2024届高考英语一轮复习方案精品课件：第24讲 Unit 24《Society》（北师大版必修8）
2．单项填空
Not only I and Mary but also Jane ________ having one exam after another.
A．is tired of B．are tired of
C．is tired with
D．are tired with
[解析] A be tired of厌倦，厌烦；be tired with 因……而疲劳；not only…but also句型的主谓遵循就近一致的原则，故该句话的主语为Jane。
第24讲 │ 句型透视
第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
跟踪训练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The m________decided to use camels to carry his goods across the desert. 2．The s________ of six months in prison was most unjust. 3．The girl has been waiting in the rain for 2 hours, only to get a ________ (签名) of a pop star she likes. 4．The newlyelected president _________ (着手做) everything that he got. 5．People on high incomes face a huge tax ________ (负担).
erchant
entence signature undertook burden Ⅱ.选词填空 用下面短语的适当形式填空。 well off; come into being; be sentenced to death; knock into; show off 1．The old woman burst into tears when she heard her son _____________________.
2．The young boy likes _________how well he speaks French.
3．Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans _______________.
第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
was sentenced to death showing off came into being 4．The young man rode his motorbike so fast that he nearly ____________a boy on the street.
5．Don't waste your sympathy on them. They are much ________than you and I.
第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
knocked into better off Ⅲ.单项填空 1．They were lost at the sea, ________ wind and weather.
A．at the price ofB．at the sight of
C．at the mercy of
D．at the bottom of
[解析] C 此题考查短语at the mercy of(任由……的摆布)。 第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
2．It is said that the judge will ________ Tom, a cruel murderer, ________.
A．sentence; to die
B．sentence; to dying
C．sentence; to dead
D．sentence; to death
[解析] D 考查sentence的短语。sentence sb.to death为固定短语，意思是“宣判死刑”。 第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
3．The new timetable will come into ________ next month.
A．effect B．plan C．serviceD．system
[解析] A 考查动词短语搭配。come into effect是固定词组，意为“生效；实施”。 第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
4．—Did you enjoy the movie?
—Sure, it is ________ a beautiful country town with a variety of cultures.
A．put on
B．set in
C．taken on
D．got in
[解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：“你喜欢这部电影吗？”“当然，这部电影以一个有各种文化的乡村城镇为背景。”be set in以……为背景。 第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
5．Under good treatment, she is beginning to ________ and will soon come back to work.
A．pick up
B．wake up
C．grow up
D．show up
[解析] A 考查动词短语辨析。wake up唤醒； grow up生长；show up 出现。由句意知，这里表示“身体恢复健康”，只有pick up 有此意。 第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
6．He was in such a hurry that he almost ________ the old man.
A．knocked at
B．knocked into
C．knocked off
D．knocked on
[解析] B 短语辨析题。knock into撞到某人身上。knock on, knock at意思是轻轻敲击；knock off意为敲落。 第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
7．At 30 we need to ________ to our lives and shed from fantasies.
A．set down
B．put down
C．devote to
D．settle down
[解析] D 考查短语辨析。句意：在30岁时，我们需要丢掉幻想，踏实生活。settle down to our lives安顿下来开始生活。set down记下；put down镇压；devote to 贡献。 第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
8．Many relationships ________ because of wrong speech.
A．break off
B．break down
C．break into
D．break out
[解析] A 本题考查短语辨析。break off折断，断绝关系，中断谈话； break down出故障，身体出毛病；break into闯入；break out爆发。 第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
9．—It's getting dark. My son hasn't returned home.
— ________ He has been a grownup.
A．Take it easy.
B．No problem.
C．Take your time.
D．So what?
