2024高考英语分类汇编：动词及短语动词
十年高考【2002-2011】英语分类汇编----动词及短语动词
动词及短语动词在高考中的重点：1.系动词的比较；
2.动词和短语动词的习惯用法和意义辨析（高考的重中之重）。
【2011全国卷,34】William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to
.
A.disappear
B.fall
C.fail
D.damage
【答案】C
【考点】考查动词的辨析。
【解析】disappear消失，不复存在；fall降落跌倒降低fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱damage损害, 毁坏, 加害于William 发现阅读越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始衰退increasingly difficult越来越困难”是个渐进的过程，故选C。
【2011全国卷II,10】Mary, I_____John of his promise to help you.
A. told
B. reminded
C. warned
D. advised
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“玛丽，我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。”remind… of… 就…提醒(某人)使(某人)想起…warn含有警告的意思。
【2011天津卷summer vacation.
A.borrowed
B.opened
C.entered
D.ordered
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“暑假兼职打工挣了1000美元后，我在银行开了帐户。”open a bank account在银行开帐户。
【2011江苏卷28】——Are you still mad at her?
——Not really, but I can’t ______ that her remarks hurt me.
A．deny
B．refuse
C．reject
D．decline不见得我不否认deny否认，否定；refuse，reject ，decline都是拒绝的意思。not deny无法否认。故选A。
【2011福建卷28】I’d prefer to
my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A.show
B. express
C.pass
D.reserve
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“我宁愿保留我的判断直到我发现所有的证据。”reserve预订或保留(座位、住处等) 推迟留到以后until相一致。
【2011安徽卷As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.
A. begins
B. happens
C. ends
D. develops
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“随着故事的展开，这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了develop开发, 发展把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来2011湖北卷26】Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also________ our thinking.
A. direct
B. limit
C. change
D. improve
【答案】B
【考点】考查动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“如果我们想要获得成功，知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。”direct指示, 指引导演（戏剧或电影）；指挥（管弦乐队）limit限制；change改变；improve改进，改善。根据句中but的转折，选B。
【2011湖北卷27】The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never_______ with criminals.”
A. negotiate
B. quarrel
C. argue
D. consult
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词的辨析。
【解析】negotiate谈判；quarrel吵架，argue辩论，争辩consult商议,咨询2011湖北卷28】Clinical evidence began to__________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. A. operate
B. strenghten
C. approve
D. accumulate
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“不断增加的临床证据表明：比起原先从动物实验中所得到的预计，这些新药具有更加广泛有用性。”operate手术，操作；strenghten加强；approve赞成；accumulate积累，（数量）逐渐增加2011辽宁卷22】What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're
to be asleep.
,
A. supposed
B. known
C. thought
D. considered
【答案】A
【考点】考查动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“Tom，你不睡觉做什么？你现在应该睡觉。”out of bed未上床起床be supposed to do应当，应该。
【2011辽宁卷24】You are old enough to
your own living.
A.win
B. gain
C. take
D. earn
【答案】D
【考点】考查动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“你长大了，可以自谋生路了。”earn one’s living 谋生，固定搭配。
【2011全国卷,26】I can
the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with
B.put up with
C. turn to
D.stick to
【答案】B
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“房子里东西凌乱讨厌come up with想出, 提出put up with 忍受, 容忍turn to转向翻书到求助于(使)变成stick to坚持紧跟粘住忠于不整洁的;凌乱的2011天津卷take after 长得像性格类似于效仿穿过, 越过偶然遇见2011山东卷桥梁打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等）(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋算出，实现。拓宽桥梁卷30】——You look upset. What’s the matter？
I had my proposal _______ again.
A．turned over
B．turned on
C．turned off
D．turned downturn over翻身，翻转把……移交turn on打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等）(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋turn off关掉（电器、水龙头等）使厌烦turn down关小（音量等）拒绝2011福建卷31】Born into a family with three brothers, David was
to value the sense of sharing.
A.brought up
B.turned down
C.looked after
D.held back
【答案】A
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“出身在一个三兄弟家庭，David受到了要看重与人分享的教育。”bring up教育养育(孩子)呕吐(食物)turn down关小（音量等）拒绝look after照顾；hold back阻碍抑制隐瞒2011安徽卷 34】If you _____faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A. come across
B. care about
C. look for
D. focus upon
【答案】A
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要，你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。”come across偶然遇到；care about关心，在乎；look for寻找；focus upon专注于。
【2011浙江卷,6】The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to
__________it,
A. make the best of
B. get away from
C. keep an eye on
D. catch up with
【答案】A
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“这所学校并不是我原来真正想去的，但我现在想尽量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用尽量好好去做get away from逃离keep an eye on照看,留心; 注意catch up with追上赶上12】He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down
B. putting off
C. putting on
D. putting up
【答案】D
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“他决定一路驾车回家，不在旅馆留宿。”put down放下平定, 镇压记下put off推迟；put on穿上戴上上演假装增加put up举起建立张贴投宿2011四川卷7】To get a better grade, you should __________the notes again before the test.
