辽宁省抚顺县高中高三英语人教版复习：常用动词短语辨析

　　常用动词短语辨析

　　1. add to增加，增进

　　add … to把…加进… add up相加 add up to总计，所有这一切说明  1) I don't think these facts will ________ anything.

　　  2) Fifty new books have been ________ the library.

　　  3) The music _________ our enjoyment of the film.

　　  4) You must have made a mistake when you _______ the bill ________.

　　  ( add up to, added to, add to, added…up )

　　2. break away from打破，脱离，挣脱，改掉；break down出毛病，身体(精神)衰弱，分解，拆开  break off暂停，中断 break in强行进入，插话break into闯入break into pieces成为碎片  break out爆发break up捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散break through突破  1) The criminal managed to break _______  ______ the police and ran into the woods.

　　  2) When he heard the news, he broke _______ and cried.

　　  3) Don't break ________ while others are speaking.

　　  4) Why don't you break ________ for a few minutes and have some coffee?

　　  5) When does school break ________?

　　  6) After harvest we break _________ the soil with a tool pulled by two oxen.

　　  ( away from, down, in, off, up, up )

　　3. bring up抚养，呕吐，提出 ；bring about造成 bring out拿出，出版 bring in引入，引进，挣钱bring back使回想起 bring down使下降，使倒下  1) The shopkeeper brought his price _________ to only five dollars.

　　  2) The school has brought _________ new foreign teachers to teach oral English.

　　  3) The song brought ___________ happy memories of our schooldays.

　　  4) Do you know what brought ___________ this misunderstanding?

　　  5) The kind old man agreed to bring __________ the young orphan.

　　  6) We decided to bring the matter ___ at the next meeting.

　　  7) The wind brought _______ a lot of trees last night.

　　  8) Next month they will  bring ________ a new edition of  the book.

　　  ( down, in, back, about, up, up, down, out )

　　4. call on号召，拜访（某人）；

　　call at拜访、参观（某地） call for去叫某人, 要求, 需要  call up使回忆起, 征召入伍call in召集，请某人来call out大喊，高叫call off取消，不举行

　　  1) Doctors are often called _____ in the middle of the war.

　　  2) Please wait for me at home. I'll call _______ you at your house at seven tonight.

　　  3) The trains calls _______ several big cities between Beijing and Guangzhou.

　　  4) He called her name __________, but she didn't answer.

　　  5) The sports meet was called ____ on account of the rain.

　　  ( in, for, at, out, off)

　　5. come about发生，出现 come down下跌，落，降，传下来

　　come in进来  come into (sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)

　　  come on来临/ 快点

　　come out出版，结果是 come along一道来，赶快  come to达到 (an end/an agreement/a stop)苏醒，合计，总共是

　　  come over走过来come up发芽，走近   come across偶然碰到come back回想起 come from来自，源自

　　  1) I come _________ the book I lent you last month.

　　  2) How did it come _________ that you both got lost? I thought you had a map.

　　  3) It suddenly came _________ to me where I had seen the boy before.

　　  4) Come __________ now, or else we shall be late.

　　  5) He came __________ me like a tiger.

　　  6) The price of petrol has come _________ since the beginning of this year.

　　  7) The word came __________ use many years ago.

　　  8) When the examination result came _________, he had already got a job.

　　  9)The bill came __________ over a thousand dollars.

　　  10) I sowed the seeds over a month ago, but they haven't come __________ yet.

　　  ( for, about, back, on, at, down, into, out, to, up )

　　6. cut across抄近路 ；cut down砍倒，削减 cut off切断，割掉，断绝关系   cut up连根拔除，切碎through剪断，凿穿  cut out删（省）掉，戒掉 cut in插嘴

　　  1) Don't cut ___ this tree. It will be very shady in summer.

　　  2) You must cut ________ the number of cigarettes you smoke, or it will cause illness.

　　  3) We decided to cut _________ the moor（旷野） to the village.

　　  4) Cutting the tree ____ means cutting the tree into pieces.

　　5) The electricity was cut ___________ when the lady refused to pay the bill.

　　  6) We were having a pleasant conversation when Tom cut __________.

　　 （down, down, across, up, off, in ）

　　7. die of (disease/hunger/grief/old age)死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）die from死于（意外事故、情形）die away渐渐消逝die out绝种  die down(炉火)渐熄 die off逐一死去8. fall behind落后 fall over one's feet 跌跤fall down掉下，跌倒 fall back撤退，后退

　　  1) Babies often fall _____ when they are learning to walk.

