（广东专用）2024届高考英语二轮复习测试：阅读理解专题 专题二 高瞻远瞩 锁定主旨大意类题目
专题二 高瞻远瞩——锁定主旨大意类题目
Passage
1
体裁：记叙文 话题：感人故事 时间：7分钟
(2024·广东卷，B)It was a cold winter day.A woman drove up to the Rainbow Bridge tollbooth (收费站)．“I'm paying for myself，and for the six cars behind me，”she said with a smile，handing over seven tickets.One after another，the next six drivers arriving at the tollbooth were informed，“Some lady up ahead already paid your fare.”
It turned out that the woman，Natalie Smith，had read something on a friend's refrigerator：“Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.”The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.
Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home.When it stayed on her mind for days，she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down.“I thought it was beautiful，”she said，explaining why she'd taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters，“like a message from above.”Her husband，Frank，liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students，one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson，a local news reporter.Alice put it in the newspaper，admitting that though she liked it，she didn't know where it came from or what it really meant.
Two days later，Alice got a call from Anne Herbert，a woman living in Marin.It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper，after turning it around in her mind for days.
“Here's the idea，”Anne says.“Anything you think there should be more of，do it randomly.”Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools，leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town，and giving money secretly to a proud old lady.Anne says，“Kindness_can_build_on_itself_as_much_as_violence_can.”
The acts of random kindness spread.If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid，who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later.Like all great events，kindness begins slowly，with every single act.Let it be yours!
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文，记述了“随意的善举是可以传播的”感人故事。
1．Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her?
A．She knew the car drivers well.
B．She wanted to show kindness.
C．She hoped to please others.
D．She had seven tickets.
解析 事实细节题。第一段说Natalie Smith为其后面的六辆车交费，是她因看到的“Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty”这句话给了她深刻印象，她是受这句话的启发，“想给他人施恩”，故选B。
答案 B
2．Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she
________.
A．thought it was beautifully written
B．wanted to know what it really meant
C．decided to write it on a warehouse wall
D．wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom
解析 事实细节题。由第三段第三句“I thought it was beautiful，”she said，explaining why she'd taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters可知，选A。
答案 A
3．Who came up with the phrase according to the passage?
A．Judy Foreman. B．Natalie Smith.
C．Alice Johnson. D．Anne Herbert.
解析 事实细节题。由第四段中的“It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper”可知，是Anne Herbert想出这句话来的。
答案 D
4．Which of the following statements is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence above?
A．Kindness and violence can change the world.
B．Kindness and violence can affect one's behavior.
C．Kindness and violence can reproduce themselves.
D．Kindness and violence can shape one's character.
解析 词义猜测题。本段中先是Anne Herbert解释她想出的那句话意为：你认为(生活中或世界上)应该多一些存在的事，那么你就随意去做这样的事。接着说她想象中的这类事包括“给破旧教室粉墙”“在穷人区的厨房里留下热饭”等善举。那么该段结尾的话“善举和暴力一样可以在它们自己的基础上建立起来”，可知“善举同暴力一样是可以自我繁衍的”，故选C。
答案 C
5．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．People should practice random kindness to those in need.
B．People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others.
C．People should practice random kindness to strangers they meet.
D．People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver.
解析 推理判断题。由最后一段的第一和第二句可以推知：受到恩惠的人很可能会施惠于他人，将恩惠传播下去。
答案 B
Passage
2
体裁：记叙文 话题：人物故事 时间：6分钟
(2024·福建卷)It was Mother's Day morning last year and I was doing shopping at our local supermarket with my fiveyearold son，Tenyson.As we were leaving，we found that only minutes earlier an elderly woman had fallen over at the entrance and had hit her head on the concrete.Her husband was with her，but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock.
Walking towards the scene，Tenyson became very upset about what had happened to the couple.He said to me，“Mum，it's not much fun falling over in front of everyone.”
At the front of the supermarket，a charity(慈善) group had set up a stand selling cooked sausages and flowers to raise funds.Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower.“It will make her feel better，”he said.I was amazed that he'd come up with this sweet idea.So we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up.“Just take it，”she replied.“I can't take your money for such a wonderful gesture.”
By now paramedics(急救人员)had arrived，and were attending to the injured woman.As we walked up to her，my son became intimidated by all the blood and medical equipment.He said he was just too scared to go up to her.
Instead I gave the flower to the woman's husband and told him，“My son was very upset for your wife and wanted to give her this flower to make her feel better.”
At that，the old man started crying and said，“Thank you so much，you have a wonderful son.Happy Mother's Day to you.”
The man then bent down and gave his wife the flower，telling her who it was from.Though badly hurt and shaken，the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文，记述了五岁小男孩Tenyson为了使摔倒的老太太开心，向花摊买花并送给老太太的动人故事。
1．What does the author intend to tell us?
A．One can never be too careful.
B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Love begins with a little smile.
D．A small act of kindness brings a great joy.
解析 推理判断题。尽管老人受伤严重，但是仍然向作者的儿子露出了微笑。由此可见一个小小的善举都可带来快乐。故选D项。
答案 D
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The elderly woman was knocked down by Tenyson.
B．Tenyson's idea of buying a flower gained his mother's support.
C．Tenyson's care for the elderly woman puzzled the flower seller.
D．The elderly woman was moved to tears by Tenyson's gesture.
