2024届高三英语第二轮复习考点精讲精炼 第4讲 单项选择——形容词和副词

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2024届高三英语第二轮复习考点精讲精炼 第4讲  单项选择——形容词和副词

  2024届高三英语第二轮复习考点精讲精炼

  单项选择——形容词和副词

  形容词、副词的位置以及易混淆的形容词、副词的用法.形容词、副词的比较级结构;形容词、副词前面使用冠词的情况以及倍数的表达方法在比较状语从句中,所比较的人或事物之间的合理逻辑关系比较级的省略以及插入问题复合形容词的用法形容词的辨析

  (延边F)经典易错题会诊

  (延边F)命题角度1

  (延边F)形容词、副词的位置以及易混淆的形容词、副词的用法

  1. (延边F) (典型例题精选reen products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally

  A. friendly

  B. various

  C. common

  D. changeable

  (延边F) [考场错解]

  D

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  由于不能正确理解句意becoming,易和 changeable联系起来,所以造成错选D项。friendly友好的;various不同的,各式各样的;common普通的,常见的; changeable易变的。本句表达:因为绿色产品对环境友好,所以越来越受欢迎。

  (延边F) [对症下药]

  A

  2. (延边F) (典型例题精选)—How is everything going on with you in

  Europe?

  —Quite well. Not so smoothly as I hoped,

  A. though

  B. instead

  C. either

  D. too

  (延边F) [考场错解]

  B

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  本题考查在具体语境中易混淆副词的含义和用法。根据句意“非常好。不过,没有期望的那样顺利。”这里though用作副词,意为“然而,不过”。

  (延边F) [对症下药]

  A

  3. (延边F) ( 典型例题精选 ) The

  house smells as if it hash' t been lived in for years.

  A. little white wooden

  B. little wooden white

  C. white wooden little

  D. wooden white little

  [考场错解]

  B

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  此题考查形容词排列顺序问题。由于受汉语的影响易错选B。关于多个形容词的排列参看下面的“专家会诊”。

  (延边F) [对症下药]A

  4. (延边F) (典型例题精选—Did you enjoy yourself at the party?

  —Yes. I' ve never been to

  one before.

  A. a more excited

  B. the most excited

  C. a more exciting

  D. the most exciting

  (延边F) [考场错解]

  D

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  本题考查形容词或副词比较级作定语的用法,同时亦考查否定词与比较级连用的意义和用法。比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。根据题意C正确。

  (延边F) [对症下药]

  C

  5. (延边F) (典型例题精选 Although she did not know Boston well, she

  made her way

  to the Home Cirele Building.

  A. easy enough

  B. enough easy

  C. easily enough

  D. enough easily

  (延边F) [考场错解]

  D

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  本句考查enough修饰副词的用法。副词enough修饰形容词或副词时一般放在其后面。故C项正确。错选D是受了汉语思维的影响。

  (延边F) [对症下药]

  C

  6. (延边F) (典型例题精选) It is

  any wonder that his friend doesn' t like watching television much.

  A. no

  B. such

  C. nearly

  D. hardly

  (延边F) [考场错解]

  A

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  此题考查no wonder一词用法。译为“难怪”,既然中间插入any,我们知道no=not any,因此,填空处需要一个not即可,而hardly=almost not,故D正确。

  (延边F) [对症下药]

  D

  (延边F)专家会诊

  1 (延边F)英语中某些副词短语的意义和用法很重要。

  这类短语常见的还有:

  not a little, not a bit, not more

  than, no more than, too much, much too, by far, more than,more than, no less than, not less than 等, 在平常练习中要加以注意。

  2.(延边F)意义相近的形容词和副词的用法要加以注

  意: hard, hardly ; deep, deeply ; high, highly ; dead, deadly; most, mostly; fair, fairly; quite, fair]y, rather; ahnost, nearly; such 等。

  3.(延边F)多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时,多用下列顺序:性质+大小+形状+新旧+颜色,有时也要看与名词的密切关系,越密切越靠近名词。多个词同时作前置定语时的一般排列规律是:代词性定语+冠9-V指示/物主/所有格+数词(先序后基)+形容词+国籍/材f4/用途形容词或名词或动名词+被修饰的名词。如:a charming small round old brownFrench oak writing table.