　　  2) Our team seems to have fallen __________ the others.

　　  3) As soon as the enemies fell __________, the people returned to their village.

　　  4) She fell__________ the bench and had her leg broken.

　　 （down, behind, back, over ）  

　　9. go in for从事，喜爱，参加 go through通过，经受   go over复习，检查go up（价格）上涨，建造起来  go after追捕，追赶go against违反go ahead先行，开始吧，问吧，说吧go away离开go by时间过去 go down下沉，降低，（日、月）西沉

　　  go on(with)继续进行go with相配，陪同 go without没有，缺少go out外出，熄灭go all out全力以赴 go off爆炸，进行，变坏，断电，停止供应  go back on背约，食言go beyond超出

　　  1) Many new factories have gone __ in the past few years.

　　  2) Rents have gone __________ greatly recently.

　　  3) Many years have gone ___________ since we first met.

　　  4) Let's continue our journey until the sun goes _______.

　　  5) His actions went ___________ the will of the people,

　　  6) I can't do it, for it goes ___________ my duty.

　　  7) Over 100 students went ____________ this entrance examination.

　　  8) The bomb went ____________ and killed ten people.

　　9) The buyer went ___________ the car carefully before reaching a decision.  

　　  10) This tie doesn't go ___________ my blue shirt.

　　  11) If you think you can solve the problem, go ______.

　　  12) Many students went __________ playing basketball.

　　  (up, up, by, down, against, beyond, through, off, over, with, ahead, in for )

　　10. get down下来，记下，使沮丧；get down to致力于，专心于   get on进展，进步，穿上，上车get off脱下,下车get in收集，插（话）

　　   get away逃跑，逃脱，去休假get over忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复

　　   get along with进展，相处get up起床get through打通电话，完成，通过

　　   get round消息传开get close to sth. 接近，几乎get into (trouble) 陷入（麻烦）

　　   get to (know) 逐渐（了解）； get back取回，收回get out出来，传出去，拔出，弄出

　　get rid of 摆脱，除掉，处理掉

　　   1) She spoke so fast that I couldn't get ____ what he said.

　　   2) We will find ways to get _________ difficulties.

　　   3) The story has got __________, and everyone knows about it.

　　   4) When I get _________ with the report, I'll go to the cinema.

　　   5) After a delicious meal the two men got __________ to business.

　　   6) Don't always get __________ a word when others are speaking.

　　   7) It took me a long time to get ___________ such an unpleasant experience.

　　   (down, over, round, through, down, in, over)

　　11. give away赠送，泄露，出卖 ; give out发出，疲劳，分发，公布 give off发出（光、热、气体）

　　   give in (to sb.) 屈服give up放弃，让（座位）

　　   1) His accent at last gave him __________.

　　   2) The liquid gave ________ a strong smell.

　　   3) The headmaster gave ___________ the names of the prize-winners.

　　   4) The soldiers gave _________ the town to the enemies.

　　   5) Who will help me to give the books ___________?

　　   6) Don't believe in those who give his friends ________.

　　   7) After a long walk, my strength gave ____________.

　　   (away, off, out, up, out, away, out)

　　12. hand in交上，提交；hand out分发hand down流传，遗传

　　13. hang about闲逛 hang up挂电话

　　14. hold back阻止，隐瞒 hold up举起，使停顿 hold on别挂电话，等，坚持    hold out持续，坚持，伸出 hold down控制，镇压

　　   1) I'm sure he is holding something _________.

　　   2) She managed to hold ______ her emotion until her guests had left. Then she cried.

　　   3) Tell him to hold ________ a moment. I'll come soon.

　　   4) Our food supply won't hold _________ for more than a few days.

　　   5) The train was held ________ as a result of the floods.

　　   6) These measures helped to hold ___________ the city's population.

　　   7) Hold ___________ your left arm, please.

　　   (back, back, on, out, up, down, up)

　　15. keep up (courage, English, spirits)保持；keep up with跟上keep off (grass)不接近，离开

　　   keep away from避开，不接近，离…远远的 keep out of 不卷入，不进入

　　   keep to (rules, promise)坚持，遵守    keep on继续，坚持下来keep back阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下 keep from克制，阻止

　　   1) The angry lady told the strangers to keep ________ from her.

　　   2) I can hardly keep ________ my tears after hearing his words.

