2024届高考英语冲刺综合训练解析18
1．quantity n．量；数量；数目，数额
__________ n．质量
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in quantity大量
It’s a lot cheaper if you buy it in quantity.
如果你大量购买要便宜得多。活学活用
(1) Large quantities of good soil ________________________ by the flood.
大量的肥沃土壤被洪水冲走。
(2)—Rose lost her job again.
—Don’t worry.There is ________ work for girls of her age.(2011·衡阳月考)
A．too much B．a number ofC．plenty of
D．quantity of
2．addicted入了迷的；上了瘾的
_________ vt.使沉溺，使成瘾；嗜好；n.入迷的人，成瘾的人
________ n．入迷，上瘾
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(1)While his wife was in hospital in the United States，he got totally addicted to alcohol.(2010·福建，阅读理解A)
当他的妻子在美国生病住院时，他彻底地染上了酒瘾。
(2)They are rock music addicts.他们是摇滚乐迷。活学活用
(1)He liked playing online games so much that it didn’t take him long to become
①______________(染上，上瘾) them.The ________(瘾) to games is taking over his life.So he is really a game ________(对……入迷的人)．
(2)She is ____________ (沉迷于) television programs.
(3)________ computer games made his mother worried.
A．The child was addicted to playing
B．The child’s being addicted to playing
C．The child’s being addicted to play
D．The child addicted to playing
3．name vt.命名，给……取名；叫出……的名字，列举；n.名字；名称；姓名；名声；名义
________ adv.即；也就是说
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As a child，Jack studied in a village school，which is named after his grandfather.(2010·课标全国卷，24)
孩提时代，杰克在一所乡村学校学习，该学校以他祖父的名字命名。活学活用
(1)He writes ________________ Han Han.
他以“韩寒”这个名字发表著作。
(2)He has been ____________ monitor.
他已被提名为班长。
(3)He _________________________ (根据……给他女儿取名为Rachel) his grandmother.
(4)The capital of the USA is a completely newlydesigned city，________ its first president，Washington.
A．named after
B．naming after
C．to name after
D．being named after4.point n．点；位置；尖端；要点；v.指向；瞄准；指出
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(1)to the point切题的；中肯的
off the point不切题的，离题的
be on the point of doing sth.(when...)正要做某事的时候(，……)
There is no point in doing sth.做某事没有必要(意义)
come/get to the point谈正题
(2)point to指向
point at指着
point out
These are small points，though，and don’t affect the main discussion.(2010·湖北，阅读理解D)
不过这些都是小问题，不影响主要的论点。活学活用
(1)I ______________________________ when the phone rang.
我正要走的时候，电话铃响了。
(2)We were ①________________ (正要) leaving the classroom when the teacher ②______________ (指出) that we should spend some time reviewing our lessons during the long holiday.We all thought that his suggestion was totally ③______________ (中肯的)．
(3)—You’d better go and try to persuade him to come to our party tonight.
—There’s no________ in talking to him.He never listens.(2010·芜湖模拟)
A．worth
B．usageC．point
D．good5．wonder n．奇迹；奇观；惊奇；vi.&vt.对……感到惊讶；惊奇；想知道
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活学活用
(1)Have you ever ______________ people’s names?
您可曾琢磨过人们的名字？
(2)I ____________ his rudeness.
我对他的粗鲁感到奇怪。
(3)__________ he is not hungry；he has been eating sweets all day.
难怪他不饿，他一整天都在吃糖果。
(4)I ________________ you could do me a favor.
我想知道你是否愿意帮我一个忙。
(5)He hasn’t slept at all for three days.________that he is tired out.
A．There is pointB．There is no need
C．It is no wonderD．It is no way6．sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的；严厉的
__________ v．磨快；使敏捷
__________ n．削具；磨具
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The volcano left ash and sharp，glasslike rocks all over the countryside.(2009·辽宁，阅读理解C)
火山(喷发后)留下的火山灰和玻璃状的锋利岩石遍及村野。活学活用
(1)The teacher ________________________ the children when they visited the zoo.
孩子们到动物园参观时，老师紧紧地盯着他们。
(2)He was rather ______________ his secretary when she got back late from lunch.
他的秘书出去吃午饭回来迟了，他对她表现得相当不客气。
(3)Although I usually get on well with my uncle，he can have a________ tongue occasionally.
A．good
B．badC．sharp
D．smart7.accompany vt.陪伴，陪同；伴随
__________ n．陪伴；做伴
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I must ask you to accompany me to the police station.
我必须请你陪我去警察局。活学活用
(1)I’ll stay here and __________________.
我留下来陪你。
(2)He had a fever ________________ headache.
他发烧并伴有头疼。
(3)Tomorrow the mayor is to ________ a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.
A．coordinate
B．accompanyC．cooperate
D．associate8．measure vt.&vi.测量，度量；n.尺寸；措施
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(1)Mother measured me to see what size of dress I wear.
母亲给我量好尺寸，好知道我穿多大号的衣服。
(2)The tailor made a coat for me to my measure.
裁缝依照我的尺寸为我做了一件上衣。活学活用
(1)_________²耀___________ should be taken to improve our work.
应该采取有效措施提高工作效率。
(2)The coat，which is surely not made ________ your own measure，is much too loose for you.
A．to
B．by
C．in
D．for
(3)The cloth________easily if________on a table.
A．measures；spreadingB．measures；spread
C．will be
measured；spreadD．has been measured；spread9．take down记下来；拆掉
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Learning English takes up a lot of my time.
