【最后抢分】2024年高考临门一脚 题型专练：省略和倒装 Word版含解析

　　省略和倒装考点归纳

　　省略

　　考点一、状语从句中的省略

　　(1) 当主句主语与从句主语相同(或从句主语为it)，并且从句谓语中含be动词，常将从句主语和be动词省略，构成省略形式。

　　(2) as / than引导比较状语从句时，从句通常使用省略形式。如：He earns less than his wife (does).

　　When _____ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. (2024安徽)

　　A. asking

　　B. asked

　　C. having asked

　　D. to be asked

　　解析：BWhen引导的状语从句，When he was asked for his views about his teaching job。

　　考点二、动词不定式的省略

　　(1)在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定式作补足语时将不定式符号to省略。

　　【考例】

　　The director had her assistant _____ some hot dogs for the meeting.

　　A. picked up

　　B. picks up

　　C. pick up

　　D. picking up

　　解析： C。句 中had是使役动词，to。

　　(2) 在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，可以只保留不定式符号to。

　　【考例】

　　The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _____. (2024课标1)

　　A. not to do

　　B. not to

　　C. not do

　　D. do not

　　解析：B “在路边停车”这一动作前面已经提到，：… but was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside.

　　[] 句式would have done sth, should have done sth, ought to have done sth, needn’t have done sth, used to be...等省略形式为 would have, should have, ought to have, needn’t have, used to be。要保留不定式后的have或be。如：

　　—Are you a sailor?

　　—No, but I used to be (a sailor).

　　so / not

　　英语中常用so / not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，I’m afraid / I hope / I think / I guess / I believe / I expect / I suppose等开头的答语中，： if so / if not

　　【考例1】

　　—Everybody is going to climb the mountain. Can I go too, mom?

　　—_____ Wait till you are old enough, dear. (2010全国I)

　　A. Will you?

　　B. Why not?

　　C. I hope so.

　　D. I’m afraid not.

　　解析： D，： I don’t think so. = I think not. I don’t expect so. = I expect not.

　　2】

　　—The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?

　　—_____.

　　A. I guess not so

　　B. I don’t guess

　　C. I don’t guess so

　　D. I guess not

　　解析：DI guess not 中的not 并不是否定动词guess的，，： (that) the boys are not doing a good job at all. ， I guess not“我不这么猜想”，“我想是的”或“我看他们干得不好”。

　　考点四、情景交际中的省略

　　在情景对话中，常常省略大家都知道的内容或不会引起歧义的部分，只保留主干部分或关键词。

　　【考例】

　　—Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.

　　—Sure. _____. (2024四川)

　　A. I did

　　B. I do

　　C. I shall

　　D. I will

　　解析：D。答语句意：当然，我会的。I will后面省略了come back again sometime。

　　倒装

　　考点一、完全倒装

　　(一)在here, there, now, then, away, down, in, up, off, out等副词开头的句子中(主语一般为名词，be, come, go, run等)，

　　【考例】

　　Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _____. (2009上海)

　　A. fleeing the thief

　　B. was fleeing the thief

　　C. the thief was fleeing

　　D. fled the thief

　　解析：D。句意：一听到狗叫得厉害，小偷赶紧逃走了。副词away位于句头，使用完全倒装。

　　(二) 地点状语位于句首时，主语为名词且谓语动词为不及物动词(如lie, stand, sit等)，常使用完全倒装句式。

　　【考例】

　　At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _____, one of the ten largest cities in China.

　　A. lies Chongqing

　　B. Chongqing lies

　　C. does lie Chongqing

　　D. does Chongqing lie

　　解析：A。句意：At no time _____ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. (2024辽宁)

　　A. they actually broke

　　B. do they actually break

　　C. did they actually break

　　D. they had actually broken

　　解析：COnly with the greatest of luck _____ to escape from the rising flood waters. (2024上海)

　　A. managed she

　　B. she managed

　　C. did she manage

　　D. she did manage

　　解析：C。句意：她最终逃脱了上涨的洪水，只是因为运气极佳。

　　(三) 在so…that句型中，如果so引导的部分位于句首，则主句要使用部分倒装。

　　【考例】

　　So sudden _____ that the enemy had no time to escape.