　　   3) Only pride kept her __________ bursting into tears.

　　   4) I can scarcely keep __________ asking him what he has done.

　　   5) "Don't touch me," screamed the woman, "Keep __________!"

　　   6) Keep _________ until you succeed.

　　   7) Keep _________ your courage, and you'll succeed in the end.

　　   8) The thick coat can keep the cold ___________.

　　   9) Always try to keep ___________ the rules when you play a game.

　　   10) I can't keep ________ with everything you're doing.

　　   (away, back, from, from, off, on, up, out, to, up)

　　16. knock at/on敲；knock into撞到某人身上knock down撞倒

　　   knock out of把…敲出 knock over撞倒 knock off停止工作，休息   1) The boxer soon knocked his opponent _________.

　　   2) The office stuff knocks _________ at six every day.

　　3) Try knocking __________ the window and see if there is anyone indoors.

　　   4) He was so absorbed in his book that he knocked __________ the car parked there.

　　   (down, off, on, into)

　　17. leave for离开前往；leave out删去，遗漏 leave behind遗留,忘记拿走

　　   leave to留给，遗嘱赠于leave over遗留，剩下，延期

　　   1) "Whose name has been left __________?" demanded the teacher.

　　   2) When he died, he left all his property _____ his niece.

　　   3) He suddenly realized that he had left his umbrella ___________.

　　   4) Don't leave this matter _________ until tomorrow.

　　   5) Leave some meat ___________ for tomorrow.

　　   6) Those are questions left _________ by history.

　　   (out, to, behind, over, over, over)

　　18. look up查找，向上看 look through翻阅，浏览look on旁观   look on…as看作look into调查

　　look after/ at / for 照顾/看/寻找   look out(for)当心

　　look about / around/round四下查看   look down upon瞧不起look back upon回忆，回顾 look sb. up and down仔细打量某人look sb. in the face/eyes直视某人   1) I spent two hours looking ______ the students' papers.

　　   2)Look _______! There is a big hole in front.

　　   3) He took part in the game, and the rest of us just looked ______ and cheered for him.

　　   4) The old man looked _____ upon the days of his youth.

　　   5) She was so snobbish（势利）that she looked __________ upon all his neighbours.

　　   6) The police promised to look __________ the case as soon as possible.

　　   7) He looked __________ but saw nobody, and he listened but hear nothing.

　　   (through, out, on, back, down, into, about/around/round)

　　19. make up编造，配制，打扮，组成； make up for弥补 make into / of / from 制成   make out弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单）make for走向，驶往，促使   1) Can you make this length of cloth __________ a suit?

　　   2) I asked the driver if he was making ___________ London?

　　   3) My father made __________ a check for me to buy the camera.

　　   4) We must make the loss _________ next week./ He tried hard to make ________ for

　　the damage he had done.

　　   5) He made __________ a story, which I found hard to believe.

　　   6) Someone is coming, but I can't make ___________ who it is.

　　   (into, for, out, up/up, up, out)

　　20. pass away去世；pass by经过 pass down(on)…to传给pass through经历 pass over漠视，忽视   1) The old clock has been passed ________ to me from my grandfather's grandfather.

　　   2) The man passed ___________ last week in peace.

　　   3) We are passing ____________ difficult times.

　　   4) The secretary passed ___________ the details in the first part of his report.

　　   (down, away, through, over)

　　21. pay back还钱，报复；pay for付钱，为…受到惩罚，因…得到报应pay off还清   1) How much did you pay __________ the dictionary?

　　   2) You should pay _________ the money you borrowed from me.

　　   3) I'll pay him ____________ for all his crimes(罪行) against me.

　　   4) Some day, you'll pay __________ what you have done today.

　　   5) Has she pay ____________ the debt yet?

　　  （for, back, back, for, off）

　　22. pick up拾起，获得(information)，接人，站起，收听，自然习得(language/knowledge)，恢复重获(pick up health)pick out挑选，辨认，看出   1) I picked the information __________ while waiting in the queue.

　　   2) My friend has arranged to pick me _________ at 6:00.

　　   3) The patient has picked _________ health during the last two weeks.

　　   4) She picked _______ the most expensive pair of shoes.

　　   5) I can't pick John ___________ in the crowd.

　　   6) Can I pick __________ VOA with this short-wave radio?

　　   7) He fell down suddenly, but picked himself ___________ quickly

　　   (up, up, up, out, out, up, up)