解析 事实细节题。根据第三段中so we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up.可知Tenyson的主意获得了他母亲的支持，故选B项。
答案 B
3．The underlined word“intimidated”in the fourth paragraph probably means“________”．
A．astonished B．struck
C．frightened D．excited
解析 词义猜测题。根据he said he was just too scared to go up to her可猜出“intimidated”意思是“害怕的”。故选C项。
答案 C
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Flower Power
B．Mother's Day
C．An Accidental Injury
D．An Embarrassing Moment
解析 主旨大意题。尽管老人受伤严重，但是仍然向作者的儿子露出了微笑。所以最好的题目应该是鲜花的力量，故选A项。
答案 A
.仿真、模拟
Passage
1
体裁：议论文 话题：如何减压 时间：6分钟
Our children feel stressed out by an educational system that actually uses stress as an educational technique.It's a constant pressure of homework deadlines，essays and exams.And our children are told at a young age that failing a test means that they are failures in life.They'll end up nowhere if they don't pass this or that exam.Our educational system is based on a very Western idea that life is a struggle and you'd better measure up.It's survival of the fittest.While there is some truth to this，not as much as people think.
Our ancestors didn't develop a constant stress environment.Back then，stress came quickly and was over quickly，it wasn't like the stress of modern education.Stress was originally just a shortterm biological response to danger；however，the constant stress of modern education rarely stops.It's long term，at least ten years and usually more.
Recent research has shown that the neurological(神经系统的)response to stress is the same response that is found in depression.So，what's the solution? A number have been proposed，including but not limited to the following.
________.Exercise consumes energy that would otherwise build up in the stress response and could cause physical and mental problems.
Teach relaxation exercises.Allowing the mind and body to relax cuts off the stress response and reduces the neurological fatigue，enabling the individual to recover at least somewhat.
Pay attention to thinking.Training the stressed student to pay attention to his or her own mind to a point where he or she is sufficiently aware to shut off the stress response when necessary.
Of course，there's a logical answer to the problem.Just rearrange our teaching methods to encourage，rather than prevent，the natural curiosity and joy in learning that we are all born with.This would remove the stress and probably cut learning time in half.
【语篇导读】 在现行教育制度下，孩子们的压力很大，已经不堪重负了。作为家长和老师，应该怎样有效的帮助孩子减压呢？
1．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Dealing with stress in modern education.
B．Helping children live a happy life.
C．Getting rid of the modern education.
D．Taking measures to learn at school.
解析 主旨大意题。这是一篇议论文，讲述了现行教育制度下，如何帮助孩子摆脱压力。故选A项。
答案 A
2．Children feel stressed because ______.
A．they dislike the educational technique
B．they have no ability to finish their homework
C．they are convinced high grades are important
D．they suffer numbers of failures in their life
解析 细节理解题。依据文章第一段的our children are told at a young age that failing a test means that they are failures in life可知，孩子们很小的时候就被告知考试失败意味着他们生活中也会失败。故选C项。
答案 C
3．How did our ancestors treat education?
A．They thought education was the only way to success.
B．They felt education could bring shortterm stress.
C．They believed education could bring the best out.
D．They knew the importance of good education.
解析 推理判断题。依据文章第二段的Back then，stress came quickly and was over quickly可知，我们的祖先那时候，在教育方面压力来得快，也很快结束，是短期行为，故选B项。
答案 B
4．Which of the following is the best for the blank?
A．Make sure that kids get exercise.
B．Quite a few children avoid exercise.
C．Try to save energy as much as possible.
D．Set a few limits to your physical activities.
解析 推理判断题。运动消耗能量，否则这些能量引起压力反应，可能会导致身体和心理问题。因此让孩子们参加运动，这样可以减压。故选A项。
答案 A
5．If you are a teacher in a high school ______.
A．you should relax yourself as far as possible
B．you should ignore the stressed student
C．you should leave students in a good mood
D．you should stick to your teaching methods
解析 细节理解题。依据文章尾段可知，老师应该鼓励孩子们的好奇心，让孩子们在愉悦中学习。故选C项。
答案 C
Passage
2
体裁：说明文 话题：网络时代 时间：6分钟
Think about how many ways there are for you to communicate today.You can send a letter or pick up the phone and make a call.But today，one of the most popular ways to communicate is called instant messaging(IM)．In any instant messaging system，you type a little text message on your computer，press the “Send” button，and your message instantly shows up on your friend's screen.But how does it work?
Actually，the whole process is very cool.In the 1980s，you could sit down at a computer at any big university.Up to 100 people would be logged in and share the computer because these computers were very expensive.You could type a command to send an instant message to anyone logged in the same computer.It felt like everyone was connected together no matter where they were sitting.
Today，you can communicate with anyone in the world.All you need is an instant messaging program installed on your computer.There are many programs to choose from.AOL's instant messenger is probably the most popular right now.MSN has one.Google has Google Talk.
When you're ready，you create an account.Next，you need to figure out the IM names your friends use.Add their IM names to your IM program.Click on the friend you want to talk to and then type away.When you click “Send”，your friend gets the message instantly.
But behind the scenes，amazing things are happening.Your IM program is communicating with a computer，called a server，which could be just down the road or even in some other city.All your friends' computers are communicating with a server，too.Your computer is constantly chatting with it
to make everything happen.The network called the Internet makes it all possible.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了目前网上最流行的交流方式——即时通信。
1．What could be the best title of the passage?
A．Different Ways of Communication
B．The Easiest Way to Talk to a Friend
C．How to Send Instant Messages
D．Development of Communication
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段的后两句及整篇文章的内容可知，该文介绍的是如何发送即时消息，所以选C项作标题最合适。
答案 C
2．Why did so many people share a computer in the 1980s?
A．Because they wanted to be connected to each other.
B．Because few people could afford to buy computers.
