2024年高考冲刺总复习：第5模块-书面表达专题课件
专题三 说明文型书面表达
专题三 说明文型书面表达 专题三 │ 专题导读 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式， 要求用简洁明快的语言来解说事物、阐明事理， 从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。近几年高考说明文多数以图表、表格或文字的形式给出提示， 并往往融合在应用文体中进行考查， 一般分为：场所路线介绍；事物介绍；方式、方法或计划、安排介绍三大类。在写作时要求语言简明扼要， 通俗易懂， 说明过程讲究层次性和条理性。写作时要注意：
专题导读 专题三 │ 专题导读
1. 要注意写作顺序。要特别讲究文章的层次和条理， 能反映客观事物本身逻辑顺序。对于不同的说明对象， 在组织结构上可按时间、空间、结构、工艺程序、计划安排等顺序来写。 2. 注意说明方法。可采用举例、比较、对比分析、叙述等方式来描述， 可采取先举例后总结或者先总结后举例的结构模式。不需要发表主张， 抒发个人情感。 3. 这种文体通常用第三人称， 时态以一般现在时为主。 专题三 │ 真题典例
[2011·江苏卷]
下面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家的妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。
真题典例 专题三 │ 真题典例 你的短文应包含以下内容：
描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等； 2. 结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想； 3. 举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。 注意： 1. 可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。 2. 词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。 3. 作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。 专题三 │ 真题典例 The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— 专题三 │ 真题典例
【解析】
One possible version：
The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.
The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels. 专题三 │ 真题典例
All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But, totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels，and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mother's daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student. 专题三 │ 新题预测
(一)
假定你是李华， 准备参加学校举办的主题为“How to protect ourselves in the school？”的英语征文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文， 主要内容包括：在学校发生地震或火灾时， 我们应该如何保护自己？
新题预测 专题三 │ 新题预测
措施
发生地震 发生火灾 在课堂：①听从老师指令；②有秩序 地采取有效的防护措施(如躲在课桌底下、用书包护住头部)在操场：①呆在原地；②蹲下并且双手护头……团结一致， 克服困难。保持冷静；
报警并告知具体出事地点； 找到安全出口迅速逃生， 千万不要乘电梯； 找不到出口： ①要呆在室内； ②不要开门； ③用湿毛巾捂口； …… 专题三 │ 新题预测 要求： 1．只选其中一种突发灾害阐述自己的观点； 2．至少写出三点措施； 3．可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。 注意：1. 词数120左右； 2. 开头已经为你写好， 不计入总词数。 Life is not easy. As a student, we should learn how to protect ourselves in the school. When —————————————————————————————————— 专题三 │ 新题预测 【解析】
(一) 范文1：
Life is not easy. As a student, we should learn how to protect ourselves in the school. When an earthquake happens, first we should calm down, which is the most important. Shouting and crying is of no use. Follow the teachers' guidance and keep our actions in order. Second, hide beneath our desks with the schoolbags on our heads if 专题三 │ 新题预测
we are in class. That can keep us a little safer. Be sure not to jump off the building.
Third, if we are on the playground, don't move. Sit on our feet and use hands to cover our heads so that they can be kept from being hit on. At last, help each other. Faced with natural disaster, individual power is tiny. Only by uniting can we overcome the difficulties. These are my suggestions. Keep them in mind and maybe some day we can survive in case of an earthquake! 专题三 │ 新题预测 范文2：
Life is not easy. As a student, we should learn how to protect ourselves in the school. When a fire breaks out, don't forget to call 119 for help and tell the police the detailed address so that the firefighters can get there in time. Then we should try to find a safe exit to escape. Never take a lift because the electricity may be cut off if there is a fire; otherwise we will be trapped in the lift. Next, if we can not find the way out, just stay in a room. Don't open any hot door 专题三 │ 新题预测
but stay close to the floor! As we all know, smoke can be more dangerous than fire. In many cases, the air near the floor is fresher. If possible, try to cover our mouths with wet towels to prevent taking too much heavy smoke and wait for rescue. These are my suggestions. Keep them in mind and maybe some day we can survive in case of a sudden fire!
