2024届高考英语二轮精选基础词汇+语法强化练习（15）外研版
2024高考英语二轮精选基础词汇及语法知识强化系列（15）及答案
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．The contrast of the computer screen is too low，please____________(调整)it.
答案：adjust
2．Some soldiers ____________(交叉) their arms while they walk.
答案：fold
3．He walked about whole nation in the next ____________(十年)．
答案：decade
4．The twists and turns on the mountain road ____________(与……相似)the shape of a huge snake.
答案：resemble
5．I cannot ____________(保证)to deliver your goods within a week.
答案：guarantee
6．We were ____________(激动的，兴奋的)to hear his exciting story.
答案：thrilled
7．After a long ____________(缺席)，she came back to work again.
答案：absence
8．I made some ____________(购买物)in the supermarket yesterday.
答案：purchases
9．Don’t laugh at others，which ____________(使窘迫)others.
答案：embarrasses
10．She broke the dish on ____________(目的，意图)just to show her anger.
答案：purpose
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．你是故意打坏花瓶的，还是无意打坏了它？
Did you break the vase by accident or________ ________？
答案：on purpose
2．那种新方法很易于理解，很多工人很快就熟练掌握了。
The new method________ ________and many workers became very skillful at it soon.
答案：caught on
3．玛丽发现自己很难适应夜间工作。
Mary found ________ ________ ________ ________ ________working at night.
答案：it hard to adjust to
4．我们祝贺他通过了考试。
We ________him ________ ________the exam.
答案：congratulated；on passing
5．简单地说，如果你要成功就必须努力工作。
________ ________ ________simply，you must work hard if you want to be successful.
答案：To put it
.易错模块
1．The disc，digitally________in the studio，sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A．recordedB．recording
C．to be recorded
D．having recorded
解析：选A。由语境可知，所选项应该在句中作定语，且表示被动和完成，故选择A。
2．Don’t use words，expressions or phrases________only to people with specific knowledge.
A．being known
B．having being known
C．to be known
D．known
解析：选D。这里是过去分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句which are known...，故用过去分词。
3．The Town Hall ________in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.
A．to be completed
B．having been completed
C．completed
D．being completed
解析：选C。根据句子结构可知，所选项应该在句中作定语，且表示被动和完成，故用过去分词。B项，现在分词的完成式不能作定语；A项，不定式表将来；D项，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，均不符合题意。
4．“Things ________never come again！”I couldn’t help talking to myself.
A．lost
B．losing
C．to lose
D．having lost
解析：选A。根据句子结构可知，所选项应该在句中作定语，排除D；lose与逻辑主语things是动宾关系，故用过去分词。
5．Five people won the “China’s Green Figure”award，a title ________to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.
A．being given
B．is given
C．given
D．was given
解析： 选C。根据语境，空格处为定语修饰a title，排除B、D；give与title之间是动宾关系，表示一般情况，不表示正在进行的动作，故用过去分词充当定语。
.语法专练
1．(·高考辽宁卷)When the news came
________the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.
A．since
B．which
C．that
D．because
解析：选C。考查同位语从句。句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去参军。此处的“
the war broke out”解释说明the news的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故为同位语从句，用that连接。
2．(·高考天津卷)Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A．what
B．which
C．that
D．where
解析：选C。考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。句意为：现代科学已经给出了明确的证据：吸烟可能引起许多疾病。
3．(2024·南京调研)—Go and have great fun！I will cope with________you leave to me properly.
—Thanks a lot.
A．why
B．when
C．what
D．which
解析：选C。这里考查what引导的名词性从句，what在从句中作宾语。leave sth.to sb.将某事留给某人处理。句意：——好好玩吧！我会把你交给我的事情处理好的。——谢谢。
4．(·郑州毕业班质量预测)A plan has been put forward________more graduates should go to work in the country this year.