[解析] A 根据答语He has been a grownup可知是安慰说话者，即“不用担心，他已经是大人了。”take it easy用来安慰对方不要担心。no problem用来表示同意；take your time指做某事不要着急；so what表示某人认为某事无关紧要，意思为“那又怎么样？”
第24讲 │ 跟踪训练
阅读写作(二十四) │ 阅读理解技法指导之篇章结构 阅读写作(二十四)[阅读理解技法指导之篇章结构]
阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 重视篇章结构 篇章结构题从其考查内容而言，可分为三种：考查考生对整个文章结构的组织能力；考查考生对后文内容的预测能力；考查考生对文章写作手法、修辞手段的鉴赏能力。 一、篇章结构主要的设题方式常有： 1．How is the passage organized? 2．Which of the following best shows the structure/organization of the passage? 3．What will the author most probably talk about next? 4．The author develops the passage mainly by
. 5．The first paragraph serves as a(n) . 6．The example of…is given to show/illustrate that . 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 二、篇章结构主要的解题策略常有： 1．了解文章结构的组织形式。从段落组织方式上讲，常见的文章结构有三种：总分式结构(总→分；总→分→总；分→总)、并列式结构(段落之间是平行关系，并且相对独立)、对照式结构(结构形式上是一正一反)。 2．了解文章的论证方法。从论证方法上讲，常见的议论文结构有以下两类：Put forward a problem→Analyze the problem→Solve the problem 即“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”的过程；Argument/Idea→Evidence→Conclusion/Restating the idea 即“由论点到论据到结论或者强调论点”的过程。 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 3．了解文章的写作手法。在高考阅读中主要考查下定义、分类说明、列举例证和对比等写作手法。其中，“引用”和“例证”是议论文和说明文中最常用的写作手法之一，是历年高考阅读试题中必不可缺的命题方向。“引用”和“例证”的共同目的就是增强说服力，以更好地达到说理、说明的目的。“引用”和“例证”的共同功能就是服务于段落或篇章的主题。 例
[2011·重庆卷](节选) Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing. However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry Ⅳ，King of France，was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out. 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long－lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea：clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far? 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first－time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist (免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground. 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 How does the passage mainly develop? A．By providing examples. B．By making comparisons. C．By following the order of time. D．By following the order of importance. 【点睛】 C 本题考查文章写作手法。通读全文可知，贯穿文章的主要线索是时间。因此该文是按照时间顺序来组织的，故选择C项。 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 【活学活用】 The Celebration Experiment
In the 1960s, Walt Disney pictured in the mind a future Utopian city with underground roads and a climate－controlled round roof. The real community of Celebration, Florida, built in 1999, applies the social and environmental goals of both Disney and the New Urbanism movement. 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 Disney and the New Urbanism have imagined communities that promote social and local communication. Celebration has a central Market Street district to reduce traffic and encourage social contacts. The idea is that if the downtown area is neatly and closely ranked, people will walk and meet their neighbors. Downtown events like art festivals also bring citizens together. Narrow, tree－lined streets are “traffic calm”—with slower speed limits—to encourage bicycling and walking. 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 Moreover, housing in Celebration includes both single－ and multi－family houses that encourages socialization. Apartment buildings are located close to downtown, and houses are built close together with small yards. They feature entrance halls to encourage citizens to socialize. “Many aspects of that kind of design are really aimed at maximizing social communication between citizens, not just on the streets but also in community institutions that are very much a part of public life there，” says Andrew Ross, a New York University professor who lived in Celebration for one year. 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 Utopian communities such as Celebration are also designed with environmental protection in mind. The town itself is built on 4,900 acres surrounded by a 4,700 acre protected
greenbelt. The greenbelt parks, and common areas accommodate native wildlife and animals. 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 High－rise office and apartment buildings provide close office and living space in a small geographic area in order to reduce urban sprawl, the spread of today's cities onto nature areas. Buildings also minimize environmental influence by using cooling and electric systems with insulated(绝缘的；隔热的)glass, cooling towers, and energy－saving lamps. “The town more or less borrows very heavily from New Urbanist principles…to create environmentally friendly alternatives to sprawl and to create communities around people rather than vehicles，” Ross said. 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?
CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub－point(次要点) C: Conclusion 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 [解析] B 本文采用总分总的方式，阐述了迪士尼和新城市主义运动的社会目标和环境目标，并讲述实现这两个目标所采取的一些具体做法。文章第一段讲述社区Celebration的建立，并提出了迪士尼和新城市主义运动的社会目标和环境目标；第二段到第四段分别讲述了社区中人与人之间的交流；第五、六段从环境保护方面讲述了城市的发展，最后一段进行总结。故B项正确。 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构 【词语辨析】 empty, vacant与hollow (1) empty: 意思是“里面没有东西，一无所有”，具有“空无一物”的隐含意义，它可以用来描绘box，vessel，cupboard，bag，purse，room，house，street，stomach，head 等词。
This trunk is empty.