专题三 │ 新题预测
(二)
假如你是王文， 住在银川。请你介绍你的家乡银川的情况， 其中须包括下表中的内容。 自然情况 位于黄河边， 风景优美，适合居住 成 就 1. 经济发展迅速；
2. 新建了不少工厂、住房、道路等。 存在问题 1. 水、空气污染；
2. 交通拥挤。 对银川发展的看法 你的看法 专题三 │ 新题预测 注意： 1. 词数100左右， 信的开头已为你写好， 不计入总词数。 2. 参考词汇： economy
n．经济
I'd like to tell
something about my hometown Yinchuan.
专题三 │ 新题预测 【解析】
(二) One possible version：
I'd like to tell
something about my hometown Yinchuan. The city stands on the bank of the Huanghe River. It is a beautiful place for people to live in. Its economy has been developing rapidly in the past ten years. New factories, houses and roads have been built. More schools and hospitals are available for its people. However, there are still some 专题三 │ 新题预测
problems, such as water and air pollution and heavy traffic in rush hours. In my opinion, Yinchuan should develop its economy scientifically. I would also think that the growth of its population should be brought under control so that we'll have a better hometown in future.
专题四 应用文型书面表达
专题四 应用文型书面表达 专题四 │ 专题导读
应用文是高考英语书面表达最常见的一种考查体裁。它接近考生的生活实际， 易于表达， 能充分考查考生的写作水平。其内容常以解说事物为主， 要求把事物的性质、对象、目的、发生的时间和地点等情况表达清楚， 使读者对此事物有一个完整、准确的了解。常见的应用文有书信(包括电子邮件)、通知、日记、便条、启事、演讲稿等， 其中以书信最为常见。书信一般可分为两大类：商业书信和私人书信。
专题导读 专题四 │ 专题导读 从内容上看书信的种类很多， 主要包括致歉信、致谢信、笔友信、慰问信、投诉信、邀请信、介绍信、自荐信、求职信、读者请求的解答信及答复读者的信等。 目前高考应用文的考查一般是提供简单的格式， 不需要考生在格式上多动脑筋， 因此考生只需把主要精力投入到行文中即可。在应用文的写作中应注意： 专题四 │ 专题导读 1. 力求语言使用平实、简洁、准确， 突出实用性， 句子不宜过长， 这样读者(或听众)就可以快速捕捉到文章表达的基本信息， 如：时间、地点、参加人、理由或者是活动内容等。 2．根据不同的文体采用不同的人称和时态， 如日记一般用过去时， 通知用一般现在时和将来时等。 专题四 │ 真题典例
[2011·辽宁卷]
假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信，包括下列要点：
1．年龄；
2．学习情况及英语水平；
3．兴趣和特长；
4．性格特点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
真题典例 专题四 │ 真题典例
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语和结束语已为你写好。
June 8 Dear Sir/Madam，
I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— I'm looking forward to your reply.
Sincerelyyours，
Li Hua 专题四 │ 真题典例 【解析】 One possible version：
June 8 Dear Sir/Madam，
I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary. I'm really interested in this position and hope I can work for you.
I'm 18 years old and will be graduating from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July. I'm an excellent student，among the top 5 in my class of 50 students. I'm 专题四 │ 真题典例 good at English，especially spoken English. I often use the computer and I type very fast. In my spare time，I read a lot. Poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much too. Being an active young person，I like sports and outdoor activities. Besides，I'm easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua 专题四 │ 新题预测
某英文报近期举办以“感恩与我同行” 为主题的英语征文大赛。请你根据下图及提示的内容写一篇感恩老师的英文短文参赛。
新题预测 主要内容： 1. 感谢老师的关心鼓励； 2. 感谢老师的辛勤劳动； 3. 感谢老师的谆谆教诲； 4. …… 注意：1.短文须围绕“感恩与我同行”的主题； 2．短文须包括所有内容要点，并适当发挥； 3．词数：120左右。 专题四 │ 新题预测
Thanks to You, My Teacher ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 专题四 │ 新题预测 【解析】 One possible version：
Thanks to You, My Teacher
I would like to thank you for all the help you have given me. You are very friendly to everyone in our class. You always get on very well with us students.