　　A. did the attack

　　B. the attack did

　　C. was the attack

　　D. the attack was

　　解析：C。句意：这次袭击非常突然以至于敌人没有时间逃跑。sudden是形容词，在句中作表语，故动词应用was。

　　(四) as或though引导让步状语从句置于句首时引起的部分倒装(although不能引导倒装)。其倒装句型是：表语(形容词或单个名词)/ 状语 / 谓语中的行为动词(动词原形)＋as / though＋主语＋…。

　　【考例】

　　Hot _____ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. (2024陕西)

　　A. although B. as

　　C. while

　　D. however

　　解析：BHot as the night air was尽管夜晚的空气很热。

　　(五) so / neither / nor位于句首表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物， so 用于肯定情况，neither / nor用于否定情况。其句型是： so / neither / nor＋ / 系动词 / 情态动词＋

　　【考例】

　　Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _____.

　　A. I was neither

　　B. neither was I

　　C. I was either

　　D. either was I

　　解析：B，neither构成倒装。

　　注：(1) “neither／nor＋助动词／系动词／情态动词＋主语”结构，有时也表示连续的否定。如：

　　1】

　　The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor _____ it a thought.

　　A. does he even give

　　B. he even gives

　　C. will he even give

　　D. he will even give

　　解析：C。句意：校长不会允许课程中有改变，他甚至不会考虑这事。句子前半部分中使用助动词will，后面应与其保持一致。

　　【考例2】

　　This is not my story, nor _____ the whole story. My story plays out differently.

　　A. is there

　　B. there is

　　C. is it

　　D. it is

　　解析：Cit代指前面的This，nor

　　(2) neither…nor…连接并列成分，neither和nor放于句首，Neither does he work hard, nor is he interested in math.

　　Neither he nor I am a student.

　　(3) 表示对对方所说的话加以肯定或赞同时，不用倒装语序，意为“的确，真的”。如 ：

　　—John is very polite. 约翰很有礼貌。—So he is. 他确实如此。

　　(4) 当前面有两个(或两个以上)不同动作也适用于后者时，常用“so + it + be + with + sb”结构。

　　(六) hardly…when / no sooner…than / not until等连接复合句时，如果hardly, no sooner, not until放于句首，主句使用部分倒装，从句不倒装； not only…but also连接并列分句时，如果not only放于句首, 前一个分句使用部分倒装，后一个分句不倒装。

　　【考例1】

　　Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _____ having a holiday abroad.

　　A. he had considered B. had he considered

　　C. he considered

　　D. did he consider

　　解析：DNot until位于句首时，，

　　【考例2】

　　The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _____, but students became more interested in the lessons.

　　A. saved was teachers’ energy

　　B. was teachers’ energy saved

　　C. teachers’ energy was saved

　　D. was saved teachers’ energy

　　解析：Bnot only…but also…连接并列分句，not only

　　【考例3】

　　—Did Linda see the traffic accident?

　　—No, no sooner _____ than it happened.

　　A. had she gone

　　B. she had gone

　　C. has she gone

　　D. she has gone

　　解析：Ano sooner…than句型，no sooner位于句首时，： Outside the doctor’s clinic were 20 patients.

　　1. —How about going for a walk?

　　—_____ great. Let’s get going.

　　A. Sound

　　B. Sounding

　　C. To sound

　　D. Sounds

　　2. —I didn’t go to the party yesterday.

　　—Oh, but you _____.

　　A. ought to

　　B. should have

　　C. must have

　　D. should

　　3. — Can you still catch the last bus?

　　— I’m afraid _____. It left ten minutes ago.

　　A. so

　　B. not to

　　C. not

　　D. that not

　　4. _____ word by word, needless to say, the passage will be difficult to understand.