A．when
B．that
C．whether
D．how
解析：选B。考查同位语从句。句意：一个计划已经被提出，更多的毕业生今年应到农村工作。从空格处到句末是同位语从句，用来解释说明a plan的具体内容。
5．(2024·皖南八校联考)—Mary looks down today.What is up?
—Well ，________happened between Mary and me is none of your business.
A．wherever
B．whoever
C．whatever
D．no matter what
解析：选C。whatever引导主语从句，whatever在从句中作主语。
6．(2024·合肥教学检测)Many parents feel that their child’s IQ is________determines how well they are going to do in their future life.
A．what
B．that
C．which
D．where
解析：选A。what在宾语从句中作is的表语，又在表语从句中作主语，具有双重功能。
7．By improving reading skills，you can read faster and understand more of________you once thought impossible to understand.
A．that
B．what
C．which
D．whether
解析：选B。考查名词性从句。句意：通过提高阅读技能，你可以读得更快，并且对你曾经认为不可能理解的东西理解得更多。
8．(·泉州培元期中考)—I phoned your home at around 9 yesterday evening.Why didn’t you answer it?
—Really？Oh，now I remember；it was________I was taking a bath.
A．when
B．which
C．where
D．what
解析：选A。句意：——昨晚九点左右我给你家打电话，你怎么不接电话啊？——不可能。哦，我想起来了，当时我在洗澡。本题考查表语从句的用法，根据上下文可知A为正确答案。when＝the time when...。
9．There is a saying ________swimming is a good way to keep fit.
A．which
B．what
C．that
D．where
解析：选C。考查同位语从句。swimming is a good way to keep fit是saying的具体内容。从句中不缺少任何成分，所以排除A、B、D项。再依据句意可知答案为C。
10．(2024·西城区抽样)After ten years’ absence she came back，only to find her old house was not ________ it used to be.
A．which
B．what
C．when
D．how
解析：选B。考查表语从句的引导词。从句子结构看，该词要引导表语从句并充当该表语从句中be动词的表语，所以用what。what在此相当于the house that。
2024高考英语二轮精选基础词汇及语法知识强化系列（15）及答案
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．The contrast of the computer screen is too low，please____________(调整)it.
答案：adjust
2．Some soldiers ____________(交叉) their arms while they walk.
答案：fold
3．He walked about whole nation in the next ____________(十年)．
答案：decade
4．The twists and turns on the mountain road ____________(与……相似)the shape of a huge snake.
答案：resemble
5．I cannot ____________(保证)to deliver your goods within a week.
答案：guarantee
6．We were ____________(激动的，兴奋的)to hear his exciting story.
答案：thrilled
7．After a long ____________(缺席)，she came back to work again.
答案：absence
8．I made some ____________(购买物)in the supermarket yesterday.
答案：purchases
9．Don’t laugh at others，which ____________(使窘迫)others.
答案：embarrasses
10．She broke the dish on ____________(目的，意图)just to show her anger.
答案：purpose
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．你是故意打坏花瓶的，还是无意打坏了它？
Did you break the vase by accident or________ ________？
答案：on purpose
2．那种新方法很易于理解，很多工人很快就熟练掌握了。
The new method________ ________and many workers became very skillful at it soon.
答案：caught on
3．玛丽发现自己很难适应夜间工作。
Mary found ________ ________ ________ ________ ________working at night.
答案：it hard to adjust to
4．我们祝贺他通过了考试。
We ________him ________ ________the exam.
答案：congratulated；on passing
5．简单地说，如果你要成功就必须努力工作。
________ ________ ________simply，you must work hard if you want to be successful.
答案：To put it
.易错模块
1．The disc，digitally________in the studio，sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A．recordedB．recording
C．to be recorded
D．having recorded
解析：选A。由语境可知，所选项应该在句中作定语，且表示被动和完成，故选择A。
2．Don’t use words，expressions or phrases________only to people with specific knowledge.
