【北师大版】2024高考英语一轮复习讲练精品学案:选修7 Unit 20 New Frontiers

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【北师大版】2024高考英语一轮复习讲练精品学案:选修7 Unit 20 New Frontiers

  Module 7

  Unit 20 New Frontiers

  1.

  assist vt.帮助,协助

  精讲拓展

  assist sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事

  assist sb. in doing sth.帮助某人做某事

  assist sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事

  词语辨析

  help/assist/aid

  (1)动词help和assist的含义往往相同,但assist较正式,而且总是暗示被帮助者自己也在做一部分工作,若某人处于困境,你帮助他用help,而不说assist。如:

  They helped the drowning man.他们救了那个溺水的人。

  (2)aid系正式用语,与help相似,但不经常使用。

  (3)在help,assist后面可以接动词不定式,aid则不能这样使用。

  He helped me (to) pass my exam.他帮助我通过了考试。

  典型例句

  A man is assisting police(with their inquiries).

  一名男子协助警方调查。[朗文当代]

  Unless we receive more financial assistance from the government,the hospital will have to close.

  如果我们得不到政府财政上更多的援助,这家医院就得停办。[朗文当代]

  Our friends assisted us in fixing the car.

  我们的朋友帮我们修车。[美国传统]

  即学即用

  完成句子

  ①Don’t be nervous.The police________ ________you in finding her address.

  不要紧张,警察会帮你找出她的地址。

  ②Li Hua________ ________ ________ me ________ my English.李华一直帮助我学习英语。

  答案:①will assist ②has been assisting;with

  2.worn adj.用旧的,用坏的;疲惫的

  精讲拓展

  a pair of worn blue jeans一条磨破了的蓝色牛仔裤

  look worn and sad 显得疲惫忧伤

  worn­out (=extremely tired;exhausted)疲惫不堪的

  wear glasses 戴眼镜

  wear one’s hair long/short留长发/短发

  wear puzzled expressions 面带疑惑的表情

  wear well(主动形式表示被动意义)耐用,耐穿,耐磨

  典型例句

  We were worn­out from the long trip.

  长途旅行之后我们精疲力竭。[美国传统]

  She usually wears her hair up.

  她通常都把头发梳得高高的。[朗文当代]

  He wore dark glasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.

  他戴墨镜以防强烈的阳光刺伤眼睛。[朗文当代]

  词语辨析

  wear out/be worn out

  (1)wear out 穿破,用坏;结构为wear out+n./wear+pron.+out

  He wore out two pairs of shoes in one month.

  他在一个月内穿破了两双鞋。

  He has worn them out.他把它们穿破了。

  (2)be worn out表示状态,“穿破了”,用作表语,还可表示“筋疲力尽”,相当于be very tired,be tired out。

  His shirt was worn out,so he bought a new one.

  他的衬衫穿破了,所以他买了一件新的。

  He was worn out after a whole day’s work.

  工作一整天后,他十分疲劳。

  即学即用

  ③________ after a long walk,Mike called and said he

  couldn’t come to the party.

  A.Having worn out

  B.Being worn out

  C.To wear out

  D.Worn out

  解析:句意为:长距离步行之后十分疲劳,迈克打电话说

  他不能来参加聚会了。Having worn out表示发生在谓语

  动作之前的主动动作;Being worn out表示和谓语动作同

  时发生的被动动作;To wear out不定式表示目的;worn

  out过去分词表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作,也可

  以表示状态,在此句中表原因,D为正确答案。

  答案:D

  3.

  issue n.&v.议题,争论点;(期刊的)期,号;发布,公

  布,发行

  精讲拓展

  a big/key/ major issue重要议题

  make an issue of sth.挑起争端

  be at issue of sth.在审议/争议中的

  take issue with sb.about /on/over sth.

  就某事向某人提出异议;就某事向某人争论

  issue sth.to sb.向某人宣布某事

  issue sth.to sb./issue sb.with sth.(正式)发给(供给)某人某物

  典型例句

  I don’t want to make an issue of it.

