　答案　D

　　Passage 3

　　In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition (学会) of each new skill in the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

　　Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe (严格的) over time of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness.

　　As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.

　　A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.

　　【语篇解读】　在孩子成长过程中，父母不能拔苗助长。父母对孩子的“严”与“松”之间应有一个恰当的度。关于道德教育问题，父母应该以身作则，带头遵循，“榜样比说教更有力”。

　　1. Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills，________.

　　A. should be avoided

　　B. is universal among parents

　　C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child

　　D. will make the child lose interest in learning new things

　　解析　推理判断题。根据文章第一自然段开头In bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill，既然是每位父母都会这样做，那么这种做法在父母中就是普遍的，故选B。根据文章第一自然段第二句，选项C。sets up dangerous states of worry in the child是由hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate引起的，“迫不及待地要求孩子做超出其自然成长速度的事情”和“热切地观察孩子学会每一项新技能”显然不是一回事，作者对后者没有否定之意，所以A不对。根据文章第一自然段末句，选项取D。will make him lose interest in learning new things是由a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities引起的。故D也不合文意。