A. go over
B. get over
C. turn over
D. take over
【答案】A
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“为了获得好成绩，你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。”go over审查复习重温从头到尾检查一遍get over越过完成克服(困难)从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来turn over翻身，翻转把……移交take over接管; 接替2011四川卷14】I often
the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.
A.look up
B.look at
C. look for
D.look into
【答案】A
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词。”look up查（单词、电话号码等）；look at看注视(某人或某物)look for寻找；look into深入地检查研究调查2011陕西卷25】Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A. take in
B. take off
C. take on
D. take out
【答案】C
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。
【解析】take in吸收，欺骗；take off拿走, 取下脱去起飞take on承担呈现雇用take out把…带出去清除, 除掉体色与其周围环境的颜色相似2011湖北卷29】The government has taken measures to _________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A. take down
B. bring down
C.
hand down
D. tear down
【答案】B
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格以保持市场的稳定。”take down拆卸记录记下bring down 使(某物或某人)掉下〔倒下〕 击败降(价)hand down把…传递下来遗留; 流传tear down拆毁; 拆卸2011辽宁卷26】The exam results will be
on Friday afternoon.
A. put down
B. put off
C. put up
D. put away
【答案】C
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。
【解析】句意为“考试结果将在星期五下午公布。”put down放下平定, 镇压记下put off推迟；put up举起建立张贴投宿put away放好储存抛弃2011江西卷35】You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ____ as you expect.
A.run out
B.break out
C.work out
D. put out.
【答案】C
【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。run out 耗尽；break out 打破；work out 算出，实现；put out 扑灭。句意为“你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。”选C。
〖10全国The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “ This Side Up”
A. carried
B. delivered
C. pressed
D. packed
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗动词词义辨析
〖解析〗句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好并且每个盒子上标记上 “此面向上”。 选项为四个意思上毫无关联的动词, 此题考查动词的词义辨析。arry 译为搬运, deliver译为递送, press译为按, 压, pack译为打包。’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do. Let’s
it.
A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗动词词组辨析
〖解析〗A. keep up with 保持废除, 去掉；着手处理盼望, 期待– In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.
--I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two
.
A. linked
B. related
C. connected
D. combined
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗动词词义辨析
〖解析〗A.; 联系在一起；将人或物连接或联系起来； 与…有某种联系 连接, 连结； 使联合, 使结合；In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled
the local market.
A. longer than
B. more than
C. as much as
D. as far as
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗本题考查介词词组。
〖解析〗根据动词travel可判断此处应填关于路程的介词词组, 本题即为as far as。as far as远到...Looking up to
D. looking down upon
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查动词短语辨析。
〖解析〗getting rid of意为 “摆脱；去除”； getting along with意为 “与……相处；进展”； Looking up to意为 “尊敬；敬仰”； looking down upon意为 “看不起；轻视”。句意为 “你无论认为自己怎样低下, 总希望有个高尚的人来尊敬你。”
〖10安徽〗----How did you like Nick’s performance last night?
----To be honest, his singing didn’t _______to me much
A. appeal
B . belong
C
refer
D. occur
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗本题考查动词辨析。
〖解析〗appeal to 意为 “吸引”；belong to意为 “属于”；refer to意为 “提到；涉及”；occur to意为 “突然想到”。 句意为 “她的演唱并不怎么吸引我。”
〖10江西〗Parents _______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
A attach
B pay
C link
D apply
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查动词词组,attach importance to 关注.Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just ______ sweet dreams.
A keep up with
B put up with
C end up with
D catch up with
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗考查动词词组keep up with 保持, put up with 忍受, end up with 以 为结束 catch up with 赶上。We give dogs time, space and love we c an spare, and _____, dogs give us their all.
A in all
B in fact
C in short
D in return
〖答案〗D
〖考点〗考查in的词组in all 共计 in fact实际上 in short 简而言之 in return 以作为回报。Sam _____ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
A. brought up
B. looked up
C. picked up
D. set up
〖答案〗C
〖考点〗本题考查动词短语意义辨析。
〖解析〗句意应为 “山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。”表示 “学会”用pick up; pick up另外还有 “捡起; 顺车接送,搭载；收拾, 整理；重新开始；获得”等义；bring up 表示 “抚养, 教育；提出；呕吐”；look up 表示 “向上看；(形势)好转, 改善；查阅”；set up表示 “建立, 设置；造成, 产生”。