  我不想争论这件事。[朗文当代]

  The Christmas issue of the magazine had a picture of carol singers on its cover.

  圣诞节那期杂志的封面上刊有唱圣诞颂歌者的照片。[朗文当代]

  Her ability is not at issue;it’s her character I’m worried about.

  她的能力毫无争议,我担心的是她的人品。[朗文当代]

  The government is expected to issue a statement about the crisis.

  预料政府会对这场危机发表一个声明。[朗文当代]

  They issued the firemen with breathing equipment.

  他们发给消防队队员氧气设备。[朗文当代]

  He took issue with my view of the problem.

  他不同意我对这个问题的看法。[美国传统]

  即学即用

  翻译句子

  ④公共教育是这次会议的最重要的议题之一 。

  __________________________________________________

  ⑤这是一个重大问题 ,我们需要花较多的时间考虑。

  __________________________________________________

  ⑥ 钱不是问题。

  __________________________________________________

  ⑦警方已发出寻找目击证人的呼吁。

  __________________________________________________

  答案:④Public education was one of the biggest issues at

  the meeting.

  ⑤This is a big issue,we need more time to think about it.

  ⑥Money is not an issue.

  ⑦The police have issued an appeal for witnesses.

  4.donate vt.捐赠;赠送

  精讲拓展

  donate sth.to sb.捐赠某物给某人

  make a generous donation向……慷慨相助

  典型例句

  We often donate clothing to the Red Cross.

  我们经常向红十字会捐赠衣物。[美国传统]

  We are collecting donations for the relief fund.

  我们在为救济基金募捐。[朗文当代]

  They made a generous donation to charity.

  他们对慈善事业慷慨捐助。[朗文当代]

  ⑧As is well known,she has ________ her books to the

  library,which is a great help to our school.

  A.offer

  B.donated

  C.given

  D.supplying

  解析:本题考查词语辨析。句意为:众所周知,她把她

  的书本捐赠给了图书馆,这对我们学校是极大的帮助。

  donate sth.to sb.“捐赠某物给某人”,故B项正确。

  答案:B

  5.assess vt.评价;评估;评判;评定

  精讲拓展

  assess at估价,核定

  assess a tax at...核定税额为……

  典型例句

  It’s difficult to assess the effects of the new legislation just yet.

  现在还难以评价新法令的效果。[朗文当代]

  He’s so lazy that it’s difficult to assess his ability.

  他懒惰得很难对他的能力作出评估。[朗文当代]

  They assessed the cost of the flood damage at £1,500.

  他们估定洪水造成的损失为1 500英镑。(剑桥高阶)

  词语辨析

  assess/value/evaluate/estimate

  (1)assess通常表示“估计”出某物的价值,以便有效地利用它。

  (2)value指“估计某物的价值、价格”,用于一般人所作的“估计”.

  (3)evaluate很少用来表示“估价”或“估计”某物的市场价值,而是表示“评价”。

  (4)estimate表示的“估价”或“估计”只是猜测,多多少少有些不准确的估计,甚至只是一种想法。

  The value of this property was assessed at one million dollars.这财产的价值估定为一百万美元。

  He valued the ring at $80.他估计这枚戒指值80美元。

  By marks in numbers or letters,the teacher evaluates a student’s work.

  老师用数字或字母的符号来评价学生的作业。

  We got two or three estimates before having the roof repaired.

  我们修理屋顶之前先找了两三家估价。

  即学即用

  ⑨She looked at the house and ________ its price at 200,000

  yuan.

  A.fixed

  B.accessed

  C.evaluated

  D.assessed

  解析:词语辨析考查。fix“修理”;access入口,进入获

  取;evaluate“评价”;assess“估计”;句意为:她看了看

  房子估价为二十万元。

  答案:D

  6.rescue vt.&n.拯救;救援;营救

  精讲拓展

  rescue sb.from将某人从……中解救出来

  come/go to one’s rescue援救或帮助某人

  典型例句

  She died when trying to rescue her children from the blaze.

  她在试图从大火中救出自己的孩子时身亡。[朗文当代]

  Hundreds are still in the water,waiting to be rescued.