A．being known
B．having being known
C．to be known
D．known
解析：选D。这里是过去分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句which are known...，故用过去分词。
3．The Town Hall ________in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.
A．to be completed
B．having been completed
C．completed
D．being completed
解析：选C。根据句子结构可知，所选项应该在句中作定语，且表示被动和完成，故用过去分词。B项，现在分词的完成式不能作定语；A项，不定式表将来；D项，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，均不符合题意。
4．“Things ________never come again！”I couldn’t help talking to myself.
A．lost
B．losing
C．to lose
D．having lost
解析：选A。根据句子结构可知，所选项应该在句中作定语，排除D；lose与逻辑主语things是动宾关系，故用过去分词。
5．Five people won the “China’s Green Figure”award，a title ________to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.
A．being given
B．is given
C．given
D．was given
解析： 选C。根据语境，空格处为定语修饰a title，排除B、D；give与title之间是动宾关系，表示一般情况，不表示正在进行的动作，故用过去分词充当定语。
.语法专练
1．(·高考辽宁卷)When the news came
________the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.
A．since
B．which
C．that
D．because
解析：选C。考查同位语从句。句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去参军。此处的“
the war broke out”解释说明the news的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故为同位语从句，用that连接。
2．(·高考天津卷)Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A．what
B．which
C．that
D．where
解析：选C。考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。句意为：现代科学已经给出了明确的证据：吸烟可能引起许多疾病。
3．(2024·南京调研)—Go and have great fun！I will cope with________you leave to me properly.
—Thanks a lot.
A．why
B．when
C．what
D．which
解析：选C。这里考查what引导的名词性从句，what在从句中作宾语。leave sth.to sb.将某事留给某人处理。句意：——好好玩吧！我会把你交给我的事情处理好的。——谢谢。
4．(·郑州毕业班质量预测)A plan has been put forward________more graduates should go to work in the country this year.
A．when
B．that
C．whether
D．how
解析：选B。考查同位语从句。句意：一个计划已经被提出，更多的毕业生今年应到农村工作。从空格处到句末是同位语从句，用来解释说明a plan的具体内容。
5．(2024·皖南八校联考)—Mary looks down today.What is up?
—Well ，________happened between Mary and me is none of your business.
A．wherever
B．whoever
C．whatever
D．no matter what
解析：选C。whatever引导主语从句，whatever在从句中作主语。
6．(2024·合肥教学检测)Many parents feel that their child’s IQ is________determines how well they are going to do in their future life.
A．what
B．that
C．which
D．where
解析：选A。what在宾语从句中作is的表语，又在表语从句中作主语，具有双重功能。
7．By improving reading skills，you can read faster and understand more of________you once thought impossible to understand.
A．that
B．what
C．which
D．whether
解析：选B。考查名词性从句。句意：通过提高阅读技能，你可以读得更快，并且对你曾经认为不可能理解的东西理解得更多。
8．(·泉州培元期中考)—I phoned your home at around 9 yesterday evening.Why didn’t you answer it?
—Really？Oh，now I remember；it was________I was taking a bath.
A．when
B．which
C．where
D．what
解析：选A。句意：——昨晚九点左右我给你家打电话，你怎么不接电话啊？——不可能。哦，我想起来了，当时我在洗澡。本题考查表语从句的用法，根据上下文可知A为正确答案。when＝the time when...。
9．There is a saying ________swimming is a good way to keep fit.
A．which
B．what
C．that
D．where
解析：选C。考查同位语从句。swimming is a good way to keep fit是saying的具体内容。从句中不缺少任何成分，所以排除A、B、D项。再依据句意可知答案为C。
10．(2024·西城区抽样)After ten years’ absence she came back，only to find her old house was not ________ it used to be.
A．which
B．what
C．when
D．how
解析：选B。考查表语从句的引导词。从句子结构看，该词要引导表语从句并充当该表语从句中be动词的表语，所以用what。what在此相当于the house that。