　　A. If translating

　　B. Having translated C. If translated

　　D. To translate

　　5. I like this red bike better than that black one, but it costs almost twice _____.

　　A. as much

　　B. as many

　　C. so much

　　D. so many

　　6. He has been out of work for half a year. Do you know the difficulty he has _____ the family?

　　A. supported

　　B. supporting

　　C. to support

　　D. support

　　7. It’s recommended that the plan he put forward _____ discussed at the next meeting.

　　A. be

　　B. would be

　　C. was

　　D. must be

　　8. Mary opened the door. There _____ she had never seen before.

　　A. a boy did stand

　　B. a boy stood

　　C. did a boy stand

　　D. stood a boy

　　9. Under the tree _____ of about ten, who was waiting for his mother to come back.

　　A. a boy sat

　　B. did a boy sit

　　C. sat a boy

　　D. a boy did sit

　　10. I’m very sorry. _____ you are a vegetarian (吃素的人), I wouldn’t have cooked this pork for you.

　　A. Had I known

　　B. Did I know

　　C. I had known D. I knew

　　11. —Will Peter go to the party?

　　—If Mary doesn’t go, _____.

　　A. so will he

　　B. neither will he C. neither he does

　　D. so he will

　　12. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. _____ his aunt.

　　A. So it is

　　B. So is it with

　　C. So is it

　　D. So it is with

　　13. Never in my life _____ such delicious food. Can you tell me how you cooked it?

　　A. I have had

　　B. had I

　　C. have I had

　　D. I had

　　14. —May I have permission to leave the table?

　　—Not until _____ their food.

　　A. has everyone finished

　　B. everyone has finished

　　C. will everyone finish

　　D. everyone will finish

　　15. As far as I know, not only is he interested in science, but also _____ a gift for music.

　　A. has he

　　B. does he have C. does have he

　　D. he has

　　16. It’s years since we last saw each other. So much _____ that I can hardly recognize him.

　　A. has he changed

　　B. he has changed

　　C. he does change D. he changes

　　17. Only when you have learned a lesson from failure _____ greater progress.

　　A. can you make

　　B. you can make

　　C. you will make D. you make

　　18. _____, she couldn’t work out the maths problem. So she turned to her teacher for help.

　　A. Might she as try

　　B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Try as she might

　　19. The customer said that no sooner _____ the computer than it stopped working.

　　A. he had started

　　B. had he started

　　C. has he started D. he started

　　20. No matter how _____ outside, he insisted on going to the railway station to meet his friend.

　　A. heavily was it raining

　　B. it was raining heavily

　　C. heavily it was raining

　　D. was it raining heavily

　　21. As far as we know, Tom spends at least as much time chatting on line as he _____ his homework.

　　A. does doing

　　B. does

　　C. doing

　　D. does to do

　　22. I’m sorry I hurt you. I didn’t mean _____.

　　A. to do

　　B. to

　　C. doing

　　D. doing so

　　23. —Is Peter coming with us？

　　—I hope _____. He is really interesting.

　　A. that B. it

　　C. not

　　D. so

　　24. Hardly _____ our walk when it began to rain.

　　A. we began

　　B. we had begun C. had we begun D. have we begun

　　25. Mr. Black was teaching math in a college last year and he still _____ now.

　　A. does

　　B. do

　　C. was

　　D. is

　　参考答案及解析:

　　1-5 DBCCA

　　6-10 BADCA11-15 BDCBD 16-20 AADBC 21-25 ABDCD

　　1. D。句中省略主语。Sounds great.=It sounds great. 听起来不错。

　　2. B。根据上句可知是谈论过去的情况，故应该用“情态动词+have done”结构。句子采用省略形式“should have”。

　　3. C。英语中常用so / not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容。I’m afraid not补全为：I’m afraid I can’t catch the last bus.

　　4. C。If translated= If it is translated. 当主句主语与状语从句主语相同(或从句主语为it)，并且从句谓语中含be动词，常将从句主语和be动词省略。