学习英语占去了我大量的时间。活学活用
(1)They are all different，but once you ____________ the outside，they’re pretty much the same on the inside.它们都是不一样的，但是一旦你脱去它们的外层，它们的内在是完全一样的。
(2)The bank has been ____________ by the government.
这家银行已经被政府接管了。
(3)After studying in a medical college for five years，Jane________ her job as a doctor in the countryside.
A．set out
B．took overC．took up
D．set up
(4)Some insects ______ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.(2011·陕西，25)
A．take in
B．take offC．take on
D．take out10．let out发出；泄露(秘密等)；把(衣服)改大
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(1)Throwing their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
伴随着获胜队的粉丝们胜利的欢呼声，大家都将帽子抛向了空中。
(2)“Let go of me，”she said fiercely.
“放开我，”她极为气愤地说道。活学活用
(1)I hardly had time to think these days，__________ relax.
我现在几乎都没时间思考，更不用说休息了。
(2)These trousers are too tight.I’m going to______ them________.(2011·无锡调研)
A．make；out
B．pick；outC．let；out
D．give；out
(3)The secret ________ and the public came to know the truth.
A．let out
B．was let outC．let down
D．was let down11．Have you ever seen a doctor？If so，what happened?
译文：______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
句式提取：If so...
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if any如果有的话
if a day如果有一天
if anything说起来嘛；要说呢
if ever即使，曾经
if not否则，要不然
if not...即使不是……
if necessary如果必要的话,活学活用
(1)Correct errors，__________.
如有错误，请改正。
(2)Call me again，____________.
如果有必要的话，再给我打电话。
(3)________，that will be wonderful.
果真如此，那太好了。
(4)—I hear that Bai Shan can’t afford his school fees this fall.
—________，let’s do something for him.(2011·常州模拟)
A．If so
B．Where possible
C．When necessary
D．What a shame12．If you open up any medicine cupboard in the world，there is a high probability that you will find aspirin and penicillin.
译文：_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
句式提取：...there is a high probability that...
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(1)能接同位语从句的名词有：belief，fact，hope，idea，doubt，news，conclusion，suggestion，problem，order，explanation，information，thought等。
(2)同位语从句一般用that引导，但也可以用连接代词(what，which，who)、连接副词(when，where，why，how)或whether引导。
(3)有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后，而是被别的词隔开。活学活用
(1)The news ________________________________________ is very encouraging.
我们应邀去参加那个会议的消息很令人鼓舞。
(2)They are faced with the problem ________________________________________.
他们面临着是否应该继续这项工作的问题。
(3)I have ________________ he did it.
我不知道他是如何做的。
(4)When the news came ________ the war broke out，he decided to serve in the army.(2011·辽宁，32)
A．since
B．whichC．that
D．because
(5)Information has been put forward________more high school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A．while
B．that
C．when
D．as
1．quality
活学活用
(1)have been washed away
(2)C [此处句意应为“有许多她这个年龄的女孩子做的工作”；too much后跟不可数名词，表“太多”，不合题意；a number of修饰可数名词复数；D应改为a quantity of；plenty of许多，可修饰不可数名词。]
2．addict；addiction
活学活用
(1)①addicted to ②addiction ③addict
(2)addicted to
(3)B [句意为：那个小孩沉迷于计算机游戏使他的妈妈很担心。可知，应是“某事使妈妈担心”，应选B项。动名词的复合结构作主语。]
3．namely
活学活用
(1)under the name of (2)named as
(3)named his daughter Rachel after
(4)A [name sth.after sb.以某人的名字来命名，这里是过去分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句which was named...。]
4．活学活用
(1)was on the point of leaving
(2)①on the point of ②pointed out ③to the point
(3)C [There is no point in doing sth.做某事没必要，固定句型。]
5．活学活用
(1)wondered about (2)wonder at
(3)No wonder (4)wonder whether
(5)C
6．sharpen；sharpener
活学活用
(1)kept a sharp watch on (2)sharp with
(3)C [句意为：虽然通常我和我的叔叔相处地很好，但他有时说话尖酸刻薄。sharp指“讽刺，挖苦”。]
7．company
活学活用
(1)keep you company (2)accompanied with
(3)B [accompany sb.陪伴某人。]
8．活学活用
(1)Effective measures
(2)A [make...to one’s own measure根据某人自己的尺寸做……。]
(3)B [由句子的意思“如果把布铺到桌子上，就容易测量了。”知measure应为不及物动词，而spread为及物动词，且过去式、过去分词和原形一致，和cloth构成被动关系。]
9．活学活用
(1)take off (2)taken over
(3)C [句意为：在一家医学院学习五年之后，Jane在农村干起了医生。take up从事……，符合句意。]
(4)C [句意为：有些昆虫可以变成它们周围环境的颜色以保护自己。take on呈现(某种性质、样子等)，符合句意。take in收留(某人)；欺骗；吸收；包括；理解；take off(飞机等)起飞；脱掉(衣服等)；(观念、产品等)突然大受欢迎；take out取出，均不合句意。]
10．活学活用
(1)let alone
(2)C [句意为：裤子太紧，我将把它们改大。let out把……改大，符合句意。]
(3)B [let out泄密；let down使失望。句意为：秘密被泄露了，公众知道了真相。]
11．你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？
活学活用
(1)if any (2)if necessary (3)If so
(4)A [后句句意为：如果是这样的话，我们就帮帮他吧。If so相当于“If Bai Shan can’t afford his school fees”。根据句意可知答案选A项。]
12．倘若打开世界上任何一个药柜，你很可能就会发现阿司匹林和青霉素。
活学活用
(1)that we are invited to the conference
(2)whether they should continue the work