  (延边F)考场思维训练

  1 (延边F) Excuse me, but can I borrow your

  pencil-box?

  A. blue cheap plastic

  B. cheap blue plastic

  C. plastic blue cheap

  D. plastic cheap blue

  1.B解析:最近的是材料,最远的是一般性描绘形容词cheap。

  2 (延边F) Mr. Evans is

  wise than smart. Few people can solve such a problem.

  A. no less

  B. no more

  C. less

  D. more

  2.D解析:more…than…与其说……不如说……。

  3(延边F) They found there was

  to weigh such an elephant.

  A. big enough nothing

  B. nothing enough big

  C. enough nothing big

  D. nothing big enough

  3.D解析:修饰不定代词时,形容词要后置,cnough修饰形容词或副词时,也要后置。

  (延边F)命题角度2

  (延边F)形容词、副词的比较级结构;形容词、副词前面使用冠词的情况以及倍数的表达方法

  1. (延边F) (典型例题精选 ) David has won the first prize in singing ; he is still very excited now and feels

  desire to go to

  bed.

  A. the most

  B. more

  C. worse

  D. the least

  (延边F) [考场错解]A或c

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  解答本题首先要理解语境。David刚刚获奖,还很兴奋,那么睡觉的欲望当然是很少了。the least表示“最少的”的意思。

  (延边F) [对症下药]

  D

  2. (延边F) (典型例题精选)John is the tallest boy in the class,

  __ according to himself.

  A. five foot eight as tall as

  B. as tall as five foot eight

  C. as five foot eight tall as

  D. as tall five foot eight as

  (延边F) [考场错解]

  A

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  名词foot在口语中和用作定语时复数形式可以是foot或feet。在“as...aS”结构中,第一个as是副词,修饰形容词或副词,强调程度,后一个as引导比较状语从句。

  (延边F) [对症下药]

  B

  3. (延边F) ( 典型例题精选 ) Jenny has a good appetite recently.

  She kept weighing herself to see how much

  she was getting.

  A. heavier

  B. heavy

  C. the heavier

  D. the heaviest

  (延边F) [考场错解]

  B

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  本题最容易出错的地方是考生难以理解句意中暗含的比较,常常误选B。因此,读懂题干是关键。Jenny所做的目的是“看看(比以前)重了多少”。

  (延边F) [对症下药]

  A

  4. (延边F) ( 典型例题精选 ) I think whoever makes

  contributions to the company than others should get

  income.

  A. greater; the higher

  B. more greater; a higher

  C. greater; the highest

  D. more greater; the highest

  (延边F) [考场错解]B或D

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  在解答本题时,如果没有把握好第一空和第二空的比较关系,那么就会导致错选D或B。比其“他人的收入都要高”,所以是最高级了。

  (延边F) [对症下药] C

  5. (延边F) (典型例题精选f the two sisters, Betty is

  one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.

  A. a younger

  B. a youngest

  C. the younger

  D. the youngest

  (延边F) [考场错解]

  A

  (延边F) [专家把脉]

  本题考查形容词的比较级用法。比较的范围已经给出of the two sisters,故排除B和D表示两个中较……的一个,应是特指,应该用定冠词the,所以A不对。

  (延边F) [对症下药]

  C

  专家会诊

  1.(延边F)形容词和副词比较级和最高级前的冠词用法:形容词最高级前须加the,副词最高级前可用可不用。做表语的形容词前如果没有比较范围和比较对象也可省去the,比较级在特指意义时须加the,泛指时可数单数须加a/an.most+原级形容词的结构中,前面用不定冠词a,arI或无冠词时,并非是最高级意思,most意思为"very(非常)”。

  2.(延边F)形容词比较级的倍数表达方式:比较级修饰词+as+adj./adv.+as和比较级修饰词+as+ many/much+n.+眠在“在"as…as”结构中,第一个 as是副词,修饰形容词或副词,强调程度。当某些副词如so,as,too,how等用来修饰名词前的形容词时,不定冠词放在该形容词之后,名词之前。后一个 as引导比较状语从句。表示倍数的三个句型是:

  (1)…times as+形容词原级+as…如:

  This table is three times as bis as that one.