这只箱子空空如也。 (2) vacant: 意思是“闲着的、无人占据的”，着重指临时性的情况，如：vacant seat，vacant apartment，vacant position等。
第24讲 │ 单词点睛
We have no vacant position here.
我们这里没有空职。 (3) hollow: 意思是“空心的，中空的，空洞的，下陷的”，它常与tree，ball，cheeks，voice，sound，words，promise等词连用。
This is a hollow tree.这是一棵中空的树。 第24讲 │ 单词点睛
【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) We found the room ________.
我们发现房间空空的。
(2) A ________ seat was found in this compartment.
在这个车厢里找到了一个空的座位。
(3) I don't like to hear his ________ words.
我不喜欢听他那些空洞的话。 第24讲 │ 单词点睛
empty vacant hollow 2．单项填空
If you want to look for a flat to rent to accompany your son to study here, I think there's a ________ one in our neighborhood.
A．thin
B．vacant
C．hollow
D．bare
[解析] B 考查形容词辨析。句意： 如果你想在这儿寻找一套住房来陪你儿子学习，我想在我们住的附近有一套闲置的房子。 thin薄的；vacant空着的，未被占用的，闲置的(指某处暂时没被占用而空着的)，hollow中空的，空心的； bare光秃秃的，裸露的。
第24讲 │ 单词点睛
1 come into being 出现；存在，产生，形成；成立
come into ______ 生效；实施
come into operation
施行，实行；生效
come into view/sight 看见
come into existence
存在
come into ______
开始使用
come into fashion
开始流行
come into ______
掌权 第24讲 │ 短语储存
短语储存 effect
use
power 【注意事项】 come into being为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态形式； come into与come to不同，后者表示“达到或逐渐……”，如come to realize意为“逐渐意识到”。 第24讲 │ 短语储存
【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) The new tax regulations ______________last month.
新税法是上个月生效的。
(2) We don't know when this world ________________.
我们不知道世界是在何时形成的。
(3) As soon as their party ______________ ，they changed
the law.
他们的政党一上台，他们就开始修改法律。
(4) When we reached the top of the mountain，a wide
plain below ___________________.
我们一登上山顶，就望到了下面辽阔的平原。 第24讲 │ 短语储存
came into effect came into being came into power came into view/sight 2．单项填空
Do you know when the system ________？
A．was come into being
B．came into being
C．abolished
D．abandoned
[解析] B 句意：你知道这个制度什么时候形成的吗？come into being“形成；产生”，不能用于被动语态。C、D两项与the system之间是被动关系。 第24讲 │ 短语储存
2 show off 炫耀；卖弄
(1) show sb. around/round 带某人参观
show _____
出现；使清晰，使显露
show the _____
带路；引路
show one's face
露面
(2) talk show
脱口秀
fashion show
时装秀 第24讲 │ 短语储存
up way 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语意思完成句子
(1) The child danced around the room, ____________ to
everybody.
那个孩子满屋子跳舞， 向大家炫耀一番。
(2) It was ten o'clock when he finally __________.
十点钟时，他终于到了。
(3) She wanted to ________________________ at the party.
她想在聚会上炫耀自己的新项链。 第24讲 │ 短语储存
showing off showed up show off her new necklace 2．单项填空
Before you start work, I'll show you ________ the building so that you can meet everyone.
A．offB．outC．aroundD．up
[解析] C 考查show动词词组辨析。 句意：在你开始上班之前，我来带你到楼里各处看看，好让你和大家见见面。此处为“带某人参观、 到处转转”之意，应用show sb. around。show off炫耀，卖弄；show sb. out带某人出去； show sb. up揭发某人。 第24讲 │ 短语储存
3 settle down 定居；平静，使安静
settle ____sth. 勉强接受
settle on sth.
选定；决定
take _____
拆毁；记下，记录
write down
写下，记下
put down
放下；记下；镇压
go down
下跌；下去
set down
让某人下车；记下 第24讲 │ 短语储存
for down 【活学活用】 Wait until the excitement has ________. A．settled downB．put down C．set down