What impresses me most is that you are not only our teacher but also our friend. You are always so patient whenever we ask you questions. We are all moved when you 专题四 │ 新题预测 listen carefully and explain everything so thoroughly. You show us different ways to learn English. We feel so encouraged and become more comfortable in your class. You make your class so lively and interesting that every one of us is always eager to participate and practice. Our English has improved so much.
You teach us not only how to learn English well but also how to be good citizens. We owe much to you, my teacher. 专题一 │ 新题预测 Then we were attracted by the stands of various clubs. It was really amazing that they have organized such colorful activities I just can't wait for such a wonderful college life!
Inspired by what I saw during the day，I am determined to try my best to get admitted to the university. 专题二 议论文型书面表达 专题二 议论文型书面表达 专题二 │ 专题导读 议论文是高考英语试卷中最常考查的文体之一。一般选取考生所熟悉的社会上的热点和焦点问题， 通过剖析事物来论述事理、发表意见或提出主张。在具体的写作中要求通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非等方式来确定其观点的正确或错误， 树立或否定某种观点或主张。近几年的高考书面表达中， 议论文的命题形式是以文字提纲、图画和表格的方式来呈现写作材料的。写作方法主要是三段式作文法。
专题导读 专题二 │ 专题导读 所谓三段式作文法， 就是将一篇书面表达按三段的写作模式布局谋篇， 即开头、正文、结尾。三段式写作模式思路清晰， 结构分明， 是考生提高自己作文档次的最佳选择。 (1)第一段开门见山直奔主题， 提出要解决的问题或观点， 或者交代清楚时间、地点、人物、做什么。 专题二 │ 专题导读 (2)第二段摆出事实或提出论据， 或者把事情发展的经过详细写出来。该部分条理要清楚， 过渡要自然， 也就是评分细则所要求的“有效地使用了语句间的连接成分， 使全文结构紧凑，完全达到预期的写作目的”。 为了迅速把握句与句、段与段的连接方式， 很有必要熟记各种表示逻辑意义的过渡词语。 专题二 │ 专题导读 (3)最后一段， 得出结论。可以有三种方式： ①重复中心思想， 回到文章开头提出的中心思想或主题上， 达到再次肯定和强调的效果。 ②引用。用格言或名人名言总结全文， 既言简意赅，又有较强的说服力。 ③得出结论。文章最后用几句话概括全文内容， 并进一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者观点。
专题二 │ 专题导读
写此类文体可以遵循如下的写作模板： 模板1.1：观点对比
The topic about … is becoming more and more popular in our school recently. There are two kinds of opinions about it.
Some students prefer to consider doing sth. (Some students say … is their favorite.) They think that…__理由一__. What's more, …__理由二__．Moreover, … __理由三__． 专题二 │ 专题导读
However, others believe … is a better choice for three reasons. To begin with, …__理由一__．Next，…In addition, …
From my point of view, the former is surely a wise choice. The reason is that…(或者用：As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that…) 专题二 │ 专题导读 模板1.2：观点对比
There is a widespread concern over the issue that…. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.
A majority of people think that
__观点一__. In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place,
__原因一______. In the second place,
__原因二___. So it goes without saying that
__观点一__． 专题二 │ 专题导读
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that
__观点二__. In their point of view, on the one hand,
___原因一__. On the other hand,
__原因二__. Therefore, there is no doubt that
__观点二__．
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that
__观点一或观点二__．It is not only because________，
but also because ________.The
more________，
the more ________.
专题二 │ 专题导读 模板2：好处与坏处的对比
In recent years, … has been popular. There are many advantages in… First, … Second, … Third, …
However, there're some disadvantages.…(之一)．Besides, …(之二). Also，…(之三)
In my opinion, it is true that advantages are more than disadvantages. I think… One big advantage of … is that…/ One obvious advantage of … is …/ Finally, …
While it is true that …has many advantages, it is also important to realize that…
专题二 │ 专题导读 模板3: 问题与建议
提出问题：
In recent days, we have to face a problem that…
解决办法：
With the help of modern technology, we now have many means to solve it. By doing …， we can… What's the most important is that…
结论：