  (2)…times the+性质名词+以..如:

  This table is three times the size of that one.

  (3)…times+形容词比较级+than…,如:

  This table is thtee timcx$bigger than that one.

  3.(延边F)比较级前可以用even,stm,a bit/little, mach,a lot,far,by far,no,not,any等修饰,表示程度。最高级前可以有序数词,by far,nearly, almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like等来修饰。如:

  一Is your father any better?你父亲好一点了吗?

  一Yes,mileh better.是的,好多了o

  I’d like to buy the second most expensive lap- top.

  4.(延边F)形容词副词比较的对象应该相同但不能相互包容。常用以下结构形式:

  比较级+than+any other+单数名词:比较级+than+all(the)other+复数名词:比较级+than+any one else:比较级+than+any

  of the other+复数名词。如:

  China is larger than any other country in Asia / all the other countries in Asia.

  The weather here is colder than that of Huang- gang.

  The computers made in our factory are better than those in your factory.

  (延边F)考场思维训练

  1

  (延边F)You'd better go and buy some tomatoes for the dinner

  party, for you see, there are

  tomatoes left in the basket than I imagined.

  A. far more

  B. far fewer

  C. many more

  D. many fewer

  1.B解析:far修饰比较级。

  2 (延边F)— Are you satisfied with his work?

  — Well, I' m afraid it couldn' t be

  .

  A. any better

  B. the best

  C. any worse

  D. the worst

  2.D解析:否定词和比较级连用相当于最高级。

  (延边F)探究开放题解答

  (延边F)综合问题l

  (延边F)在比较状语从句中。所比较的人或事物之间的合理逻辑关系

  1. (延边F)Shanghai has a larger population

  in China.

  A. than any city

  B. than any cities

  C. than any other city

  D. than all other city

  (延边F) [解答] C

  注意比较的范围是in china而Shanghai是中国的城市之一,故用any other。

  (延边F)规律总结

  对三个或三个以上的人或事进行比较,也可用“比较级+the+any other”的结构。在类似这样的比较中,要避免不合逻辑的比较。

  (延边F)综合问题2

  (延边F)比较级的省略以及插入问题。

  1. (延边F)Her health is

  A. as poor as, if not poorer than, her sister' s

  B. as poor as, if not poorer than, her sister

  C. poor as her sister, if not poorer

  D. as poor, if not poorer than, her sister' s

  (延边F) [解答]

  A

  (延边F) [解题思路]

  在第一个比较未完成以前,不应该插入另一个比较。同时选项B中her health不能和her sister相比。选项 C在形容词前缺少as,否则也是正确的。再如:The cell-phone in the other shop will be cheaper,but not as good.(后面省略了as the ones in this shop.)

  (延边F)规律总结

  对付此类省略的试题,最好的做法是将原句补充完整,答案便会一目了然。

  (延边F)综合问题3

  (延边F)复合形容词的用法

  1.(延边F)Many students signed up for tlle

  race meeting to be held next week.-

  A.800 meter-long

  B.800-meters-long-

  C.800 meter-length

  D.800-meter-length

  (延边F) [解答]

  A

  (延边F)规律总结

  复合形容词具备一般形容词的性质。根据形容词的构成,形容词可以分为单词形容词和复合形容词,如good和looking组成good-lookn,well和known组成well-known,以及数词+单数名词+形容词构成,如five-year-otd,在句中可以用作定语或表语。

  (延边F)综合问题4

  (延边F)形容词的辨新

  1. (延边F) —Why didn' t you buy the camera you had longed for?

  —I had planned to, but I was£50

  A. fewer

  B. less

  C. cheap

  D. short

  (延边F) [解答]

  D本题考查形容词在具体语境中的辨别使用。其语义为“我还缺50英镑”。而如果用fewer或 less,在本句中或上下文中都缺少比较成分,故不成立。 che印的主语应该是物而不应该是价格,因此空格处用 short作后置定语,意为“不足的,缺少的”。

  (延边F)规律总结

  理清各成分之间的逻辑关系,把握语境意义是做好此类题的关键。