  数以百计的人仍在水中,等待救援。[朗文当代]

  A rescue team is trying to reach the trapped miners.

  营救队正设法到达矿工被困的位置。[朗文当代]

  I didn’t know anybody at the party,but the hostess came to

  my rescue(=helped me out of a difficult situation) by

  introducing me to a few people.

  在聚会上我谁也不认识,但女主人过来救了我的驾,把我介

  绍给几个客人。[剑桥高阶]

  词语辨析

  rescue/save

  (1)rescue多指在直接的危险或祸患中给予迅速而有效的救

  援,一般指救人。

  (2)save是普通而含义广泛的常用词,指通过救援不但使受害

  者(人、动物或物)能脱离危险或祸患,而且使其在今后能安

  全地生存下去,有时可与rescue通用。

  He sacrificed his life to rescue another.

  他为了救别人而牺牲了自己的生命。

  I saved the animals from the flood.

  我把动物从洪水中救了出来。

  即学即用

  The lifeboat was sent out to________ the sailors from the sinking ship.

  A.rescue

  B.prevent

  C.protect

  D.keep

  解析:句意为:救生艇已被派出去营救沉船中的水手。rescue“营救”;prevent“阻止”;protect“保护”;keep“保持,保存”。通过分析可知A项正确。

  答案:A

  ⑩

  7.primitive adj.原始的;简陋的

  精讲拓展

  (1)同义词:original adj.最初的,原始的

  (2)反义词:present adj.现在的;

  modern adj.近代的,现代的

  (3) primitive有两方面的含义:

  ①表示某事物远古的。如:

  They found a primitive tool in the mountain.

  他们在山上发现一件原始工具。

  ②表示某工具粗糙的、简陋的。如:

  The natives of that region still live in primitive straw huts.

  那个地区的居民依然住在简陋的茅草屋里。

  典型例句

  Primitive man made himself primitive tools from sharp stones and animal bones.

  原始人用尖石块和兽骨为自己制作原始的工具。[朗文当代]

  Small seashells were often used as a primitive kind of money.

  小贝壳常被用作简单的货币。[朗文当代]

  Early settlers had to cope with very primitive living conditions.

  早期殖民者不得不应付非常原始的生存条件。[剑桥高阶]

  即学即用

  ⑪Living conditions in the village are still quite ________.

  A.modern

  B.primitive

  C.theoretical

  D.far­reaching

  解析:本题考查词语辨析。句意为:在这个村庄的生活条件仍

  然是非常简单朴素的。modern“现代的”,primitive“原始的”;

  theoretical“理论上的;假设的”;far­reaching“影响深远的”。

  答案:B

  8.permit vt.允许,准许

  精讲拓展

  同义词:allow vt.允许;反义词:forbid vt.禁止

  permit sth./doing sth.允许某事/做某事

  permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事

  警示误区:permit的过去式,过去分词须双写最后一个

  字母t再加ed,即:permitted,permitted。它的现在分

  词为permitting。

  词语辨析

  permit/allow/let/promise

  (1)permit指强调权威性的正式批准。常用句型“permit sb.to do

  sth.”或“permit doing sth.”。

  (2)allow意为“允许”,暗含有默许,放纵之意。常用句型“allow

  sb.to do sth.”或“allow doing sth.”。

  (3)let指允许或无力阻止某事,暗指对某事采取漠不关心,听之任之的态度。常用句型“let sb.do sth.”。

  (4)promise主语允诺要干某事。常用句型

  “promise sb.to do/promise that...”。

  注意:可以说allow/permit sb.to do sth.不能说allow/permit to do

  sth.。类似的动词还有:advise,consider,forbid 等 。

  Smoking is not allowed here.此处不许吸烟。

  Smoking is not permitted here.此处禁止吸烟。

  The nurse allowed him to remain there,though it was not permitted.

  护士允许他呆在那里,尽管这是不允许的。

  Don’t let your child play with matches.别让孩子玩火柴 。

  典型例句

  The prison authorities permit visiting only once a month.

  监狱部门只允许一月探监一次。[剑桥高阶]